Brookfield, Massachusetts

Brookfield, Massachusetts
Town

Central Street in 1908

Location in Worcester County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°12′50″N 72°06′10″W / 42.21389°N 72.10278°WCoordinates: 42°12′50″N 72°06′10″W / 42.21389°N 72.10278°W
Country United States
State Massachusetts
County Worcester
Settled 1660
Incorporated 1718
Government
 • Type Open town meeting
 • Board of Selectmen Stephen J. Comtois II
Linda M. Lincoln
Nicholas M. Thomo
 • Administrative Assistant Jennifer Grybowski
Area
 • Total 16.6 sq mi (42.9 km2)
 • Land 15.5 sq mi (40.2 km2)
 • Water 1.1 sq mi (2.7 km2)
Elevation 714 ft (218 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 3,390
 • Density 218.7/sq mi (84.4/km2)
Time zone Eastern (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code 01506
Area code(s) 508 / 774
FIPS code 25-09105
GNIS feature ID 0618358
Website www.brookfieldma.us

Brookfield is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Brookfield was first settled in 1660. The population was 3,390 at the 2010 census.

History

Capture of Brookfield by Nipmucks in 1675

Brookfield was first settled in 1660 and was officially incorporated in 1718. The town was settled by men from Ipswich as part of the Quaboag Plantation lands, though the settlers would be temporarily removed from the lands by attacks during King Philip's War.

During the winter of 1776, General Henry Knox passed through the town with cannon from Fort Ticonderoga to end the Siege of Boston. A marker along Route 9 commemorates his route.[1]

Bathsheba Spooner

In March 1778, Joshua Spooner, a wealthy farmer in Brookfield, was beaten to death and his body stuffed down a well. Four people were hanged for the crime: two British soldiers, a young Continental soldier, and Spooner's wife, Bathsheba, who was charged with instigating the murder. She was 32 years old and five months pregnant when executed. Newspapers described the case as "the most extraordinary crime ever perpetrated in New England."

Bathsheba was the mother of three young children, and in her own words felt "an utter aversion" for her husband, who was known to be an abusive drunk.

A year before the murder, she took in and nursed a sixteen-year-old Continental soldier who was returning from a year's enlistment under George Washington. The two became lovers and conceived a child.

Divorces were all but impossible for women at that time, and adulteresses were stripped to the waist and publicly whipped. Bathsheba's pregnancy occasioned a series of desperate plots to murder her husband, finally brought to fruition with the aid of two British deserters from General John Burgoyne's defeated army.

As the daughter of the state's most prominent and despised Loyalist, Bathsheba bore the brunt of the political, cultural, and gender prejudices of her day. When she sought a stay of execution to deliver her baby, the Massachusetts Council rejected her petition, and she was promptly hanged before a crowd of 5,000 spectators.[2]

Washington's visit

Across from the former Brookfield Inn on West Main Street (Route 9) is a memorial that designates this part of the road as the George Washington Memorial Highway. In 1789, the first president of the United States traveled through five of the New England states. This tour has become the basis for all of the “George Washington slept here” claims—and although Washington watered his horses here, he never slept in Brookfield. It seems his party would have spent the night in Brookfield except that the innkeeper, Mrs. Bannister, was in bed with a terrible headache. When awakened, she mistook him for a college president and sent him on to the neighboring town of Spencer. On learning of her mistake, she supposedly said: "Bless me! One look at that good man would have cured my aching head.”

Other Brookfields

Lands of the town have given rise to three others - North Brookfield in 1812, West Brookfield in 1848, and East Brookfield in 1920.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 16.6 square miles (43 km2), of which 15.5 square miles (40 km2) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.6 km2), or 6.34%, is water. Brookfield is bounded on the northwest, north and east by towns that were formerly part of it: West Brookfield, North Brookfield, and East Brookfield, respectively; on the south by Sturbridge and a short, 0.33-mile (0.5 km) stretch of Brimfield; and on the southwest by Warren. Brookfield is 18 miles (29 km) west of Worcester, 30 miles (48 km) east-northeast of Springfield, and 57 miles (92 km) west of Boston.

The town is located in the southwest part of Worcester County, along the Quaboag River. The river is bordered by swampy lands, and several areas around it are protected as wildlife management areas. Along the East Brookfield border lie two large ponds which are part of the river, Quaboag Pond to the north and Quacumquasit Pond to the south, extending into Sturbridge. There are also several small brooks running into these waterways, and the land around the town is mostly flat, with some small hills in the southern half of town.

The town lies at the intersection of Route 9 and Route 148. The town also lies along the Lake Shore Limited route of Amtrak's rail service between Worcester and Springfield, though there is no stop between the two cities. Freight rail traffic also follows this line. The town lies just north of Interstate 90 (the Massachusetts Turnpike) near its junction with Interstate 84 at Exit 9. In fact, this intersection is the closest exit along the Pike to town, 10 miles (16 km) away to the south, with Palmer's exit being 15 miles (24 km) to the west, and Auburn's exit (at Interstate 395) being 22 miles (35 km) to the east. The nearest municipal airport is located in Southbridge, and the nearest national air service can be reached at Bradley International Airport in Windsor Locks, Connecticut.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18501,674—    
18602,276+36.0%
18702,527+11.0%
18802,823+11.7%
18903,352+18.7%
19003,062−8.7%
19102,204−28.0%
19202,216+0.5%
19301,352−39.0%
19401,393+3.0%
19501,567+12.5%
19601,751+11.7%
19702,063+17.8%
19802,397+16.2%
19902,968+23.8%
20003,051+2.8%
20103,390+11.1%

Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
County-level state agency heads
Clerk of Courts: Dennis P. McManus (D)
District Attorney: Joseph D. Early, Jr. (D)
Register of Deeds: Anthony J. Vigliotti (D)
Register of Probate: Stephanie K. Fattman (R)
County Sheriff: Lew Evangelidis (R)
State government
State Representative(s): Donnie Berthiaume (R)
State Senator(s): Anne M. Gobi (D)
Governor's Councilor(s): Jen Caissie (R)
Federal government
U.S. Representative(s): 1st District
U.S. Senators: Elizabeth Warren (D), Ed Markey (D)

By the 2010 census, the population had reached 3,390.

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 3,051 people, 1,204 households, and 857 families residing in the town. The population density was 196.5 people per square mile (75.9/km²). There were 1,302 housing units at an average density of 83.9 per square mile (32.4/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 98.10% White, 0.20% African American, 0.52% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.03% from other races, and 0.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.

There were 1,204 households out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.6% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 23.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the town the population was spread out with 25.9% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $45,655, and the median income for a family was $54,519. Males had a median income of $38,806 versus $29,155 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,144. About 3.8% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.9% of those under age 18 and 13.7% of those age 65 or over.

Brookfield public library, 1899

Library

The public library in Brookfield began in the 1860s.[14][15] In fiscal year 2008, the town of Brookfield spent 1.49% ($106,066) of its budget on its public library—some $35 per person.[16]

Education

Brookfield Elementary School, serving grades K-6, has its own school committee, part of School Union 61. Brookfield students attend Tantasqua Regional Junior High School (grades 7-8) and Tantasqua Regional High School in Sturbridge. Union 61 and the Tantasqua district share administrators, including the superintendent, and both include Brimfield, Brookfield, Holland, Sturbridge and Wales.

Notable people

Tip Top Country Store in Brookfield Center

References

  1. ↑ The Knox Trail Monument Number 13 - Brookfield.
  2. ↑ Deborah Navas, Murdered by His Wife, University of Massachusetts Press, 1999
  3. ↑ "TOTAL POPULATION (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
  4. ↑ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  5. ↑ "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  6. ↑ "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  7. ↑ "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). 1: Number of Inhabitants. Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  8. ↑ "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  9. ↑ "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  10. ↑ "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  11. ↑ "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  12. ↑ "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  13. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  14. ↑ C.B. Tillinghast. The free public libraries of Massachusetts. 1st Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts. Boston: Wright & Potter, 1891. Google books
  15. ↑ Merrick Public Library Retrieved 2010-11-10
  16. ↑ July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008; cf. The FY2008 Municipal Pie: What’s Your Share? Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Board of Library Commissioners. Boston: 2009. Available: Municipal Pie Reports. Retrieved 2010-08-04
  17. ↑ "APPLETON, William, (1786 - 1862)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 30, 2014.
  18. ↑ "MAMIDDLE-L Archives". Ancestry.com. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
  19. ↑ Temple, Josiah Howard and Adams, Charles (1887). History of North Brookfield, Massachusetts: Preceded by an Account of Old Quabaug, Indian and English Occupation, 1647-1676; Brookfield Records, 1686-1783. Brookfield, Massachusetts.
  20. ↑ National Academies (1975). Biographical Memoirs, Volume 47. p. 37.
  21. ↑ Temple, Josiah Howard Temple and Adams, Charles (1887). History of North Brookfield, Massachusetts: Preceded by an Account of Old Quabaug, Indian and English Occupation, 1647-1676; Brookfield Records, 1686-1783. Brookfield, Massachusetts. p. 578.
  22. ↑ Hart, William, and Hart, Bill (2003). Plainsboro. Arcadia Publishing. p. 117.
  23. ↑ "FOSTER, Theodore, (1752 - 1828)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
  24. ↑ Kellogg, Day Otis and Smith, William Robertson (1902). The Encyclopaedia Britannica: latest edition. A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature, Volume 27. Werner. p. 305.
  25. ↑ "HOWE, Albert Richards, (1840 - 1884)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 31, 2014.
  26. ↑ Tracy, Gibbs & Company (1902). Genealogy of the Merrick-Mirick-Myrick Family of Massachusetts, 1636-1902. Tracy, Gibbs & Company. p. 301.
  27. ↑ Bales, Jack (1998). Esther Forbes: A Bio-bibliography of the Author of Johnny Tremain. Scarecrow Press. p. 9.
  28. ↑ "UPHAM, George Baxter, (1768 - 1848)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 31, 2014.
  29. ↑ "UPHAM, Jabez, (1764 - 1811)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved March 31, 2014.

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