British Astronomical Association

The British Astronomical Association was formed in 1890 as a national body to support the UK's amateur astronomers.

Throughout its history, the BAA has encouraged observers to make scientifically valuable observations, often in collaboration with professional colleagues. Among the BAA's first presidents was Walter Maunder, who discovered of the seventeenth century dearth in sunspots now known as the Maunder Minimum by analysing historical observations. Later, this spirit of observing the night sky scientifically was championed by George Alcock, who discovered five comets and five novae using nothing more than a pair of binoculars.

The BAA continues to contribute to the science of astronomy, even despite modern competition from space-based telescopes and highly-automated professional observatories. Modern digital sensors, coupled with techniques such as lucky imaging, mean that even modest amateur equipment can rival what professional observatories could have achieved a few decades ago. The vastness of the night sky, together with the sheer number of amateur observatories, mean that BAA members are often the first to pick up new phenomena. In recent years, the Association's leading supernova hunter, Tom Boles (President 2003-5), has discovered over 150 supernovae. He now holds the world record for the greatest number of such events discovered by any individual in history. ^[1]

More recently the BAA has worked increasingly with international partners. Modern communications allow astronomers in different timezones around the world to hand over the monitoring of variable stars and planetary weather systems to colleagues on other continents as the Sun comes up, resulting in a 24-hour watch on the sky. For example, the Association's Variable Star Section works closely with the American Association of Variable Star Observers, meanwhile its Jupiter Section works with a global network of planetary observers through the JUPOS collaboration.

Publications

Norman Rogers, a member of the BAA, in his solar observatory.

The Association's longest standing publication is its Journal, published six times a year and sent to all members. Once a year, the Association also publishes a Handbook which comprises an almanac for the following year. Electronic bulletins are issued to give more immediate notice by email of discoveries, astronomical news and BAA meetings.

Structure

The Association operates a wide range of observing Sections which specialise in particular branches of astronomy, welcoming observers and astronomy enthusiasts of all abilities in a spirit of collaboration and mutual help.

It also founded and supports the Campaign for Dark Skies, a UK-wide campaign against excessive light pollution.

The BAA leases office space from the Royal Astronomical Society, in Burlington House, Piccadilly, London.^[2] Many of its meetings are also held there.^[3]

History

In October 1890, the BAA was formed to support amateur astronomers in the UK. In many ways it is a counterpart to the Royal Astronomical Society - which primarily supports professional observers - and the two organisations have long shared the same premises. The idea for this organisation was first publicly proposed by Irish astronomer William H. S. Monck in a letter published in The English Mechanic on July 12.^[4]

Playing a significant role in the founding of the Association was English astronomer E. Walter Maunder, with the help of his brother Frid Maunder and William H. Maw. The first meeting of the Association was held on 1890 October 24, with 60 of the initial 283 members in attendance.^[5] Initially it was decided to run the association with a provisional 48-member Council^[6] that included four women: Margaret Huggins, Elizabeth Brown, Agnes Clerke and Agnes Giberne.^[6][7]

The society formed several observing Sections for specialised topics in astronomy. Elizabeth Brown, possibly the only woman in England at the time to own her own observatory, became head of the Solar Section.^[8] The Association was presented with or bequeathed various astronomical instruments, but lacked the funds to build their own observatory. A total of 477 instruments were acquired during the first 117 years since the Association was founded.^[9]

The Association held monthly meetings in London, but it also established some regional branches to cater for members who could not attend London activities. The first of these was the Northwestern Branch which served members in the Northwest of England, centred on Manchester.^[10] A West of Scotland Branch was established in 1894, based in Glasgow.^[11]

In 1891, a group of amateurs in Australia began discussing the idea of setting up branches of the BAA in their own country. Only the first of these, the New South Wales Branch established in 1895, would survive for more than a brief period. This branch became the second oldest astronomy organisation in Australia.^[12]

Presidents

• 1890-1892, William Noble ^[13]
• 1892-1894, Arthur Matthew Weld Downing ^[14]
• 1894–1896, E. Walter Maunder^[5][15]
• 1896-1898, Nathaniel Green^[16][17]
• 1898–1900, William Henry Maw^[15]
• 1900-1902, George M. Seabroke
• 1902-1904, Samuel Arthur Saunder ^[18]
• 1904-1906, Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin
• 1906-1908, Frederick William Levander ^[19]
• 1908-1910, Henry Park Hollis ^[20]
• 1910-1912, Edward Ball Knobel
• 1912-1914, Ernest Elliott Markwick ^[21]
• 1914-1916, Theodore Evelyn Rees Phillips
• 1916-1918, Sir Frank Dyson^[22]
• 1918-1920, H. Thomson^[22]
• 1920-1922, Patrick Henry Hepburn^[22]
• 1922-1924, Walter Goodacre^[22]
• 1924-1926, Rev. Charles Douglas Percy Davis^[22]
• 1926-1928, William Herbert Steavenson^[22]
• 1928-1930, Captain M.A. Ainslie^[22]
• 1930-1932, Major Arthur Everard Levin^[22]
• 1932-1934, Dr W. Alfred Parr^[22]
• 1934-1936, Sir Harold Spencer Jones^[22]
• 1936-1938, Rev. Dr M. Davidson^[22]
• 1938-1940, Bertrand Peek^[22]
• 1940-1942, Francis John Sellers^[22]
• 1942-1944, Frederick James Hargreaves^[22]
• 1944-1946, P. J. Melotte^[22]
• 1946-1948, Frank Maurice Holborn^[22]
• 1948-1950, Dr John Guy Porter^[22]
• 1950-1952, Dr Gerald Merton^[22]
• 1952-1954, Edward Howard Collinson^[22]
• 1954-1956, Dr Reginald L. Waterfield^[22]
• 1956-1958, Dr. Alan Hunter^[22]
• 1958-1960, Dr H.C. King^[22]
• 1960-1962, Dr. Robert d'E. Atkinson^[22]
• 1962-1964, Ernest A. Beet^[22]
• 1964-1966, D. A. Campbell^[22]
• 1966-1968, William Edward Fox^[22]
• 1968-1970, Gordon E. Taylor^[22]
• 1970-1972, Dr V. Barocas
• 1972-1974, N.J. Goodman
• 1974-1976, H.G. Miles
• 1976-1978, H.B. Ridley
• 1978-1980, J.L. White
• 1980-1982, Cdr H.D. Howse
• 1982-1984, Sir Patrick Moore
• 1984-1986, Heather Couper
• 1986-1987, S. Dunlop
• 1987-1989, Cdr H.R. Hatfield
• 1989-1991, Colin A. Ronan
• 1991-1993, Dr John Mason
• 1993-1995, Dr Richard McKim
• 1995-1997, Maurice Gavin
• 1997-1999, Martin Mobberley
• 1999-2001, Dr Nick Hewitt
• 2001-2003, Guy Hurst
• 2003-2005, Tom Boles
• 2005-2007, Dr Richard Miles
• 2007-2009, Roger Pickard
• 2009-2011, Dr David Boyd
• 2011-2013, Prof Bill Leatherbarrow
• 2013-, Mrs Hazel McGee

See also

• List of astronomical societies

References

• History of Astronomy: An Encyclopedia, Routledge, 1996, ISBN 1-55002-208-3 
• Sidgwick, J. B. (1981), Amateur astronomer's handbook, Dover Publications, ISBN 0-486-24034-7 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Astronomical Association.

• BAA website

Video clips

• BAA YouTube channel