Band-rumped storm petrel
- Madeiran Petrel redirects here. For Madeira Petrel (Pterodroma madeira), see Zino's Petrel
| Band-rumped storm petrel | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Procellariiformes |
| Family: | Hydrobatidae |
| Subfamily: | Hydrobatinae |
| Genus: | Oceanodroma |
| Species: | O. castro |
| Binomial name | |
| Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt, 1851) | |
The band-rumped storm petrel, Madeiran storm petrel, or Harcourt's storm petrel (Oceanodroma castro) is of the storm petrel family Hydrobatidae.
The band-rumped storm petrel is 19–21 cm in length with a 43–46 cm wingspan, and weighs 44–49 g. It is mainly black with an extensive white rump. Similar to Leach's storm petrel with the forked tail, long wings, and flight behaviour, but Leach's has a more forked tail and differently shaped white rump.
It breeds on islands in the warmer parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. These include the Azores and Madeira in the Atlantic, and the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific. It nests in colonies close to the sea in rock crevices and lays a single white egg. It spends the rest of the year at sea. They feed by picking up prey items (invertebrates, small vertebrates and sometimes carrion) from the water's surface. Occasionally, they make shallow dives, generally to 40–120 cm below the water's surface; a recorded maximum depth of 170 cm seems highly unlikely and is probably due to equipment malfunction.[2]
This storm petrel is strictly nocturnal at the breeding sites to avoid predation by gulls and skuas, and will even avoid coming to land on clear moonlit nights. Like most petrels, its walking ability is limited to a short shuffle to the burrow.
Recent discoveries of 'cold season' and 'warm season' populations, which use the same nest sites at different times of year, and also differ in terms of vocalisations and moult, may hint at the existence of two 'cryptic species' within the currently understood limits of the species. After population genetic analyzes of mtDNA the warm season population in the Azores have been recognized as a separate species, Monteiro's storm petrel.[3]
Footnotes
- ↑ BirdLife International (2013). "Oceanodroma castro". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ Bried, Joël (2005): Diving Ability of the Band-rumped Storm Petrel. Waterbirds 28(2): 162–166. DOI:10.1675/1524-4695(2005)028[0162:DAOTMS]2.0.CO;2 HTML abstract
- ↑ M. Bolton, A.L. Smith, E. Gomez-Diaz, V.L. Friesen, R. Medeiros, J. Bried, J.L. Roscales & R.W. Furness (2008) "Monteiro's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma monteiroi: a new species from the Azores" Ibis 150 (4): 717–727 doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00854.x
References
- Snow, D.W. & Snow, B.K. (1966). "The breeding season of the Band-rumped Storm Petrel (Oceanodromo castro) in the Galapagos." Ibis 108(2):283-284.
External links
- Madeira Birds - Madeira Storm-Petrel
- UMCP Galápagos 2004 - photos of birds at sea