Bleecker Street Cinema

Looking east

The Bleecker Street Cinema was an art house movie theater located at 144 Bleecker Street in Manhattan, New York City. It became a landmark of Greenwich Village and an influential venue for filmmakers and cinemaphiles through its screenings of foreign and Independent films. It closed in 1990, reopened as a gay adult theater for a time afterward, then again briefly showed art films until closing for good in 1991.

History

The building at 144 Bleecker Street in New York City's Greenwich Village that would eventually house the Bleecker Street Cinema was originally built in 1832 as two rowhouses at 144 and 146 Bleecker Street. Placido Mori converted 144 into the restaurant Mori in 1883.[1] As architecture historian Christopher Gray wrote,

At some point, [Placido] Mori befriended a novice architect, Raymond Hood, gave him a house tab and an apartment upstairs and in 1920 had him design a new facade for the building to include 146 Bleecker. Hood gave the buildings a row of Doric columns across the first floor, imitation Federal lintels over the windows and a setback penthouse studio.[1]

Mori closed in 1937. The building remained unoccupied until 1944 when political and activist organizations including Free World House headquartered there for two years. Sometime afterward, the space became the Restaurant Montparnasse.[1] By 1959, the building was owned by New York University.[2]

Filmmaker and social activist Lionel Rogosin founded the 200-seat Bleecker Street Cinema in 1960 in order to exhibit his controversial 1959 film Come Back, Africa.[3][4] In the early 1960s, the independent-filmmakers' group The Film-Makers' Cooperative, of which Rogosin was a supporter, showed experimental movies there as midnight screenings.[5] Soon the venue became, in the words of film critic and historian James Hoberman, one of "three key revival houses: The New Yorker, the Bleecker Street [Cinema], and the Thalia", in New York City during the 1950s and 1960.[6]

Film critic Rudy Franchi, at one time the theater's program director, recalled that the house cat, Breathless, named for that Godard film,[7] would often "escape from the office area and start to climb the movie screen. ... I would sometimes get a buzz on the house phone from the projection booth with the terse message 'Cat's on the screen.'"[8] The theater cat at the venue's 1990 closing was named Wim, after director Wim Wenders.[2]

Sid Geffen purchased the theater in 1973[2] or 1974,[3] and ran it with his wife, then named Jackie Raynal.[2] That same year, Geffen bought the Carnegie Hall Cinema, housed in the famed music hall.[6] Future October Films co-founder and United Artists studio executive Bingham Ray began his film career in 1981 as a manager and programmer at the theater,[9] and longtime Film Forum programmer and film historian Bruce Goldstein had his first New York theater job at Geffen's two venues.[10] Geffen died in 1986.[11] 171 seats, and the 78-seat James Agee Room.[12]

Bleecker Street Cinema, 1980s

In 1990, his widow, by then remarried and named Jackie Raynal-Sarré,[13] said that because Geffen left no will, she partnered with developer John Souto to buy out Geffen's children from a previous marriage.[2] She further said that Souto, after renting to her for four years for $160,000 annually, raised the rent to $275,000, more than the theater could sustain. Following a lawsuit and court proceedings, a judge ordered the two co-owners to bid on the building. "We came in with [a] $3.3 million [bid] and he came in with $3.4 million," Raynal-Sarré said.[2] In its final configuration, it had a main auditorium of The theater closed on September 6, 1990. The last film to start was Aki Kaurismäki's 74-minute Ariel, and the last film to end was the nearly two-hour Jesus of Montreal.[2] The last film in the James Agee Room was Roger Stigliano's Fun Down There.[11] By November of that year, it had reopened as a gay adult-film theater.[1] Sometime afterward it returned to its art-house roots and then closed a final time on Monday night, September 2, 1991. Its final features were Alex van Warmerdam's Dutch comedy Voyeur; the documentary Jimi Hendrix at the Isle of Wight; Ari Roussimof's war-veteran drama Shadows in the City; and Francis Teri's horror movie Suckling.[12] The theater's final operator was Nick Russo Nicolaou.[12]

Influence and legacy

The foreign and independent-film programming of the Bleecker Street Cinema helped inspire future filmmakers and contributed to the cinematic education of film historians, critics and academics. As one historian wrote,

Sid Geffen was one of a series of men who made a huge difference in film history through their exhibition choices in New York City. Geffe, who ran the Bleecker Street Cinema in the crucial years of the late seventies and early eighties, along with Amos Vogel and Fabiano Canosa, significantly affected the course of film history.[14]
Former Bleecker Street Cinema site, October 2008

François Truffaut was a frequent visitor to the Bleecker Street Cinema (as were other New Wave directors) and the famed scene in La Peau Douce where the professor wanders in back of a cinema screen was inspired by a tour of the theater's back stage during a film performance. The cavernous office area of the theater (which in later years was converted to a second theater) was also the unofficial headquarters of the pro politique des auteurs crowd of critics. In his review of Jonathan Demme's The Truth About Charlie, Andrew Sarris stated that "not to mention the dedication of the film to the late Ted Demme and Marshall Lewis, one of the two guys in the back of the Bleecker Street Cinema (the other was Rudy Franchi) with whom I spent many convivial hours of Francophilia and cinephilia. After all that, how can I pretend to be objective about Mr. Demme’s labor of love?"

The back office was also the publishing home of NY Film Bulletin, a publication that was the first to translate the writings of Truffaut and others into English. It is credited with introducing the auteur theory to the U.S. through the writings of such critics as Sarris and a two-part interview with Truffaut on the politique. The second part of that interview was done at the Bleecker Street Cinema..

Over a period time in the later 1960s-early 1970s, the extended lobby also operated as a gallery, hosting recurring exhibits of new artist's works (painting, drawings, small sculptures, etc.).

In popular culture

Several scenes in Desperately Seeking Susan 1985) were shot there, as one of the characters (Dez, played by Aidan Quinn) works there as a projectionist.[15] In Woody Allen's 1989 Crimes and Misdemeanors, the character played by filmmaker-star Allen visits the Bleecker Street Cinema to see Alfred Hitchcock's Mr. and Mrs. Smith and the 1943 musical Happy Go Lucky.[15] It also appears in the film The Prince of Tides.[2]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Gray, Christopher (November 4, 1990). "Streetscapes: The Bleecker Street Cinema; The 'Lost' Frescoes of an Artist-Soldier". The New York Times. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Lovece, Frank (September 8, 1990). "The Last Picture Show: Bleecker Street Cinema at End of 31-Year Reel". New York Post. Archived from the original on November 22, 2014. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Rogosin, Lionel (2007). "The Building of an Alternate Cinema". Lionel Rogosin (official site). Archived from the original on October 5, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013. While some sources give 1962, founder Rogosin states the theater opened in 1960.
  4. ↑ Modisane, Litheko (2013). South Africa's Renegade Reels: The Making and Public Lives of Black-Centered Films. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 41. ISBN 978-1137027023.
  5. ↑ Pierson, Michele; James, David E.; Arthur, Paul, eds. (2011). "Introduction". Optic Antics: The Cinema of Ken Jacobs. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 21 (footnote 30). ISBN 978-0195384970.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hoberman, James (December 29, 1975). "The Movie Freak's Guide to Film in New York". New York. p. 73.
  7. ↑ Daugherty, Tracy (2009). Hiding Man: A Biography of Donald Barthelme. St. Martin's Press. p. 230. ISBN 978-0312378684.
  8. ↑ Daugherty, p. 231
  9. ↑ Vanairsdale, S.T. (January 23, 2012). "Bingham Ray, Indie Legend and Sundance Regular, Dead at 57". Movieline.com. Archived from the original on January 24, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  10. ↑ Tallmer, Jerry (March 24–30, 2004). "Film Forum programmer has had an award-winning run". The Villager 73 (47) (Greenwich Village). Archived from the original on June 30, 2004. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Yarrow, Andrew L. (August 17, 1990). "Another Prized Theater for Art Films Is Closing". The New York Times. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Honan, William H. (August 28, 1991). "Bleecker Street Cinema Closing". The New York Times. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
  13. ↑ Per Lovece, New York Post, she was married to psychologist Jean-Paul Sarré; they appear together in Gérard Courant's 1986 short film "Jackie Raynal and Jean-Paul Sarré" from the filmmaker's "Couples" series. Per Jackie Raynal's official site(Archived on November 22, 2014), she later married real-estate businessman and film producer Joseph J.M. Saleh, and became known as Jackie Raynal-Saleh.
  14. ↑ Rick, B. Ruby (1998). Chick Flicks: Theories and Memories of the Feminist Film Movement. Duke University Press. p. 105. ISBN 978-0822321217.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Alleman, Richard (2005). New York: The Movie Lover's Guide: The Ultimate Insider Tour of Movie New York. Broadway. p. 256. ISBN 978-0767916349.

External links

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Coordinates: 40°43′41″N 73°59′58″W / 40.72799°N 73.99943°W