Brazeau River

Brazeau River
The Brazeau River in Banff National Park
Origin	Cataract Pass 52°13′57″N 117°03′38″W / 52.23250°N 117.06056°W / 52.23250; -117.06056
Mouth	North Saskatchewan River 52°55′03″N 115°13′45″W / 52.91750°N 115.22917°W / 52.91750; -115.22917
Basin countries	Alberta  Canada
Length	210 km (130 mi)
Source elevation	2,240 m (7,350 ft)
Mouth elevation	820 m (2,690 ft)

The Brazeau River is a river in western Alberta, Canada. It is a major tributary of the North Saskatchewan River.

The river was named for Joseph Brazeau, a linguist associated with the Palliser Expedition.^[1]

Course

The river originates in the heights of the Canadian Rockies from the Brazeau Lake (which is fed by creeks that flow from the Coronet Glacier and Queen Elisabeth Ranges) and flows east through the Rocky Mountains foothills until it merges into the North Saskatchewan River between Drayton Valley and Rocky Mountain House at Brazeau Forks.

The upper course runs eastwards from Jasper National Park into the Brazeau Canyon Wildland park. The O'Chiese Indian Reserve is established at the confluence with Nordegg River.

The total length of the river is 210 km (130 mi). The river, and various other local geographic features, were named after Joseph Brazeau, a Missouri-born fur trader working for the Hudson's Bay Company in the area between 1852-1864.^[2]

Hydroelectric Development

The Brazeau Dam Power Plant

The Brazeau River has long been seen as a potential site for hydroelectric power generation. The earliest scheme to harness the power of the river was hatched in 1913 and involved a dam and storage on Brazeau Lake. The potential power generation was estimated at 5,000 to 10,000 kVA, and power would have been transmitted to Edmonton and Calgary, both roughly 400 kilometres from the generator (this was a relatively ambitious plan: long-distance transmission was not common at the time). The plan was scuttled after the discovery of a large underflow at Brazeau Lake, precluding its use as a storage facility.^[3]

The 99 square kilometres (38 sq mi) Brazeau Reservoir was created on the lower course through the construction of the Brazeau Dam. Its hydroelectric power plant is Alberta's largest with a capacity of 355 MW and an annual production of about 394,000 MW·h of electrical energy.^[1]

An unusual feature of this hydroelectric development commissioned in 1965 is a pump system capable of lifting water from the reservoir into the 20 km long canal leading to the power plant so that it can operate at low reservoir water levels.

Tributaries

The Brazeau from Alberta Highway 40

• Boulder Creek
• Four Point Creek
• Brazeau Lake
  • John-John Creek
• Upper Longview Lake
• Job Creek
  • Whisker Creek, Whisker Lakes, Job Lake, Leah Lake, Samson Lake
• Isaac Creek
• Race Creek

A control structure at the Brazeau Reservoir

• Southesk River
  • Southesk Lake
• Thistle Creek
  • Chimney Creek
• Marshybank Creek
  • Marshybank Lake
• Canyon Creek
• Moosehound Creek
• Cardinal River
• Blackstone River
• Elk River
• Nordegg River

See also

• Geography of Alberta
• List of Alberta rivers

References

Hydrography of Alberta Rivers Athabasca Battle Beaver Bow Brazeau Crowsnest Elbow Hay Little Bow Milk North Saskatchewan Oldman Peace Pembina Red Deer Slave Smoky South Saskatchewan Waterfalls Athabasca Bow Bridal Veil Crescent Crypt Elbow Panther Sunwapta Lakes Athabasca Beaverhill Bistcho Claire Cold La Biche Lesser Slave Pigeon Ste. Anne Sylvan Utikuma Wabamun Reservoirs Abraham Barrier Brazeau Chestermere Kananaskis McGregor Minnewanka Glenmore Milk River Ridge Sikome Gleniffer Glaciers Athabasca Bow Columbia Icefield Crowfoot Hector Peyto Saskatchewan Vulture Wapta Waputik Icefield Other Hay-Zama Wetlands Peace–Athabasca Delta Whooping Crane Summer Range (wetlands)