Bibio (fly)

Bibio
Bibio johannis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Bibionidae
Subfamily: Bibioninae
Genus: Bibio
Geoffroy, 1762
Type species
Tipula hortulanus
Linnaeus, 1758
Species

see text

Synonyms

Bibio, march flies or St. Mark's flies, is a genus of flies (Diptera).

Biology

Bibio larvae grow up in grassy areas and are herbivores and scavengers feeding on dead vegetation or living plant roots. Some species are found in compost.[1]

In some areas, Bibio flies are regular flower visitors and they are suggested to be pollinators of several plant species,[2][3] such as the Heracleum sphondylium and Hieracium pilosella.[4]

Species

  • B. abbreviatus Loew, 1864
  • B. albipennis Say, 1823
  • B. alexanderi James, 1936
  • B. alienus McAtee, 1923
  • B. anglicus Verrall, 1869
  • B. anposis Hardy, 1968
  • B. articulatus Say, 1823
  • B. atripilosa James, 1936
  • B. baltimoricus Macquart, 1855
  • B. brunnipes (Fabricius, 1794)
  • B. bryanti Johnson, 1929
  • B. carolinus Hardy, 1945
  • B. carri Curran, 1927
  • B. castanipes Jaennicke, 1867
  • B. clavipes Meigen, 1818
  • B. cognatus Hardy, 1937
  • B. columbiaensis Hardy, 1938
  • B. curtipes James, 1936
  • B. edwardsi Freeman & Lane, 1985
  • B. elmoi Papp, 1982
  • B. femoralis Meigen, 1838
  • B. femoratus Wiedemann, 1820
  • B. ferruginatus (Linnaeus, 1767)
  • B. flavissimus Brunetti, 1925
  • B. fluginata Hardy, 1937
  • B. flukei Hardy, 1937
  • B. fraternus Loew, 1864
  • B. fulvicollis Gimmerthal, 1842
  • B. fumipennis Walker, 1848
  • B. gineri Gil Collado, 1932
  • B. graecus Duda, 1930
  • B. handlirschi Duda, 1930
  • B. holtii McAtee, 1922
  • B. hortulanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • B. hybridus Haliday, 1833
  • B. illaudatus Hardy, 1961
  • B. imitator Walker, 1835
  • B. imparilis Hardy, 1959
  • B. johannis (Linnaeus, 1767)
  • B. kansensis James, 1936
  • B. knowltoni Hardy, 1937
  • B. labradorensis Johnson, 1929
  • B. lanigerus Meigen, 1818
  • B. laufferi Strobl, 1906
  • B. lautaretensis Villeneuve, 1925
  • B. lepidus Loew, 1871
  • B. leucopterus (Meigen, 1804)
  • B. lobata Hardy, 1937
  • B. longipes Loew, 1864
  • B. macer Loew, 1871
  • B. marci (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • B. melanopilosus Hardy, 1936
  • B. mickeli Hardy, 1937
  • B. monstri James, 1936
  • B. necotus Hardy, 1937
  • B. nigrifemoratus Hardy, 1937
  • B. nigripilus Loew, 1864
  • B. nigriventris Haliday, 1833
  • B. obediens Osten Sacken, 1881
  • B. painteri James, 1936
  • B. pallipes Say, 1823
  • B. picinitarsis Brulle, 1832
  • B. pingreensis James, 1936
  • B. plecioides Osten Sacken, 1881
  • B. pomonae (Fabricius, 1775)
  • B. reticulatus Loew, 1846
  • B. rufalipes Hardy, 1937
  • B. rufipes (Zetterstedt, 1838)
  • B. rufithorax Wiedemann, 1828
  • B. rufitibialis Hardy, 1938
  • B. sericata Hardy, 1937
  • B. siculus Loew, 1846
  • B. siebkei Mik, 1887
  • B. sierrae Hardy, 1960
  • B. similis James, 1936
  • B. slossonae Cockerell, 1909
  • B. striatipes Walker, 1848
  • B. tenella Hardy, 1937
  • B. thoracicus Say, 1824
  • B. townesi Hardy, 1945
  • B. tristis Williston, 1893
  • B. utahensis Hardy, 1937
  • B. varipes Meigen, 1830
  • B. velcida Hardy, 1937
  • B. velorum McAtee, 1923
  • B. venosus (Meigen, 1804)
  • B. vestitus Walker, 1848
  • B. villosus Meigen, 1818
  • B. xanthopus Wiedemann, 1828
  • B. xuthopteron Hardy, 1968
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

References

  1. ↑ Freeman, Paul; Lane, Richard P. (1985). "Bibionid and Scatopsid flies, Diptera: Bibionidae & Scatopsidae". Handbooks for the identification of British insects 9 (7). London: Royal Entomological Society of London. p. 74.
  2. ↑ Peter Goldblatt, John C. Manning and Peter Bernhardt (July 2005). "The Floral Biology of Melasphaerula (Iridaceae: Crocoideae): Is This Monotypic Genus Pollinated by March Flies (Diptera: Bibionidae)?". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 92 (2): 268–274. doi:10.2307/3298518 (inactive 2015-04-23). JSTOR 3298518. INIST:16975891.
  3. ↑ Flies and FlowersFlies and flowers II: Floral attractants and rewards Woodcock et al. (2014) Journal of Pollination Ecology 12:63-94
  4. ↑ Van Der Kooi, C. J.; Pen, I.; Staal, M.; Stavenga, D. G.; Elzenga, J. T. M. (2015). "Competition for pollinators and intra-communal spectral dissimilarity of flowers". Plant Biology: n/a. doi:10.1111/plb.12328.