Black triggerfish

Black triggerfish

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Tetraodontiformes
Family:	Balistidae
Genus:	Melichthys
Species:	M. niger
Binomial name
*Melichthys niger* (Bloch, 1786)

The black triggerfish or black durgon (Melichthys niger), called Humuhumu'ele'ele in Hawaiian, is a blimp-shaped triggerfish with bright white lines running along its dorsal and anal fins. When in the water, it appears to be completely black. However, if it is taken out and exposed to bright light, one can see that it is actually of a dark-blue/green coloration.

These are not to be confused with their cousins, the Indian Triggerfish or Black-finned Triggerfish (Melichthys indicus), which are often mistaken as being black triggerfish within the trade. The Indian triggerfish has never been found near Hawaii, but bears a striking resemblance to the black triggerfish because of the similar shape and coloration.

Range

Circumtropical. Hawaii, up through Polynesia, westward to the East Indies and across the Indian Ocean. The Black triggerfish is also located around the southern coast of Africa. Although, the Black triggerfish is commonly found in the Indo Pacific and Red Sea.

Habitat

School of black triggerfish near Waikiki

This species is found in open waters, shallows, and exposed reefs, 5–35 metres (16–115 feet) Seems to prefer inland/shores in the Ascension island region where they are strangely prolific.

Size

On average, 12 inches, although it can grow to be up to 18 inches.

Diet

Omnivorous. Feeds upon small fish and squid. Shrimp, zooplankton, algae, and other marine plant life.

A study conducted in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago of the southwest Atlantic Ocean, revealed the feces and vomit of Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) formed part of the diet of twelve species of reef fish from seven different families. The most prolific consumer was the black durgon, which could even discern the postures dolphins assumed prior to voiding and positioned themselves for effective feeding. All these offal eating fish species are recorded plankton eaters and it is considered that this type of feeding may represent a change in its usual diet, ie drifting plankton.^[1]

References

↑ Sazima, Ivan; Sazima, Cristina & Silva, José Martins (2003). "The cetacean offal connection: Feces and vomits of spinner dolphins as a food source for reef fishes". Bulletin of Marine Science (abstract) (Miami) 72 (1). Retrieved 26 April 2015.