Black-capped tinamou
| Black-capped tinamou | |
|---|---|
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Tinamiformes |
| Family: | Tinamidae |
| Subfamily: | Tinaminae |
| Genus: | Crypturellus |
| Species: | C. atrocapillus |
| Binomial name | |
| Crypturellus atrocapillus Tschudi 1844[2] | |
| Sub-species | |
|
C. a. atrocapillus | |
The black-capped tinamou (Crypturellus atrocapillus) is a type of tinamou commonly found in the moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions.
Taxonomy
All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.[3]
The black-capped tinamou has two subspecies as follows:
- C. a. atrocapillus, nominate race, occurs in the lowlands of southeastern Peru.[4]
- C. a. garleppi in the lowlands of northern Bolivia.[4]
Etymology
Crypturellus is formed from three Latin or Greek words. kruptos meaning covered or hidden, oura meaning tail, and ellus meaning diminutive. Therefore Crypturellus means small hidden tail.[5]
Description
The black-capped tinamou is approximately 28 to 30 cm (11–12 in) in length. Its upper-parts are brown, mottled and barred blackish, throat and neck are rufescent, breast is dark grey, and the remainder of underparts are cinnamon to buff. Its cap is blackish and legs could be pale red or bright red. The females are more heavily barred above.
Behavior
Like other tinamous, the black-capped eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.[3]
Range and habitat
It is found in moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions up to 900 m (3,000 ft) altitude.[6] This species is native to southeastern Peru and northern Bolivia.[4] Has recently been recorded in Brazil[7]
Conservation
It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 120,000 km2 (46,000 sq mi).[6] It is rated as Near Threatened status by the IUCN[1][8]
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 BirdLife International (2012). "Crypturellus atrocapillus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Brands, S. (2008)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Clements, J (2007)
- ↑ Gotch, A. F. (1195)
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 BirdLife International (2008)(a)
- ↑ BORGES, L. H. (2013). [WA1036257, Crypturellus atrocapillus (Tschudi, 1844)]. Wiki Aves - A Enciclopédia das Aves do Brasil. . Retrieved August 18, 2013
- ↑ "Recently recategorised species". Birdlife International (2012). Retrieved 9 June 2012.
References
- BirdLife Species Factsheet
- Brands, Sheila (August 14, 2008). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Crypturellus atrocapillus". Project: The Taxonomicon. Retrieved Feb 4, 2009.
- Clements, James (2007). The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World (6 ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4501-9.
- Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Tinamous". In Hutchins, Michael. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2 ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 57–59. ISBN 0-7876-5784-0.
- Gotch, A. F. (1995) [1979]. "Tinamous". Latin Names Explained. A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals. New York, NY: Facts on File. p. 183. ISBN 0-8160-3377-3.