Battle of Rapallo

Battle of Rapallo
Part of the First Italian War
Date 5 September 1494 Location Rapallo, Republic of Genoa Result French victory[1]
Belligerents
France	Crown of Aragon
Commanders and leaders
Louis d'Orleans	Giulio Orsini
Strength
3,000 Swiss mercenaries Genoese-Milanese infantry	4,000 Neapolitan-Aragonese
Casualties and losses
	Giulio Orsini(Captured) Fregosino Campofregoso(Captured)

The Battle of Rapallo, was fought between Swiss mercenaries and their Genoese-Milanese allies led by Louis d'Orleans against Neapolitan-Aragonese forces led by Giulio Orsini on 5 September 1494 near Rapallo.^[2]

Rapallo was occupied by 4,000 Neapolitan troops on 3 September 1494 with Giulio Orsini, Obietto Fieschi and Fregosino Campofregoso in command, their plan being to force a rebellion in Genoa. Later the Neapolitan fleet was forced away by bad weather.^[2] On 5 September,^[3] Louis d'Orleans landed with 1,000 Swiss mercenary infantry which was later reinforced overland by 2,000 more Swiss mercenaries and a contingent of Genoese-Milanese infantry.^[2]

A skirmish broke out between the Swiss mercenaries and Neapolitan forces, though the terrain did not allow for the Swiss to form up their pike squares.^[2] However, the battle was mainly fought between the Genoese-Milanese and Neapolitan infantry.^[2] Following concentrated artillery fire from the French fleet, the Neapolitans were routed.^[2] The Swiss massacred Neapolitans trying to surrender,^[3] although Orsini and Campofregoso were captured in the retreat.^[2]

After the battle the Swiss mercenaries killed the enemy wounded and sacked the town of Rapallo.^[2] Though a small battle, it was seen as a significant victory which halted Neapolitan-Aragonese attempts to incite a rebellion in Genoa against the French.^[2]

Notes