Blackboard Jungle

Blackboard Jungle

Theatrical release poster
Directed by Richard Brooks
Produced by Pandro S. Berman
Written by Richard Brooks
Based on Blackboard Jungle 
by Evan Hunter
Starring Glenn Ford
Anne Francis
Louis Calhern
Sidney Poitier
Music by Max C. Freedman, Jimmy DeKnight (song "Rock Around the Clock") (uncredited), Willis Holman (song “Blackboard Jungle”), Jenny Lou Carson (song "Let Me Go, Lover!" (uncredited)
Cinematography Russell Harlan, ASC
Edited by Ferris Webster
Distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (1955, original) Warner Bros. (2005, DVD)
Release dates
  • March 19, 1955
Running time
 101 minutes
Country United States
Language English
Budget $1,168,000[1]
Box office $8,144,000[1]

Blackboard Jungle is a 1955 social commentary film about teachers in an inner-city school. It is based on the novel of the same name by Evan Hunter.

Plot

Richard Dadier (Glenn Ford) is a new teacher at North Manual High School, an inner-city school where many of the pupils, led by student Gregory Miller (Sidney Poitier), frequently engage in anti-social behavior. Dadier makes various attempts to engage the students' interest in education, challenging both the school staff and the pupils. He is subjected to violence as well as duplicitous schemes; he first suspects Miller, but later realizes that Artie West (Vic Morrow) is the perpetrator, and challenges him in a classroom showdown.

Cultural impact

Music and teen culture

The film marked the rock and roll revolution by featuring Bill Haley & His Comets' "Rock Around the Clock",[2] initially a B-side, over the film's opening credits (with a lengthy drum solo introduction, unlike the originally released single), as well as in the first scene, in an instrumental version in the middle of the film, and at the close of the movie, establishing that song as an instant classic. The record had been released the previous year, gaining only limited sales. But, popularized by its use in the film, "Rock Around the Clock" reached number one on the Billboard charts, and remained there for eight weeks.

In some theaters, when the film was on first release, the song was not heard at all at the beginning of the film because rock and roll was considered a bad influence. Despite this, other instances of the song were not cut.

The music led to a large teenage audience for the film, and their exuberant response to it sometimes overflowed into violence and vandalism at screenings.[3] In this sense, the film has been seen as marking the start of a period of visible teenage rebellion in the latter half of the 20th century.

The film marked a watershed in the United Kingdom and was originally refused a cinema certificate before being passed with heavy cuts. When shown at a South London Cinema in Elephant and Castle in 1956 the teenage Teddy Boy audience began to riot, tearing up seats and dancing in the aisles.[4] After that, riots took place around the country wherever the film was shown.[5] In 2007, the Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture published an article that analyzed the film's connection to crime theories and juvenile delinquency.[6]

In March 2005, the 50th anniversary of the release of the film and the subsequent upsurge in popularity of rock and roll, was marked by a series of "Rock Is Fifty" celebrations in Los Angeles and New York City, involving the surviving members of the original Bill Haley & His Comets. The film was released on DVD in North America on May 10, 2005 by Warner Home Video.

Cast

This was the debut film for Campos, Morrow and Farah, and one of Poitier's earliest. Farah later changed his name to Jamie Farr (Cpl. Klinger from M*A*S*H TV series.)

Box Office

According to MGM records the film earned $5,292,000 in the US and Canada and $2,852,000 elsewhere resulting in a profit of $4,392,000.[1]

Awards

1955 Academy Award Nominations:

Honors

In 2010, Turner Classic Movies (TCM) listed the soundtrack of the movie on its list of the Top 15 Most Influential Movie Soundtracks of all time. TCM described the impact and the influence of the movie:

MGM brought Hollywood into the rock'n'roll era with BLACKBOARD JUNGLE. In search of the kind of music teens like the film's potential delinquents were listening to, director Richard Brooks borrowed a few records from star Glenn Ford's son Peter. When he heard Bill Haley and his Comets perform 'Rock Around the Clock,' he found the perfect theme song -- the first rock song ever used in a Hollywood feature. Teens flocked to the film, dancing in theatre aisles as the song played over the opening credits. Parents may have been shocked by such uninhibited behavior, but things got worse when screenings also inspired violence and vandalism around the world. Thanks to BLACKBOARD JUNGLE, the song hit number one on the Billboard charts, eventually selling 25 million copies and becoming what Dick Clark called 'The National Anthem of Rock’n’ Roll.'[8]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
  2. ↑ Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 5 - Hail, Hail, Rock 'n' Roll: The rock revolution gets underway. [Part 1]" (AUDIO). Pop Chronicles. Digital.library.unt.edu.
  3. ↑ Leopold, Todd. "The 50-year-old song that started it all". CNN.com. Retrieved August 15, 2006.
  4. ↑ Gelder, Ken; Sarah Thornton (1997). The Subcultures Reader. Editors. Routledge. p. 401. ISBN 0-415-12727-0.
  5. ↑ Cross, Robert J. "The Teddy Boy as Scapegoat" (PDF). Doshisha University Academic Depsitory. p. 22.
  6. ↑ http://www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/vol14is4/McCarthy.pdf
  7. ↑ "NY Times: Blackboard Jungle". NY Times. Retrieved 2008-12-22.
  8. ↑ TCM List of the Top 15 Most Influential Movie Soundtracks

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Blackboard Jungle.