Burlington, North Carolina

Burlington, North Carolina
City

Seal
Nickname(s): Hosiery Center of the South
Motto: Esse quam videri

Location of Burlington within North Carolina
Coordinates: 36°5′23″N 79°26′44″W / 36.08972°N 79.44556°WCoordinates: 36°5′23″N 79°26′44″W / 36.08972°N 79.44556°W
Country United States
State North Carolina
Counties Alamance
Founded 1857 (Company Shops)
Founded 1886 (Burlington)
Incorporated February 14, 1893
Government
 • Mayor Ronnie K. Wall
Area
 • City 25.4 sq mi (65.7 km2)
 • Land 25.2 sq mi (65.2 km2)
 • Water 0.2 sq mi (0.5 km2)  0.82%
 • Urban 40 sq mi (103 km2)
Elevation 633 ft (193 m)
Population (2010)
 • City 50,042
 • Density 1,988/sq mi (767.7/km2)
 • Urban 119,911
 • Metro 151,131
 • Metro density 356/sq mi (137.6/km2)
Time zone EST (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP Code 27215, 27216, 27217
Area code(s) 336/743
FIPS code 37-09060[1]
GNIS feature ID 0982279[2]
Website www.burlingtonnc.gov

Burlington is a city in Alamance County in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is the principal city of the Burlington, North Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Alamance County, in which most of the city is located, and is a part of the Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point CSA. The population was 49,963 at the 2010 census,[3] which makes Burlington the 17th largest city in North Carolina. The Metropolitan Statistical Area population was over 150,000 in 2010.

History

Alamance County was created when Orange County was partitioned in 1849. Early settlers included several groups of Quakers, many of which remain active in the Snow Camp area, German farmers, and Scots-Irish immigrants. Alamance County, where Burlington is located, is the site of several skirmishes that were part of the American Revolution. These include the War of the Regulation, which took place prior to the actual Revolution, when citizens rebelled against the corrupt British colonial government; the Battle of Lindley's Mill; the Battle of Clapp's Mill; and Pyle's Defeat.

The need of the North Carolina Railroad in the 1850s to locate land where they could build, repair and do maintenance on its track was the genesis of Burlington, North Carolina. The company selected a piece of land slightly west of present day Graham. On January 29, 1856, the last spikes were driven into the final tie of the North Carolina Railroad project, uniting the cities of Goldsboro and Charlotte by rail. The next day, the first locomotive passed along the new route. When the iron horse arrived in Alamance County, locals referred to it as "the eighth wonder of the world".

Company Shops train depot

Not long after this historic opening, the railroad realized a pressing need for repair shops. With Alamance County's position along the new line, it became the logical choice for the shops' location. After several debates concerning where the shops would be located, Gen. Benjamin Trollinger, a progressive Alamance County manufacturer, made an offer that settled the matter. Gen. Trollinger owned land just northwest of Graham, and he convinced several other prominent citizens owning adjacent lots to join him and sell their property to the railroad. By 1859, construction of the shops began. Seemingly overnight, a town was born. A church, bank, hotel and restaurant sprang up. "Company Shops", as the town became known, was also chosen as the railroad's headquarters. By the time the shops were completed, the village had grown to twenty-seven buildings. Thirty-nine white men, twenty Negro slaves and two free Negroes were employed in or around the shops. Sale of town lots soon started, but not surprisingly, the sale of lots was slow until after the Civil War. By 1864, Company Shops numbered about 300 persons.

After twenty-five years of operations, the shops closed as most of the railroad's facilities. In 1886, the North Carolina Railroad Company transferred its operations to Spencer, North Carolina. The railroad offices and shops at Company Shops were closed. With the railroad shops no longer operated there, the citizens of Company Shops decided a new name was needed. Company Shops was reborn as Burlington on February 14, 1893. The city of Burlington was incorporated, and a charter was issued by the State Legislature.

Around the turn of the century, the great industrial progress began, and Alamance County made rich contributions to the industrial advancement of the country. Gen. Trollinger and E.M. Holt established small textile operations along the Haw River and Great Alamance Creek. In 1908, E.M. Holt built the first cotton mill in the South. From the establishment of this single factory, Alamance County grew to eventually operate 30 cotton mills and 10 to 15 yarn manufacturing plants employing 15,000 people. Eventually, the early textile venture of E.M. Holt became known all over the world as Burlington Industries, and is now headquartered in nearby Greensboro. Throughout this period, Burlington became a prosperous and vibrant little city filled with schools, churches, newspapers, telegraph and telephone lines, roads and a streetcar line; all in keeping with the latest "modern progress" of the times.

Though textiles continued to dominate the local economy well into the 1970s, the people of Burlington knew they could not survive on the back of a single industry, and the country's involvement in World War II brought important local economic changes. In 1942, the federal government purchased and leased a 22-acre (8.9 ha) site to Fairchild Aircraft Corporation for the construction of test aircraft. After two years of production, the site was leased to Firestone Tire Company for the Army's tank rebuilding program. At the close of the war, the federal government chose not to leave, but continued utilizing the property for government contract business. This decision would bring Western Electric to town along with new employees from around the country and beyond. Their contracts ensured Burlington's placement on the "hit list" during the Cold War due to the manufacturing and testing of emerging defense technologies. Four decades later (1991), however, the doors to Western Electric (then Lucent Technologies) were locked, and another chapter of Burlington’s history was closed.

Throughout this century-and-a-half of economic change, Burlington grew, adapted and prospered. Originally the center of commerce for Company Shops, the downtown area still serves as the heart of today's community with financial services, government services, an expanded library, small shops, eateries and a restored theater. Downtown has also returned to its status as a major employment center, becoming the home to Laboratory Corporation of America, one of the world's largest biomedical testing firms and Burlington/Alamance County's largest employer.

The Alamance Hotel, Allen House, Atlantic Bank and Trust Company Building, Beverly Hills Historic District, Downtown Burlington Historic District, East Davis Street Historic District, Efird Building, First Baptist Church, First Christian Church of Burlington, Polly Fogleman House, Holt-Frost House, Horner Houses, Lakeside Mills Historic District, McCray School, Menagerie Carousel, Moore-Holt-White House, South Broad-East Fifth Streets Historic District, Southern Railway Passenger Station, St. Athanasius Episcopal Church and Parish House and the Church of the Holy Comforter, Stagg House, Sunny Side, US Post Office, West Davis Street-Fountain Place Historic District, and Windsor Cotton Mills Office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[4]

Geography

Burlington is located at 36°5′23″N 79°26′44″W / 36.08972°N 79.44556°W (36.089636, -79.445578).[5]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 25.4 square miles (65.7 km2), of which 25.2 square miles (65.2 km2) is land and 0.19 square miles (0.5 km2), or 0.82%, is water.[3]

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Burlington has a Humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[6]

Climate data for Burlington, North Carolina
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 12
(53)		 13
(56)		 16
(61)		 23
(74)		 27
(81)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 28
(83)		 23
(73)		 17
(62)		 12
(53)		 22.1
(71.8)
Average low °C (°F) 1
(33)		 1
(33)		 3
(38)		 9
(48)		 13
(56)		 18
(64)		 19
(67)		 19
(66)		 16
(60)		 9
(49)		 3
(38)		 −1
(31)		 9.2
(48.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 94
(3.7)		 94
(3.7)		 97
(3.8)		 91
(3.6)		 99
(3.9)		 97
(3.8)		 117
(4.6)		 124
(4.9)		 104
(4.1)		 94
(3.7)		 81
(3.2)		 81
(3.2)		 1,173
(46.2)
Source: Weatherbase [7]

Parks

Cedarock waterfall

There are a variety of parks that can be found in Burlington, including Joe Davidson Park, Cedarock Park, and the Burlington City Park. Upon visiting these parks one can find a variety of things for various activities, such as baseball fields, basketball courts, soccer fields, playgrounds, disc golf and tennis courts.

The Alamance County Recreation and Parks Commission is composed of seven citizen volunteers and one representative from both the Alamance-Burlington Board of Education and the Alamance County Board of Commissioners. ACRPD Mission Statement: The Alamance County Recreation and Parks Department will provide parks, trails and programs that inspire visitors and welcome all participants.

The Alamance County Recreation and Parks Department manages parks and community centers at the following locations:

Alamance County offers many hiking and paddle opportunities including the Haw River Trail and the NC Mountains-to-Sea Trail. The Alamance County Recreation and Parks Department manages accesses to the Haw River Paddle and Hiking Trail at the following locations:

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1880817—
18901,716110.0%
19003,692115.2%
19104,80830.2%
19205,95223.8%
19309,73763.6%
194012,19825.3%
195024,560101.3%
196033,19935.2%
197035,9308.2%
198037,2663.7%
199039,4986.0%
200044,91713.7%
201050,04211.4%

As of the census[1] of 2010, there were 49,963 people, 20,632 households, and 12,679 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,967.0 people per square mile (760.5/km²). There were 23,414 housing units at an average density of 921.8 per square mile (356.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 57.6% White, 28% African American, 0.7% Native American, 2.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 9.2% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16% of the population.

There were 20,632 households out of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.9% were married couples living together, 17.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 33% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city the population was spread out with 26.6% under the age of 20, 6.5% from 20 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.3 years.

The median income for a household in the city was $42,097, and the median income for a family was $49,797. The per capita income for the city was $23,465. About 15.9% of families and 19.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.9% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The local school system is known as the Alamance-Burlington School System, which was created by a merger between the Alamance County School System and the Burlington City School System in 1996.

Local public schools in Burlington include:

Private schools include:

Charter Schools include:

Transportation

Amtrak's Carolinian and Piedmont trains connect Burlington with the cities of New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Richmond, Raleigh and Charlotte. The Amtrak station is situated at 101 North Main Street.

Burlington is a short drive to Piedmont Triad International Airport in Greensboro and Raleigh-Durham International Airport in Morrisville. The city is almost centrally located between these two major North Carolina airports.

Burlington has no public busing system. However, transportation services are available to its residents through the Alamance County Transportation Authority. Locals can also ride the BioBus from nearby Elon University.

Sports

The Burlington Royals, a rookie-level farm team of Major League Baseball's Kansas City Royals, have played in Burlington since 2007. The team is based at Burlington Athletic Stadium. Prior to 2007 team was known as the Burlington Indians, functioning as a farm team of the Cleveland Indians since 1985.

Business

area.

Shopping

The city's only indoor mall, Holly Hill Mall is located at the intersection of Huffman Mill Road and Church Street (US 70). An outdoor mall, Alamance Crossing, opened in 2007 at Interstate 40/85 and University Drive. Just off I-85/40 at Exit 145 is North Carolina's original outlet mall, Burlington Outlet Village(formerly BMOC).[8]

Food

Burlington is known to have the most restaurants per capita in the state of North Carolina. In 2011 Burlington was ranked 29th overall in cities with the best Restaurant Growth Index (RGI) with an RGI score of 167. Burlington has 322 restaurants located throughout the city; popular ones including Zack's Hotdogs, Blue Ribbon Dinner, and Mykonos Grill.

Sister cities

Burlington has two sister cities:[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  2. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Burlington city, North Carolina, revision 08-09-2012". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  4. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2010-07-09.
  5. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  6. ↑ Climate Summary for Burlington, North Carolina
  7. ↑ "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on September 14, 2013.
  8. ↑ "Events that shaped the county". The Times News. 2007-07-24. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
  9. ↑ "Burlington-Alamance Sister Cities". Raleighnc.gov. Retrieved 2013-02-02.

External links

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