Bill Nelson (musician)

Bill Nelson

[Toronto], 22 October 1977
Background information
Birth name William Nelson
Born 18 December 1948
Wakefield, Yorkshire, England
Genres Experimental rock, art rock, new wave, post-punk, ambient experimental music
Occupation(s) Musician, songwriter, artist, writer
Instruments Vocals, guitar, keyboards, drums, bass, percussion
Years active 1970–present
Labels EMI, Enigma, CBS, Cocteau Records, Twentythree Records, Populuxe Records, Sonoluxe
Associated acts Be-Bop Deluxe, Red Noise, John Cooper Clarke, A Flock Of Seagulls, Monsoon, Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO), Yukihiro Takahashi, Masami Tsuchiya, Culturemix, Joe Hisaishi, Gary Numan, Skids, Fiat Lux, The Revox Cadets, Orchestra Arcana, David Sylvian, Channel Light Vessel, Nautilus Pompilius, Harold Budd, Fila Brazillia, Bill Nelson and the Lost Satellites, Bill Nelson and his Lighthouse Signal Mechanism Orchestra, Orchestra Futura, Bill Nelson and the Gentlemen Rocketeers, Matt Howarth, Reeves Gabrels
Website http://www.billnelson.com/
Notable instruments
Gibson ES-345[1]
Fender Stratocaster[2]
Yamaha SG 2000

Bill Nelson (born William Nelson, 18 December 1948, Wakefield, West Riding of Yorkshire, England)[3] is an English guitarist, songwriter, producer, painter, video artist, writer and experimental musician. He currently lives in York.

Career

Born to Walter Nelson, a musician, he also had a brother who was involved in music: Ian (1956–2006) collaborated on the Be-Bop Deluxe song "Ships in the Night" and formed the band Fiat Lux. Ian also played on the 1978 Red Noise album Sound-on-Sound and with the 2004 touring band Bill Nelson and the Lost Satellites.

1970s

Nelson was educated at the Wakefield College of Art, where he developed an interest in the work of poet and filmmaker Jean Cocteau. At this time, he was also developing as a musician, drawing upon Duane Eddy as a primary guitar influence.

His first record was a brief contribution on the album A-Austr: Musics from Holyground, with Brian Calvert, Chris Coombs, Ted Hepworth, Mike Levon and Brian Wilson. Levon recorded and produced the album which appeared on Levon's own Holyground Records label in 1970. After that, Nelson appeared in a much more substantial role with Lightyears Away on Astral Navigations released in 1971. On one track, "Yesterday", written by Coombs, Levon recorded Nelson's lead guitars in an acid rock style, supporting Coombs' stylophone riff. This track also gave Nelson his first airplay by John Peel[3] on his national BBC Radio 1 programme in the United Kingdom. Nelson's Holyground recordings were released in February 2001 as Electrotype.

The same year, Nelson's debut solo album Northern Dream, released on his own independent Smile label, drew further attention from Peel which eventually led to Nelson's band Be-Bop Deluxe signing to EMI's Harvest Records subsidiary and releasing Axe Victim in 1974. Nelson replaced the original band members for Futurama in 1975. The lineup of Bill Nelson (guitar), Andrew Clark (keyboards), Charlie Tumahai (bass) and Simon Fox (drums) recorded Sunburst Finish and Modern Music in 1976, the live album Live! In The Air Age in 1977 and their final studio album Drastic Plastic in 1978.

However, Nelson found the structure of a permanent band constricting. "Visions Of Endless Hopes" on Drastic Plastic was an instrumental played by Nelson on acoustic guitar and Clark on keyboards which anticipated the ambient, instrumental strand of Nelson's later work. For some other tracks on that album, Nelson had Fox record drum parts which Nelson then used as loops to form repeating drum backing tracks (Fox performed these songs on the subsequent tour physically playing these repeating patterns as a regular, rock band drummer.) This sowed the seeds for later experimentation by Nelson. 1983's Invisibility Exhibition tour would see Bill Nelson (guitar) and Ian Nelson (sax) improvise to the former's self-produced backing audio (and video) tracks (later released as the Chamber of Dreams album), an approach Nelson would repeat for many solo live performances throughout his career. Playing guitar over pre-recorded backing tracks would bear further fruit in Nelson's later studio recordings, notably 2007's And We Fell into A Dream.

In Autumn 1978, Nelson halted the Be-Bop Deluxe project and replaced the name with the moniker Red Noise (releasing the Sound-on-Sound album in February, 1979). Harvest, who had insisted the possessive Bill Nelson's prefix what they took to be a band name, refused to release the second Red Noise album Quit Dreaming And Get On The Beam which was largely recorded by Nelson with contributions on sax from his brother Ian rather than the more-obviously marketable, five-piece band Harvest's execs had understandably expected. It remained unreleased in record company limbo.[4]

1980s

Nelson's manager Mark Rye negotiated with Harvest to buy back some of the unreleased songs for Nelson to release under his own name on his own label, Cocteau Records, which Nelson and Rye had set up. Consequently, in July 1980, Nelson was able to release the single "Do You Dream in Colour?", which after airplay on BBC Radio 1 reached No. 52 in the UK Singles Chart.[5] This debut release on the label persuaded Phonogram to acquire the remaining tracks for Cocteau in order to release Quit Dreaming And Get On The Beam as a Bill Nelson album on their subsidiary label Mercury Records in 1981. The release contained bonus disc Sounding The Ritual Echo (Atmospheres for Dreaming) featuring experimental, ambient instrumentals which Nelson had recorded privately at his home. Subsequent Mercury releases included The Love That Whirls, which included a bonus disc of Nelson's soundtrack for The Yorkshire Actors' stage production of Jean Cocteau's 1946 film La Belle et la Bête/{{nowrap|Beauty and the Beast}}. Nelson had already contributed music (and released it under the title Das Kabinet'' on Cocteau) to the same company's similar adaptation of Robert Weine's 1920 silent film classic {{nowrap|The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari}}.

Freed from the demands of a mainstream, commercial record company, Nelson released considerable quantities of singles and LPs on Cocteau throughout the decade, much of it by himself but also a number of singles by other artists, notably Last Man In Europe, A Flock Of Seagulls, The Revox Cadets, Richard Jobson, Q (16), Fiat Lux, Man Jumping and Yukihiro Takahashi. The more ambitious Cocteau releases included the 4-LP box set of experimental electronic music Trial by Intimacy (The Book of Splendours) and the later ambient 2-LP collection Chance Encounters in the Garden of Lights, which contained music informed by Nelson's Gnostic beliefs. In 1989, he released the 4-CD box set Demonstrations of Affection.

He was hired by British synthpop artist Gary Numan to produce his 1983 album Warriors, with Numan claiming that Bill Nelson was his "favourite guitar player, bar none." However, the two musicians failed to maintain a working relationship, and ultimately Nelson chose not to be credited for his production role on the album. Nelson also contributed towards several tracks on David Sylvian's Gone to Earth (1986).

Nelson had bad luck with major record labels in the 1980s. A deal with CBS Records' Portrait imprint went sour, leaving the one album Getting the Holy Ghost Across (US title: On a Blue Wing) with further tracks from that album's sessions issued on the UK mini-LP Living for the Spangled Moment. In the late 1980s, Nelson signed to Enigma Records who went out of business, although they had just re-released his entire Cocteau catalogue.

As the decade ended, Nelson suffered a series of personal setbacks, including a divorce, tax problems and an acrimonious dispute with his manager over his back catalogue rights. In the case of one album, the unreleased Simplex, Nelson discovered his manager had been selling copies via mail order without Nelson's authorisation or knowledge; Nelson claims he never received any royalties from these sales.[6]

1990s

In 1992, Nelson released Blue Moons And Laughing Guitars on Virgin which consisted of demos for a proposed four guitarists, two drummers band which never materialised. "This is what I do behind locked doors," he wrote on the sleeve, prefiguring much of his later, home recorded work including My Secret Studio (4-CD + 2-CD) and Noise Candy (6-CD). In the same year, Nelson worked with Roger Eno and Kate St. John as producer (with Roger Eno) on the duo's album The Familiar, on which Nelson also played guitar and other instruments. This experience fortuitously not only sowed the seeds of Eno's, Nelson's and St.John's participation in the 'ambient supergroup' Channel Light Vessel, which also featured Laraaji and Mayumi Tachibana, but also introduced Nelson to Voiceprint Records, whose subsidiary labels[7] included All Saints and Resurgence, both of which would release a number of CLV and Nelson releases over the next few years.

In 1995, Nelson released two very different albums. Crimsworth (Flowers, Stones, Fountains And Flames) was an ambient piece which had provided the soundscape to an art installation. Practically Wired, or How I Became... Guitarboy! was a return to guitar based instrumental music, something Nelson had barely touched for the previous decade and a half.

In 1996, Nelson augmented his sound with drum and bass for After The Satellite Sings, credited as a major influence on David Bowie's Earthling album by Bowie's then guitarist Reeves Gabrels.

By 1996, Nelson's troubles with his former manager were resolved in a lawsuit which enabled Nelson to recover much of his back catalogue.[6] The fully authorised Simplex was subsequently released in 2001 by Lenin Imports and reissued in 2012 by Esoteric.

In the late 1990s, Nelson created the Populuxe label, with a distribution arrangement via Robert Fripp's Discipline Global Mobile, but his relationship with them stagnated and Nelson's last release on that label was Atom Shop in 1998. Subsequent releases have been on other imprints such as Toneswoon as well as direct mail order (and later internet order) releases.

2000s

2002 saw the release of EP Three White Roses and a Budd (with Fila Brazillia and Harold Budd) on Twentythree Records. The same year Nelson released Astral Motel, the first CD release available at his annual Nelsonica event in West Yorkshire at which he also staged rare, solo, public performances. In 2003, he released a second Nelsonica CD Luxury Lodge plus two further releases, The Romance of Sustain Volume One: Painting With Guitars and Plaything. Since then, Nelson has released an average of four albums a year, often in small runs which soon go out of print. He has accomplished this using his own series of branded record labels: Almost Opaque then Discs Of Ancient Odeon for the Nelsonica releases; Universal Twang then Sonoluxe for the others. (Nelson's Sonic Masonic imprint lasted for only one release, 2004's Satellite Songs.)

Nelson's in-house releasing was made possible by the financial backing of Sound on Sound magazine, whose website hosts his online shop[8] and is named after Red Noise's Sound-on-Sound album.[9][10] In 2004, the magazine also put up the money for Nelson to take his band Bill Nelson and the Lost Satellites on tour around the UK as The Be Bop Deluxe And Beyond Tour.[10]

Freed once again from the scheduling and homogeneous branding constraints of commercial record companies, the ever-prolific Nelson pursued numerous different artistic directions. Two Rosewood releases contained acoustic guitar pieces "submitted to electronic and digital processing." The highly personal The Alchemical Adventures Of Sailor Bill was a concept album about the English coastline, ships and the sea, while its more ambient, instrumental companion piece Neptune's Galaxy comprised five long form instrumental compositions exploring the same subject. Most of the decade's remaining albums were non-vocal and lead electric guitar-oriented. Improvisation against pre-recorded backing tracks played a major role in And We Fell Into A Dream while the very different Theatre Of Falling Leaves eschewed lead guitar in favour of keyboards. The decade closed with more voice-based material as Nelson crooned through Golden Melodies Of Tomorrow, delivered more familiar rock and ballad vocals on Fancy Planets and delved into romantic songwriting in The Dream Transmission Pavilion.

In the first half of the decade, Nelson published his collected online diaries from 1999-2003 under the moniker diary of a hyperdreamer. The last ten years of this diary remain on his official website to this day. He also gave extensive interviews to biographer Paul Sutton Reeves for a book, the publication of which was put on hold for around two years when publisher Sean Body died. Music In Dreamland Bill Nelson & Be Bop Deluxe finally appeared in 2008.

In the second half of the decade, Nelson's live performances (mostly at the Nelsonica events) broadened out from solo work to encompass two other bands. One was the improvisational, three-piece Orchestra Futura consisting of Nelson, Dave Sturt (bass) and Theo Travis (assorted woodwind, brass). (The duo of Sturt and Travis already played together as Cipher.) The other was the more conventional rock oriented, seven-piece Bill Nelson and the Gentlemen Rocketeers (again including Sturt and Travis) which played songs with vocals from the extensive Nelson/Be-Bop Deluxe back catalogue.

By 2006, Universal Music (UK) had re-issued three Mercury albums: Quit Dreaming and Get on the Beam, The Love that Whirls and Chimera had all been remastered and released with bonus tracks. Sonoluxe had reissued the CBS album Getting the Holy Ghost Across / On a Blue Wing with all the original tracks including those from Living for the Spangled Moment.

2010s

In 2010, Nelson published the first part of an autobiography.

In March 2011, motivated by a desire to capture the flavour of recent gigs on film for posterity via DVD release, Bill Nelson and the Gentlemen Rocketeers played a concert of songs spanning Nelson's career before a live audience in front of in-house cameras at Metropolis Studios, London. Dissatisfied with the resultant sound mix, Nelson remixed it himself at his own expense. Using Nelson's remix, ITV Studios Home Entertainment released a DVD of the event. This initial release quickly sold out. A promised television broadcast of the recording only materialised in a few selected territories, excluding the UK. The video and audio recording has subsequently been reissued on other formats including CD and LP. However, having signed away his rights to these recordings, Nelson has made no money on these releases.

In 2011, Cherry Red Records' subsidiary Esoteric Recordings commenced a roll-out re-release of Nelson's back catalogue for many of his releases between 1981 and 2002 with the 8-CD compilation The Practice of Everyday Life which covered 40 years of recordings. Other notable reissues have included the 4-CD The Book Of Splendours and the 6-CD Noise Candy. The Esoteric deal did not involve a rights buyout, so Nelson is properly compensated for these reissues.

In 2013, Nelson finally began releasing his out of print CD back catalogue from 2002 onwards as digital downloads via Bandcamp.

In addition to his numerous solo releases of recent years, Nelson has also made both film soundtracks and a number of collaborative recordings with other artists. In 2010, he released the soundtrack to the US TV documentary American Stamps as Picture Post while in 2014, he released the soundtrack to UK director Daisy Asquith's paean to cycling Velorama (a tie in with the 2014 Tour de France cycle race which went through Yorkshire) as Pedalscope. In 2012, Nelson finally completed The Last of the Neon Cynics, a long standing project with comic artist Matt Howarth: the latter supplied a comic (a PDF file) while the former provided a soundtrack to it. In 2014, he collaborated with fellow guitarist Reeves Gabrels (who has also worked with David Bowie and The Cure) on Fantastic Guitars.

In 2014, Nelson suffered a complete hearing loss in his right ear. This put a stop to any plans for playing live (and by extension Nelsonica events built around live performance) for the foreseeable future. Yet he continued to record and release music despite this disability. The first album to be affected was Quiet Bells. According to Nelson's sleeve notes, "to slowly adjust to this problem, I decided to make an album that features mainly guitar, a gentle collection of instrumentals in a neo-minimalist, ambient style."

2014 also saw Nelson honoured by Wakefield Council with a Hollywood-style star on the city’s walk of fame.

Discography

Albums

  • Northern Dream (1971) Smile
  • Axe Victim (1974) (Be-Bop Deluxe) Harvest
  • Futurama (1975) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Harvest
  • Sunburst Finish (1976) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Harvest
  • Modern Music (1976) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Harvest
  • Live! In The Air Age (1977) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Harvest
  • Drastic Plastic (1978) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Harvest
  • The Best of and the Rest Of (1978) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Harvest
  • Sound-on-Sound (February 1979) Harvest
  • Quit Dreaming And Get on the Beam (1981) Mercury
  • Sounding The Ritual Echo (Atmospheres for Dreaming) (1981) Mercury
  • Das Kabinet (1981) Cocteau
  • The Love That Whirls (Diary of a Thinking Heart) (1982) Mercury
  • La Belle et la Bête (1982) Mercury
  • Chimera (1983) Mercury
  • Savage Gestures For Charm's Sake (1983) Cocteau
  • The Two-Fold Aspect of Everything (1984) Cocteau
  • Trial by Intimacy (The Book of Splendours) - The Summer of God's Piano (1985) Cocteau
  • Trial by Intimacy (The Book of Splendours) - Chamber Of Dreams (Music from the Invisibility Exhibition) (1985) Cocteau
  • Trial by Intimacy (The Book of Splendours) - Pavilions of the Heart And Soul (1985) Cocteau
  • Trial by Intimacy (The Book of Splendours) - A Catalogue of Obsessions (1985) Cocteau
  • Chameleon (The Music of Bill Nelson) (1985) Themes International Music
  • Getting The Holy Ghost Across (1986) Portrait
  • Living for the Spangled Moment (1986) Portrait
  • On A Blue Wing (1986) US version of Getting The Holy Ghost Across - different cover, slightly different track listing Portrait
  • Iconography (1986) [Orchestra Arcana] Cocteau
  • Map of Dreams (1987) Cocteau
  • Chance Encounters in the Garden of Lights - The Angel at the Western Window (1987) Cocteau
  • Chance Encounters in the Garden of Lights - The Book of Inward Conversation (1987) Cocteau
  • Optimism (1988) [Orchestra Arcana] Cocteau
  • Demonstrations of Affection - Chimes And Rings (1989) Cocteau
  • Demonstrations of Affection - Nudity (1989) Cocteau
  • Demonstrations of Affection - Heartbreakland (1989) Cocteau
  • Demonstrations of Affection - Details (1989) Cocteau
  • Simplex (1990) Cocteau
  • Altar Pieces (1990) limited edition audio cassette The Orpheus Organisation
  • Luminous (1991) Imaginary
  • Blue Moons & Laughing Guitars (1992) Virgin
  • Automatic (1994) [Channel Light Vessel] All Saints
  • Radioland (1994) [Be-Bop Deluxe] BBC Radio 1 live in concert 1976 Windsong
  • Crimsworth (Flowers, Stones, Fountains And Flames) (1995) Resurgence
  • Practically Wired or how I became…Guitarboy! (1995) All Saints
  • My Secret Studio Volume I - Buddha Head (1995) Resurgence
  • My Secret Studio Volume I - Electricity Made Us Angels (1995) Resurgence
  • My Secret Studio Volume I - Deep Dream Decoder (1995) Resurgence
  • My Secret Studio Volume I - Juke Box For Jet Boy (1995) Resurgence
  • After The Satellite Sings (1996) Resurgence
  • Excellent Spirits (1996) [Channel Light Vessel] All Saints
  • Confessions of a Hyperdreamer: My Secret Studio Volume II - Weird Critters (1997) Populuxe
  • Confessions of a Hyperdreamer: My Secret Studio Volume II - Magnificent Dream People (1997) Populuxe
  • Atom Shop (1998) Discipline Global Mobile
  • Tramcar To Tomorrow (1998) [Be-Bop Deluxe] John Peel BBC Radio 1 Sessions 1974-8 Hux
  • Whistling While The World Turns (2000) Lenin Imports
  • Electrotype - The Holyground Recordings 1968-1972 (2001) Holyground
  • Tremulous Antenna (2002) [Be-Bop Deluxe] Radioland remastered Hux
  • Noise Candy - Old Man Future Blows The Blues (2002) Toneswoon
  • Noise Candy - Stargazing With Ranger Bill (2002) Toneswoon
  • Noise Candy - Sunflower Dairy Product (2002) Toneswoon
  • Noise Candy - King Frankenstein (2002) Toneswoon
  • Noise Candy - Console (2002) Toneswoon
  • Noise Candy - Playtime (2002) Toneswoon
  • Caliban and the Chrome Harmonium (2002) Almost Opaque
  • Astral Motel (2002) Nelsonica convention CD Almost Opaque
  • Whimsy (2003) Fabled Quixote
  • Whimsy Two (A Garage Full of Clouds) (2003) Fabled Quixote
  • The Romance of Sustain Volume One: Painting With Guitars (2003) Universal Twang
  • Luxury Lodge (2003) Nelsonica convention CD Almost Opaque
  • Plaything (2003) Universal Twang
  • Dreamland To Starboard (2004) Universal Twang
  • Custom Deluxe (2004) Universal Twang
  • Satellite Songs (2004) Sonic Masonic
  • Wah-Wah Galaxy (2004) Nelsonica convention CD Almost Opaque
  • Rosewood: Ornaments And Graces For Acoustic Guitar Volume One (2005) Sonoluxe
  • Rosewood: Ornaments And Graces For Acoustic Guitar Volume Two (2005) Sonoluxe
  • Orpheus in Ultraland (2005) Nelsonica convention CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • The Alchemical Adventures of Sailor Bill (2005) a coastal song suite by [Bill Nelson and his Lighthouse Signal Mechanism Orchestra] Sonoluxe
  • Neptune's Galaxy (2006) Sonoluxe
  • Return To Jazz of Lights (2006) Sonoluxe
  • Arcadian Salon (2006) Nelsonica convention CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • Gleaming Without Lights (2006) Sonoluxe
  • Secret Club For Members Only (2007) Nelsonica convention CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • And We Fell into A Dream (2007) Sonoluxe
  • Silvertone Fountains (2008) Sonoluxe
  • Illuminated at Dusk (2008) Sonoluxe
  • Mazda Kaleidoscope (2008) Sonoluxe
  • Clocks & Dials (2008) Nelsonica convention double CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • Golden Melodies of Tomorrow (2008) Sonoluxe
  • Fancy Planets (2009) Sonoluxe
  • Here Comes Mr Mercury (2009) Sonoluxe
  • The Dream Transmission Pavilion (2009) Nelsonica convention CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • Theatre of Falling Leaves (2009) Sonoluxe
  • Non-Stop Mystery Action (2009) Sonoluxe
  • Picture Post (2010) Sonoluxe
  • Modern Moods For Mighty Atoms (2010) Blue Shining Fountain Records
  • Captain Future's Psychotronic Circus (2010) Nelsonica convention CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • Fables And Dreamsongs (2010) Sonoluxe
  • Fantasmatron (2011) Sonoluxe
  • Hip Pocket JukeBox (2011) The Art School Ascended on Vapours of Roses art exhibition/concert CD
  • Signals From Realms of Light (2011) Sonoluxe
  • Model Village (2011) Sonoluxe
  • Songs of the Blossom Tree Optimists (2012) Sonoluxe
  • The Last of the Neon Cynics (2012) Enhanced CD includes PDF file of graphic novel by Matt Howarth Sonoluxe
  • Joy Through Amplification (2012) Sonoluxe
  • Return To Tomorrow (2012) Nelsonica convention CD Discs of Ancient Odeon
  • The Palace of Strange Voltages (2012) Sonoluxe
  • The Dreamshire Chronicles (2012) Sonoluxe
  • Blip! (2013) Sonoluxe
  • Blip!2 - The Tremulous Doo-Wah-Diddy (2013) Blip! Launch Party CD Sonoluxe
  • Albion Dream Vortex (2013) Sonoluxe
  • The Sparkle Machine (2013) Sonoluxe
  • Pedalscope (2014) Sonoluxe
  • Fantastic Guitars (2014) with Reeves Gabrels Sonoluxe
  • Stereo Star Maps (2014) Sonoluxe
  • Shining Reflector (2014) Sonoluxe
  • Quiet Bells (2015) Sonoluxe
  • Swoons And Levitations (2015) Sonoluxe

Singles

albums as Producer

Compilation albums

Compilation singles

DVDs

Bibliography

References

  1. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions about Bill Nelson". Billnelson.com. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
  2. ↑ "Drastic Plastic" booklet
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Strong, Martin C. (2000). The Great Rock Discography (5th ed.). Edinburgh: Mojo Books. pp. 683–685. ISBN 1-84195-017-3.
  4. ↑ Robbins, Ira (1984). "Bill Nelson - Autodiscography". Billnelson.com.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 389. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Judgement - Nelson v. Rye". Ucc.ie. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
  7. ↑ "Voiceprint Labels". Retrieved 4 July 2011.
  8. ↑ "Sound on Sound Bill Nelson Shop". 2003. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  9. ↑ Humberstone, Nigel (1995). "Bill Nelson: Guitar Boy In Wonderland". Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "BILL NELSON: Be-Bop Deluxe And Beyond Tour". 2004. Retrieved 30 April 2015.

External links