CHAYKA

Coordinates: 53°07′51″N 34°54′45″E / 53.13083°N 34.91250°E

Chayka pulse

Chayka (Russian: Чайка, lit. "seagull") is a Russian terrestrial radio navigation system, similar to LORAN-C. It operates on similar frequencies around 100 kHz, and uses the same techniques of comparing both the envelope and the signal phase to accurately determine location. The systems differ primarily in details.

Chayka-Chains

At the hill - RSDN-3/10, Crimea

Chayka, like LORAN-C, uses different pulse repetition frequencies (GRIs) to allow the identification of different stations operating on the same frequencies.

There are 5 Chayka chains in use:

Chayka Transmitters

The following Chayka transmitters work with very high power and may use very tall mast antennas (similar to LORAN-C transmitters). The masts at Dudinka and Taymylyr (demolished in 2009) were 460 metres high.

GRI 8000

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Karachev (44 km from Bryansk) 53°7′50.6″N 34°54′44.8″E / 53.130722°N 34.912444°E 450
W/1 Petrozavodsk 61°45′32.4″N 33°41′40.4″E / 61.759000°N 33.694556°E 13217.21 10000 700
X/2 Slonim (Belarus) 53°7′55.2″N 25°23′46″E / 53.132000°N 25.39611°E 27125.00 25000 450
Y/3 Simferopol (Ukraine) 44°53′20.18″N 33°52′23.79″E / 44.8889389°N 33.8732750°E 53070.25 50000 550
Z/4 Syzran 53°17′17.6″N 48°6′53.4″E / 53.288222°N 48.114833°E 67941.60 65000 700

GRI 7950

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 51°4′42.81″N 142°42′4.95″E / 51.0785583°N 142.7013750°E 700
W/1 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 53°7′48.26″N 157°41′49.1″E / 53.1300722°N 157.696972°E 14506.5 11000 700
X/2 Ussuriysk 44°31′58.24″N 131°38′28.6″E / 44.5328444°N 131.641278°E 33678.0 30000 700
Y/3 Tokachibuto (Japan) 42°44′37.2″N 143°43′10.5″E / 42.743667°N 143.719583°E 49104.15 46000 600
Z/4 Okhotsk 59°25′1.77″N 143°5′18.68″E / 59.4171583°N 143.0885222°E 64102.05 61000 10

GRI 5980

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 53°7′48.26″N 157°41′49.1″E / 53.1300722°N 157.696972°E 700
W/1 Attu Island (USA) 52°49′44″N 173°10′49.7″E / 52.82889°N 173.180472°E 14506.5 11000 400
X/2 Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky 51°4′42.80″N 142°42′4.95″E / 51.0785556°N 142.7013750°E 31506.5 28000 700

GRI 5960

(No longer in service)

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Dudinka 69°21′45.20″N 86°41′50.56″E / 69.3625556°N 86.6973778°E 1200
W/1 Taymylyr 72°34′48.92″N 122°06′40.29″E / 72.5802556°N 122.1111917°E 1200
X/2 Pankratiev Island 76°7′34″N 60°12′55″E / 76.12611°N 60.21528°E 250
Y/3 Inta 69°57′59.57″N 60°18′33.43″E / 69.9665472°N 60.3092861°E 1200

GRI 4970

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Inta 69°57′59.57″N 60°18′33.43″E / 69.9665472°N 60.3092861°E 1200
W/1 Tumanny 69°3′8.4″N 35°40′14.3″E / 69.052333°N 35.670639°E
X/2 Pankratiev Island 76°7′34″N 60°12′55″E / 76.12611°N 60.21528°E 250

GRI 5970

# Place Coordinates Emission delay, μs Coding delay, μs Transmission power, kW
M Yuzhno-Uralsk 54°23.1′N 61°20.6′E / 54.3850°N 61.3433°E
W/1 Yekaterinburg 56°44.8′N 60°31.6′E / 56.7467°N 60.5267°E 15895,1 15000
X/2 Kurgan 55°22.2′N 65°22.6′E / 55.3700°N 65.3767°E 30939,5 30000

See also