Body-focused repetitive behavior
Body-Focused Repetitive Behavior (BFRB) is an umbrella name for impulse control[1] behaviors involving compulsively damaging one's physical appearance or causing physical injury.[2]
The main BFRB disorders are:[3]
- Trichotillomania, compulsive hair pulling
- Onychophagia, compulsive nail biting
- Excoriation disorder, compulsive skin picking
- Trichotemnomania, compulsive hair cutting
BFRB disorders can also include Dermatophagia (compulsive skin biting), biting the insides of the cheeks, lip picking, blemish squeezing, and Rhinotillexomania (compulsive nose picking).[2] BFRB disorders are not generally considered obsessive-compulsive disorders.[3]
Causes
The cause of BFRBs is unknown. Emotional variables may have a differential impact on the expression of BFRBs.[4] Researchers are investigating a possible genetic component.[1][5]
Onset
BFRBs most often begin in late childhood or in the early teens.[2]
Prevalence
BFRBs are among the most poorly understood, misdiagnosed, and undertreated groups of disorders.[6] BFRBs may affect at least 1 out of 20 people.[2] Trichotillomania alone is believed to affect 6 million people in the United States.[7]
Treatment
Treatment can include behavior modification therapy, medication, and family therapy.[1][2]
See also
- Stereotypic movement disorder
- Rhythmic Movement Disorder
- Body dysmorphic disorder
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Scientific Advances in Trichotillomania and Related Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors, November 4, 2004, National Institute of Mental Health
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 AAMFT Consumer Update - Hair Pulling, Skin Picking and Biting: Body-Focused Repetitive Disorders, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Trichotillomania (TTM) & Related Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs), The Center for Emotional Health of Greater Philadelphia
- ↑ Teng et al. (2004), "Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors: The Proximal and Distal Effects of Affective Variables on Behavioral Expression", Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
- ↑ ABC News 20/20 Hair Pulling, 2006
- ↑ Families & Health, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy
- ↑ Diefenbach, G.J., Reitman, D. & Williamson, D.A., (2000). "Trichotillomania: A challenge to research and practice". Clinical Psychology Review 20 (20): 289–309. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(98)00083-X. PMID 10779896.
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