Black college football national championship
The black college football national championship is a mythical national championship won by the best black college football team(s) in the United States of America. There has been some criticism of this title on the grounds that the schools in the various polls compete in different levels of competition (e.g. Division II vs. the FCS level of Division I).[1]
Attempts have been made over the years to determine a non-mythical national champion with an actual football game contested by leading teams amongst historically black colleges and universities in the United States. The Orange Blossom Classic was often billed as such a game, but Florida A&M, as its annual host, was guaranteed a spot in this game and was not always of national championship-caliber each year that it was played between 1933 and 1978. The Pelican Bowl, a bowl game that pitted the conference champions from the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) and the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC), was one such example, but this venture failed to draw enough attendance and lasted only a few years in the 1970s. Similarly, the Heritage Bowl was played in the 1990s featuring teams from the MEAC and SWAC, but this bowl game has not been held since 1999 and was often snubbed by the conference champions in lieu of the NCAA's then-Division I-AA playoffs. The two conferences had also been in negotiations concerning the creation of the "Legacy Bowl," with hopes for it to begin with the 2011 postseason, but it has yet to materialize.
It is worth noting that while black national champions have been crowned regularly in football for nearly a century now, the concept has never fully caught on with other sports. Men's basketball briefly had a similar movement at one point. In 1941, Southern, coached by the famed football coach Ace Mumford, defeated North Carolina Central, 48-42, in the National Invitational Intercollegiate Basketball Tournament. This tournament was held because the National Invitational Tournament would not invite majority black schools at the time. With the South's black population isolated from segregated Atlantic Coast and Southeastern Conference schools, the NIIBT showcased a very high level of playing talent. In more recent years, BlackCollegeBaseball.com named several black national champions for baseball, including North Carolina A&T and Southern jointly in 2005 and Prairie View in 2006. Bethune-Cookman also defeated Alcorn State in a special postseason series in 2011.
Selectors
Selector | Years |
Pittsburgh Courier (PC) | 1920–1980 |
American Sports Wire (ASW) | 1990–2007, 2012 |
Edd Hayes Black College Sports Reports (EHBCS) | 1984–1995 |
Sheridan Broadcasting Network (SBN) | 1981–Present |
BoxToRow Media Poll and Coaches Poll (BTR) | (M)2007–Present (C)2009–Present |
Champions
Year | Champion(s) | Record | Coach | Selector(s) |
1920 | Howard | 7–0 | Edward Morrison | PC |
Talladega | 5–0–1 | Jubie Bragg | PC |
1921 | Talladega | 6–0–1 | Jubie Bragg | PC |
Wiley | 7–0–1 | Jason Grant | PC |
1922 | Hampton | 6–1 | Gideon Smith | PC |
1923 | Virginia Union | 6–0–1 | Harold Martin | PC |
1924 | Tuskegee | 9–0–1 | Cleveland L. Abbott | PC |
Paul Quinn | 8–0–1 | Harry Long | PC |
1925 | Howard | 6–0–2 | Louis Watson | PC |
Tuskegee | 8–0–1 | Cleveland L. Abbott | PC |
1926 | Howard | 7–0 | Louis Watson | PC |
Tuskegee | 10–0 | Cleveland L. Abbott | PC |
1927 | Bluefield State | 8–0–1 | Harry Jefferson | PC |
Tuskegee | 9–0–1 | Cleveland L. Abbott | PC |
1928 | Bluefield State | 8–0–1 | Harry Jefferson | PC |
Wiley | 8–0–1 | Fred T. Long | PC |
1929 | Tuskegee | 10–0 | Cleveland L. Abbott | PC |
1930 | Tuskegee | 11–0–1 | Cleveland L. Abbott | PC |
1931 | Wilberforce | 9–0 | Harry Graves | PC |
1932 | Wiley | 9–0 | Fred T. Long | PC |
1933 | Morgan State | 9–0 | Edward P. Hurt | PC |
1934 | Kentucky State | 9–0 | Henry Kean | PC |
1935 | Texas College | 9–0 | Ace Mumford | PC |
1936 | Virginia State | 7–0–2 | Harry Jefferson | PC |
West Virginia State | 8–0 | Adolph Hamblin | PC |
1937 | Morgan State | 7–0 | Edward P. Hurt | PC |
1938 | Florida A&M | 8–0 | Bill Bell | PC |
1939 | Langston | 9–0 | Caesar Felton Gayles | PC |
1940 | Morris Brown | 9–1 | Artis Graves | PC |
1941 | Morris Brown | 8–1 | Billy Nicks | PC |
1942 | Florida A&M | 9–0 | Bill Bell | PC |
1943 | Morgan State | 5–0 | Edward P. Hurt | PC |
1944 | Morgan State | 6–1 | Edward P. Hurt | PC |
1945 | Wiley | 10–0 | Fred T. Long | PC |
1946 | Morgan State | 8–0 | Edward P. Hurt | PC |
Tennessee State | 10–1 | Henry Kean | PC |
1947 | Shaw | 10–0 | Brutus Wilson | PC |
Tennessee State | 10–0 | Henry Kean | PC |
1948 | Southern | 12–0 | Ace Mumford | PC |
1949 | Morgan State | 8–0 | Edward P. Hurt | PC |
Southern | 10–0–1 | Ace Mumford | PC |
1950 | Florida A&M | 8–1–1 | Jake Gaither | PC |
Southern | 10–0–1 | Ace Mumford | PC |
1951 | Morris Brown | 10–1 | Edward "Ox" Clemons | PC |
1952 | Florida A&M | 8–2 | Jake Gaither | PC |
Lincoln | 8–0–1 | Dwight Reed | PC |
Texas Southern | 10–0–1 | Alexander Durley | PC |
Virginia State | 8–1 | Sylvester "Sal" Hall | PC |
1953 | Prairie View | 12–0 | Billy Nicks | PC |
1954 | Florida A&M | 8–1 | Jake Gaither | PC |
Prairie View | 10–1 | Billy Nicks | PC |
Southern | 10–1 | Ace Mumford | PC |
Tennessee State | 10–1 | Henry Kean | PC |
1955 | Grambling State | 10–0 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
1956 | Tennessee State | 10–0 | Howard C. Gentry | PC |
1957 | Florida A&M | 9–0 | Jake Gaither | PC |
1958 | Prairie View | 10–0–1 | Billy Nicks | PC |
1959 | Florida A&M | 10–0 | Jake Gaither | PC |
1960 | Southern | 9–1 | Ace Mumford | PC |
1961 | Florida A&M | 10–0 | Jake Gaither | PC |
1962 | Jackson State | 10–1 | John Merritt | PC |
1963 | Prairie View | 10–1 | Billy Nicks | PC |
1964 | Prairie View | 9–0 | Billy Nicks | PC |
1965 | Tennessee State | 9–0–1 | John Merritt | PC |
1966 | Tennessee State | 10–0 | John Merritt | PC |
1967 | Grambling State | 9–1 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
Morgan State | 8–0 | Earl Banks | PC |
1968 | Alcorn State | 9–1 | Marino Casem | PC |
North Carolina A&T | 8–1 | Hornsby Howell | PC |
1969 | Alcorn State | 8–0–1 | Marino Casem | PC |
1970 | Tennessee State | 11–0 | John Merritt | PC |
1971 | Tennessee State | 9–1 | John Merritt | PC |
1972 | Grambling State | 11–2 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
1973 | Tennessee State | 10–0 | John Merritt | PC |
1974 | Alcorn State | 9–2 | Marino Casem | PC |
Grambling State | 11–1 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
1975 | Grambling State | 10–2 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
1976 | South Carolina State | 10–1 | Willie Jeffries | PC |
1977 | Florida A&M | 11–0 | Rudy Hubbard | PC |
Grambling State | 10–1 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
South Carolina State | 9–1–1 | Willie Jeffries | PC |
1978 | Florida A&M | 12–1 | Rudy Hubbard | PC |
1979 | Tennessee State | 8–3 | John Merritt | PC |
1980 | Grambling State | 10–2 | Eddie Robinson | PC |
1981 | South Carolina State | 10–3 | Bill Davis | SBN |
1982 | Tennessee State | 9–0–1 | John Merritt | SBN |
1983 | Grambling State | 8–1–2 | Eddie Robinson | SBN |
1984 | Alcorn State | 9–1 | Marino Casem | SBN |
1985 | Jackson State | 8–3 | W. C. Gorden | SBN |
1986 | Central State | 10–1–1 | Billy Joe | SBN |
1987 | Central State | 10–1–1 | Billy Joe | SBN |
1988 | Central State | 11–2 | Billy Joe | SBN |
1989 | Central State | 10–2 | Billy Joe | SBN |
1990 | Central State | 11–1 | Billy Joe | SBN |
North Carolina A&T | 9–2 | Bill Hayes | ASW |
1991 | Alabama State | 11–0–1 | Houston Markham | ASW, SBN |
1992 | Grambling State | 10–2 | Eddie Robinson | ASW, SBN |
1993 | Howard | 11–1 | Steve Wilson | SBN |
Southern | 11–1 | Pete Richardson | ASW |
1994 | Hampton | 10–1 | Joe Taylor | ASW, SBN |
1995 | Southern | 11–1 | Pete Richardson | ASW, SBN |
1996 | Howard | 10–2 | Steve Wilson | ASW, SBN |
1997 | Southern | 11–1 | Pete Richardson | ASW, SBN |
1998 | Florida A&M | 11–2 | Billy Joe | ASW, SBN |
1999 | North Carolina A&T | 11–2 | Bill Hayes | ASW, SBN |
2000 | Grambling State | 10–2 | Doug Williams | ASW |
Tuskegee | 12–0 | Rick Comegy | SBN |
2001 | Grambling State | 10–1 | Doug Williams | ASW, SBN |
2002 | Grambling State | 11–2 | Doug Williams | ASW, SBN |
2003 | Southern | 12–1 | Pete Richardson | ASW, SBN |
2004 | Hampton | 10–2 | Joe Taylor | ASW, SBN |
2005 | Grambling State | 11–1 | Melvin Spears | SBN |
Hampton | 11–1 | Joe Taylor | ASW |
2006 | Hampton | 10–2 | Joe Taylor | ASW |
North Carolina Central | 11–1 | Rod Broadway | SBN |
2007 | Tuskegee | 12–0 | Willie Slater | SBN |
Delaware State | 10–2 | Al Lavan | ASW |
2008 | Grambling State | 11–2 | Rod Broadway | SBN |
2009 | South Carolina State | 10–2 | Oliver Pough | SBN |
2010 | Albany State | 11–1 | Mike White | SBN |
Bethune-Cookman University | 10–2 | Brian Jenkins | Boxtorow [2] |
2011 | Winston-Salem State | 13–1 | Connell Maynor | SBN |
2012 | Winston-Salem State | 14–1 | Connell Maynor | SBN |
Arkansas-Pine Bluff | 10–2 | Monte Coleman | ASW [3] |
2013 | Tennessee State | 10–4 | Rod Reed | SBN |
Bethune-Cookman University | 10–3 | Brian Jenkins | Boxtorow [4] |
2014 | Alcorn State University | 10–3 | Jay Hopson | SBN |
National championships by school
School | Championships | Years |
Grambling State | 14 | 1955, 1967, 1972, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1992, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2008 |
Tennessee State | 12 | 1946, 1947, 1954, 1956, 1965, 1966, 1970, 1971, 1973, 1979, 1982, 2013 |
Florida A&M | 11 | 1938, 1942, 1950, 1952, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1977, 1978, 1998 |
Southern | 9 | 1948, 1949, 1950, 1954, 1960, 1993, 1995, 1997, 2003 |
Tuskegee | 8 | 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1929, 1930, 2000, 2007 |
Morgan State | 7 | 1933, 1937, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1949, 1967 |
Alcorn State | 5 | 1968, 1969, 1974, 1984, 2014 |
Central State | 5 | 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990 |
Hampton | 5 | 1922, 1994, 2004, 2005, 2006 |
Howard | 5 | 1920, 1925, 1926, 1993, 1996 |
Prairie View | 5 | 1953, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1964 |
South Carolina State | 4 | 1976, 1977, 1981, 2009 |
Wiley | 4 | 1921, 1928, 1932, 1945 |
Jackson State | 3 | 1962, 1985, 1996 |
Morris Brown | 3 | 1940, 1941, 1951 |
North Carolina A&T | 3 | 1968, 1990, 1999 |
Bethune-Cookman University | 2 | 2010, 2013 |
Winston-Salem State | 2 | 2011, 2012 |
Albany State | 1 | 2010 |
Arkansas-Pine Bluff | 1 | 2012 |
Delaware State | 1 | 2007 |
North Carolina Central | 1 | 2006 |
Paul Quinn | 1 | 1924 |
References