Butyl acetate

For other uses, see Butyl acetate (disambiguation).
n-Butyl acetate
Names
IUPAC name
Butyl acetate
Systematic IUPAC name
Butyl ethanoate
Other names
Acetic acid, n-butyl ester; Butile; n-Butyl acetate; Butyl ethanoate
Identifiers
123-86-4 Yes
ChEBI CHEBI:31328 Yes
ChEMBL ChEMBL284391 Yes
ChemSpider 29012 Yes
EC number 204-658-1
Jmol-3D images Image
KEGG C12304 Yes
PubChem 31272
RTECS number AF7350000
UNII 464P5N1905 Yes
UN number 1123
Properties
Molecular formula
 C6H12O2
Molar mass 116.16 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Fruity
Density 0.8825 g/cm3 (20 °C)[1]
Melting point −78 °C (−108 °F; 195 K) [1]
Boiling point 126.1 °C (259.0 °F; 399.2 K)
at 760 mmHg[1]
0.68 g/100 mL (20 °C)[1]
Solubility Miscible in EtOH
Soluble in acetone, CHCl3[1]
log P 1.82[1]
Vapor pressure 0.1 kPa (−19 °C)
1.66 kPa (24 °C)[1]
44.5 kPa (100 °C)[2]
0.281 L·atm/mol
Thermal conductivity 0.143 W/m·K (0 °C)
0.136 W/m·K (25 °C)
0.13 W/m·K (50 °C)
0.116 W/m·K (100 °C)[1]
1.3941 (20 °C)[1]
Viscosity 1.002 cP (0 °C)
0.685 cP (25 °C)
0.5 cP (50 °C)
0.305 cP (100 °C)[1]
Structure
Dipole moment 1.87 D (24 °C)[1]
Thermochemistry
Specific
heat capacity (C)
 225.11 J/mol·K[2]
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfHo298)
 −609.6 kJ/mol[2]
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcHo298)
 3467 kJ/mol[2]
Hazards
Main hazards Flammable
GHS pictograms [3]
GHS signal word Warning
H226, H336[3]
P261[3]
EU Index 607-025-00-1
R-phrases R10, R66, R67
S-phrases S25
NFPA 704
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g., gasoline) Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
3
2
0
Flash point 22 °C (72 °F; 295 K)[4]
370 °C (698 °F; 643 K)[4]
Threshold Limit Value
 150 ppm[1] (TWA), 200 ppm[1] (STEL)
10768 mg/kg (rats, oral)[4]
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3)[4]
TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) ST 200 ppm (950 mg/m3)[5]
1700 ppm[5]
Related compounds
Related acetates
Ethyl acetate
Propyl acetate
Amyl acetate
Related compounds
 Butanol
Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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Infobox references

n-Butyl acetate, also known as butyl ethanoate, is an organic compound commonly used as a solvent in the production of lacquers and other products. It is a colorless flammable liquid. Butyl acetate is found in many types of fruit, where along with other chemicals it imparts characteristic flavors and has a sweet smell of banana or apple. It is used as a synthetic fruit flavoring in foods such as candy, ice cream, cheeses, and baked goods.

The other three isomers of butyl acetate are: isobutyl acetate, tert-butyl acetate, and sec-butyl acetate.

Production

Butyl acetates are commonly manufactured by the Fischer esterification of butanol (or its isomer to make an isomer of butyl acetate) and acetic acid with the presence of catalytic sulfuric acid under reflux conditions with the following reaction:[6]

Occurrence in nature

Apples, especially of the Red Delicious variety, are flavored in part by this chemical. The alarm pheromones emitted by the Koschevnikov gland of honey bees contain butyl acetate.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Acetic acid, butyl ester in Linstrom, P.J.; Mallard, W.G. (eds.) NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD. http://webbook.nist.gov (retrieved 2014-06-28)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Butyl acetate. Retrieved on 2014-06-28.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0072". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  6. ↑ Acetic acid. (2003). In Ullman's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry (6th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 170-171). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH.

External links

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