Bonne projection

Bonne projection of the world, standard parallel at 45°N.
World map by Bernard Sylvanus, 1511

A Bonne projection is a pseudoconical equal-area map projection, sometimes called a dépôt de la guerre or a Sylvanus projection. Although named after Rigobert Bonne (1727–1795), the projection was in use prior to his birth, in 1511 by Sylvano, Honter in 1561, De l'Isle before 1700 and Coronelli in 1696. Both Sylvano and Honter’s usages were approximate, however, and it is not clear they intended to be the same projection.[1]

The projection is:

x = \rho \sin E\,
y = \cot \varphi_1 - \rho \cos E\,

where

\rho = \cot \varphi_1 + \varphi_1 - \varphi\,
E = \frac {(\lambda - \lambda_0) \cos \varphi} {\rho}

and φ is the latitude, λ is the longitude, λ0 is the longitude of the central meridian, and φ1 is the standard parallel of the projection.[2]

Parallels of latitude are concentric circular arcs, and the scale is true along these arcs. On the central meridian and the standard latitude shapes are not distorted.

The inverse projection is given by:

\varphi = \cot \varphi_1 + \varphi_1 - \rho\,
\lambda = \lambda_0 + \rho \{ \arctan [ x / ( \cot \varphi_1 - y)] \} / \cos \varphi

where

\rho = ± [ x^2 + ( \cot \varphi_1 - y)^2 ]^{1/2}

taking the sign of \varphi_1.

Special cases of the Bonne projection include the sinusoidal projection, when φ1 is zero, and the Werner projection, when φ1 is π/2. The Bonne projection can be seen as an intermediate projection in the unwinding of a Werner projection into a Sinusoidal projection; an alternative intermediate would be a Bottomley projection[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Flattening the Earth: Two Thousand Years of Map Projections, John P. Snyder, 1993, pp. 60–62, ISBN 0-226-76747-7
  2. ↑ Map Projections - A Working Manual, USGS Professional Paper 1395, John P. Snyder, 1987, pp. 138–140
  3. ↑ Between the Sinusoidal projection and the Werner: an alternative to the Bonne, Henry Bottomley 2002

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bonne projection.