Bucerotiformes
| Bucerotiformes | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abyssinian ground hornbill Bucorvus abyssinicus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Clade: | Picocoraciae |
| Order: | Bucerotiformes Fürbringer, 1888 |
| Families | |
| |
Bucerotiformes is an order that contains the hornbills, hoopoe and wood hoopoes.[1] Sometimes classified as members of Coraciiformes although increasing amount of evidence seem to support these birds being distinctive enough to warrant their own order.[2][3][4]
Systematics
Recent genetic data show that ground hornbills and Bycanistes form a clade outside the rest of the hornbill lineage.[5] They are thought to represent an early African lineage, while the rest of Bucerotiformes evolved in Asia. The hoopoe subspecies Saint Helena hoopoe and the Madagascar subspecies are sometimes elevated to a full species. The two wood hoopoe genera, Phoeniculus and Rhinopomastus, appear to have diverged about 10 million years ago, so some systematists treat them as separate subfamilies or even separate families.[6]
Taxonomy
Order Bucerotiformes
- Suborder Upupi
- Family Phoeniculidae
- Genus Phoeniculus
- Green wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus purpureus
- Violet wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus damarensis
- Black-billed wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus somaliensis
- White-headed wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus bollei
- Forest wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus castaneiceps
- Genus Rhinopomastus
- Black scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus aterrimus
- Common scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus cyanomelas
- Abyssinian scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus minor
- Genus Phoeniculus
- Family Upupidae
- Genus Upupa
- Hoopoe, Upupa epops
- Genus Upupa
- Family Phoeniculidae
- Suborder Buceroti
- Family Bucorvidae
- Genus Bucorvus
- Abyssinian ground hornbill, Bucorvus abyssinicus
- Southern ground hornbill, Bucorvus leadbeateri
- Genus Bycanistes
- Trumpeter hornbill, Bycanistes bucinator
- Piping hornbill, Bycanistes fistulator
- Silvery-cheeked hornbill, Bycanistes brevis
- Black-and-white-casqued hornbill, Bycanistes subcylindricus
- Brown-cheeked hornbill, Bycanistes cylindricus
- White-thighed hornbill, Bycanistes albotibialis
- Genus Bucorvus
- Family Bucerotidae
- Genus Tropicranus (sometimes included in Tockus)
- White-crested hornbill, Tropicranus albocristatus
- Genus Tockus
- Black dwarf hornbill, Tockus hartlaubi
- Red-billed dwarf hornbill, Tockus camurus
- Monteiro's hornbill, Tockus monteiri
- Red-billed hornbill group
- Northern red-billed hornbill, Tockus erythrorhynchus
- Damara red-billed hornbill, Tockus damarensis
- Southern red-billed hornbill, Tockus rufirostris
- Tanzanian red-billed hornbill, Tockus ruahae
- Western red-billed hornbill, Tockus kempi
- Eastern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus flavirostris
- Southern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus leucomelas
- Jackson's hornbill, Tockus jacksoni
- Von der Decken's hornbill, Tockus deckeni
- Crowned hornbill, Tockus alboterminatus
- Bradfield's hornbill, Tockus bradfieldi
- African pied hornbill, Tockus fasciatus
- Hemprich's hornbill, Tockus hemprichii
- Pale-billed hornbill, Tockus pallidirostris
- African grey hornbill, Tockus nasutus
- Genus Ocyceros
- Malabar grey hornbill, Ocyceros griseus
- Sri Lanka grey hornbill, Ocyceros gingalensis
- Indian grey hornbill, Ocyceros biostris
- Genus Anthracoceros
- Malabar pied hornbill, Anthracoceros coronatus
- Oriental pied hornbill, Anthracoceros albirostris
- Black hornbill, Anthracoceros malayanus
- Palawan hornbill, Antracoceros marchei
- Sulu hornbill, Anthracoceros montani
- Genus Buceros
- Rhinoceros hornbill, Buceros rhinoceros
- Great hornbill, Buceros bicornis
- Rufous hornbill, Buceros hydrocorax
- Genus Rhinoplax (sometimes included in Buceros)
- Helmeted hornbill, Rhinoplax vigil
- Genus Anorrhinus
- Austen's brown hornbill, Anorrhinus austeni
- Tickell's brown hornbill, Anorrhinus tickelli
- Bushy-crested hornbill, Anorrhinus galeritus
- Genus Penelopides
- Luzon hornbill, Penelopides manillae
- Mindoro hornbill, Penelopides mindorensis
- Visayan hornbill, Penelopides panini
- Samar hornbill, Penelopides samarensis
- Mindanao hornbill, Penelopides affinis
- Sulawesi hornbill, Penelopides exarhatus
- Genus Berenicornis (sometimes included in Aceros)
- White-crowned hornbill, Berenicornis comatus (alt Aceros comatus (IUCN))
- Genus Aceros
- Rufous-necked hornbill, Aceros nipalensis
- Wrinkled hornbill, Aceros corrugatus
- Writhed hornbill, Aceros leucocephalus
- Rufous-headed hornbill, Aceros waldeni
- Knobbed hornbill, Aceros cassidix
- Genus Rhyticeros (sometimes included in Aceros)
- Wreathed hornbill, Rhyticeros undulatus
- Narcondam hornbill, Rhyticeros narcondami
- Sumba hornbill, Rhyticeros everetti
- Plain-pouched hornbill, Rhyticeros subruficollis
- Papuan hornbill, Rhyticeros plicatus
- Genus Ceratogymna
- Black-casqued wattled hornbill, Ceratogymna atrata
- Yellow-casqued wattled hornbill, Ceratogymna elate
- Genus Tropicranus (sometimes included in Tockus)
- Family Bucorvidae
References
- ↑ http://tolweb.org/Bucerotiformes/26427
- ↑ Johansson, Ulf S.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2003). "Molecular support for a sister group relationship between Pici and Galbulae (Piciformes sensu Wetmore 1960)". J. Avian Biol. 34 (2): 185–197. doi:10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.03103.x. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ↑ Yuri, T. et al. (2013) Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals. Biology, 2(1):419-444. doi:10.3390/biology2010419
- ↑ Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014) Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds. Science, 346(6215):1320-1331.
- ↑ Woodruff, D. S. & Srikwan, S. 2011. Molecular genetics and the conservation of hornbills in fragmented landscapes. In Poonswad, P. (ed) The Asian Hornbills: Ecology and Conservation. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Bangkok, pp. 257-264.
- ↑ Fry, C. Hilary (2003). "Wood-hoopoes". In Perrins, Christopher. The Firefly Encyclopedia of Birds. Firefly Books. p. 383. ISBN 1-55297-777-3.