Balasore

Balasore Baleswar
City
Nickname(s): Sand City of India Granary of Odisha
Balasore Location in Odisha, India
Coordinates: 21°29′N 86°56′E / 21.49°N 86.93°E / 21.49; 86.93Coordinates: 21°29′N 86°56′E / 21.49°N 86.93°E / 21.49; 86.93
Country	India
State	Odisha
District	Balasore
Elevation	16 m (52 ft)
Population (2011)
• City	118,202
• Metro	177,557
Languages
• Official	Oriya English
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	756001
Telephone code	06782
Vehicle registration	OD-01
UN/LOCODE	IN BLS
Website	baleswar.nic.in

Balasore is a strategically located city in the state of Odisha, about 194 kilometres (121 mi) north of the State capital Bhubaneswar, in eastern India. It is the administrative headquarters of Balasore district. It is best known for Chandipur beach. It is also the site of the Indian Ballistic Missile Defense Program's Integrated Test Range, located 18 km. south of Balasore. The Defence Research and Development Organisation developed many different missiles such as Nag, Brahmos, Agni Missile among others here.This is where famous freedom fighter Jatindranath Mukherjee also known as Bagha Jatin got injured and died fighting the British. The most spoken language in Balasore is Oriya.

History

Baleshwar district was part of the ancient Kalinga which later became a territory of Koshala or Utkal, till the death of Mukunda Dev. It was annexed by Moghuls in 1568 and remained as a part of their suzerainty up to the middle of eighteenth century (up to 1750–51). Then the Marathas occupied this part of Odisha and it became a part of the dominion of the Bhonsle Maratha Rajas of Nagpur. The East India Company ceded this part through a treaty called treaty of Deogaon in 1803 and it became a part of Bengal Presidency up to 1912. But the first English Settlement came into existence in Balasore region in 1634 while Sahajahan was the emperor at Delhi. The first of English factories was established in this region in 1640. The English settlement of Balasore, formed in 1642, was an early trading port for British, French and Dutch ships in the early age of Enlightenment and became a colonial part of first Danish India, later British India. In 1763 Balasore became a Danish possession, governed from Tranquebar, as part of Danish India. Due to the shallowness of its bay, the trading post was abandoned, leaving behind only a small settlement in the area. Balasore as a separate district was created in October 1828 while it was in the Bengal Presidency. On 7 November 1845, all Danish India was sold to the British, who made it part of British India. With the creation of Bihar Province, Odisha was diverted along with Balasore district from Bengal to Bihar. But with the creation of Odisha as a separate State on 1 April 1936 Balasore became an integral part of Odisha State. The national movement of independence surged ahead with the visit of Mahatma Gandhi in 1921. Similarly Praja Andolan was initiated against the ruler of Nilagiri State. The state of Nilagiri merged with state of Odisha in January 1948 and became a part of Balasore district. On 3 April 1993 Bhadrak sub-division became a separate district and from this day Balasore remains a district of Odisha with two Sub-divisions namely Balasore and Nilagiri having eight Tahasils, namely Balasore, Soro, Simulia, Nilagiri, Jaleswar, Basta, Baliapal and Remuna and 12 blocks namely Bhograi, Jaleswar, Baliapal, Basta, Balasore, Remuna, Nilagiri, Oupada, KHAIRA, Soro and Bahanaga. The name of the district is being derived from the name of the town.

Geography

Balasore is a town in the North of Odisha, which is a state in South Eastern India. The city has West Bengal in the north, and the Bay of Bengal to the East. Balasore is located at 21°30`N, 86°56`E. Balasore has an area of 3076 km². Balasore, the coastal district of Odisha is crisscrossed with perennial and estuarine rivers because of its proximity to the sea. Two important rivers of Odisha, Budhabalanga and Subarnarekha, pass through this district from west to east before flowing into the Bay of Bengal. There is widespread irrigation in Balasore district.

Climate

Climate data for Balasore
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	33.5 (92.3)	38.1 (100.6)	40.3 (104.5)	42.5 (108.5)	45.4 (113.7)	43.8 (110.8)	40.1 (104.2)	39.5 (103.1)	39.2 (102.6)	38.3 (100.9)	38.0 (100.4)	36.2 (97.2)	45.4 (113.7)
Average high °C (°F)	27.0 (80.6)	29.5 (85.1)	33.7 (92.7)	36.0 (96.8)	36.1 (97)	34.2 (93.6)	31.8 (89.2)	31.4 (88.5)	31.7 (89.1)	31.3 (88.3)	29.2 (84.6)	26.9 (80.4)	31.57 (88.83)
Average low °C (°F)	13.9 (57)	16.7 (62.1)	21.0 (69.8)	24.4 (75.9)	26.0 (78.8)	26.2 (79.2)	25.8 (78.4)	25.8 (78.4)	25.5 (77.9)	23.0 (73.4)	17.8 (64)	13.7 (56.7)	21.65 (70.97)
Record low °C (°F)	3.1 (37.6)	8.5 (47.3)	13.4 (56.1)	17.2 (63)	20.0 (68)	22.1 (71.8)	21.8 (71.2)	21.8 (71.2)	21.7 (71.1)	18.4 (65.1)	10.5 (50.9)	5.3 (41.5)	3.1 (37.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	17.0 (0.669)	36.3 (1.429)	39.4 (1.551)	54.8 (2.157)	108.6 (4.276)	233.4 (9.189)	297.9 (11.728)	318.3 (12.531)	275.8 (10.858)	184.0 (7.244)	41.6 (1.638)	6.5 (0.256)	1,613.6 (63.526)
Source: India Meteorological Department (1901-2000)[1]

Demographics

The population in 2011 is 156430 and is the 7th most populous city in Odisha. As of 2001 India census,^[2] Balasore had a population of 106,032. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Balasore has an average literacy rate of 88%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. It is also the most literate town of Odisha. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Overview

Balasore is a place of scenic beauty and a major tourist attraction, also because of its historical monuments, such as various temples in the area. There are a few hill ranges in the region too. It is 207 km north-east of Bhubaneswar by road.

Balasore Town has some good Hotels which provide decent accommodation with all Luxrious Facilities/amenities. (Hotel Meridian at Station Square, Hari Plaza in front of Ori Plast, Barjorjis Bhojan near F M Circle, Sawarnachuda, Kalinga, Panchajanya, Panthaniwas, Draupadi, Ramya, Suraj, Nishi and many more projects are in pipe line)

Balasore has been in use from 1989, but unlike Sriharikota, it is not used for launching satellites. The rocket launching site at Balasore is situated in a place named Chandipur. Chandipur is located on the Bay of Bengal. The Integrated Test Range in Chandipur, Balasore is responsible for carrying out tests for various missiles such as Agni, Prithvi, Trishul, etc. It is a great place to visit.

Economy

Balasore is the main town in the District of Balasore. The primary occupation of people in the district of Balasore is agriculture. Balasore district is mostly known for the cultivation of paddy, since rice is the staple cereal of the local people. The district has four major revenue sources – industries, agriculture, fishing and tourism. The main markets of Balasore are Nua Bazar, Motiganj, FM Square, Vivekanand Marg, Station Square, ITI Chakh, Kachehri Road, Town Hall and Nua ShahI.FM college chak Many shopping malls are also in the pipeline. Balasore is the pride of Odisha with respect to education. Balasore is the most literate town of Odisha, having a literacy rate of 88%. Balasore has some good MBA and engineering colleges. Education is, by far, the best in the State of Odisha.

Transport

Air

The nearest airport is Bhubaneshwar. Kolkata is approximately three and a half hours by train and approximately 4 to 5 hours by bus.

Rail

Balasore railway station is an important station on the Howrah-Chennai main line of the South Eastern Railway. The distance to Kolkata is approximately 232 km, while the distance to Bhubaneswar is about 208 km. A branch line to Baripada starts from Rupsa, near Balasore. Balasore is connected to all parts of India through trains.

Road

National Highway 5 and National Highway 60 pass through the city. A part of the Golden Quadrilateral project, this highway runs from Chennai to Kolkata. Intra-city transport comprises Cycle rickshaws and auto rickshaws. City buses ply in two routes in the city to join the different parts of the city. The bus terminus is at Sahadev Khunta and thousands of private buses ply to hundreds of destinations everyday.

Places of interest

Chandipur-on-sea is a seaside resort famous for its mile long beach. It is a unique beach – the tide comes to the shore only four times a day, at fixed intervals. At a distance of 30 km south-west is Panchalingeshwar, a temple and scenic spot high on a mountain. The presiding deity there, Shiva, cannot be seen. One has to touch and feel the statue as it is behind (submerged under) a waterfall. About 33 km south-west of Balasore, there is a town by name 'Santaragadia' that has a 'Biseswar temple' situated on a hill. The town is surrounded by hills on all sides. Nearby is 'Khulia' village, a settlement of aboriginals. Around 30 km south-east of Balasore is a port named 'Dhamra'.

Khirachora Gopinatha Temple, situated at Remuna, approximately 7 km from the main town of Balasore, was built by King Langula Narasimha Dev, who also built the famous temple at Konark. Khirochora Gopinath Temple is notable for its mythological story about how it was built there. The prashad of Krishna – the khira – is very famous. The Biranchinarayan Temple, Palia, "AstaDurga", "Bhudhar Chandi" are some other temples located in the region.

There is a Jagannatha Temple in Nilagiri^[3] which is one of the prominent Jagannatha temples of Odisha. Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra and Subhadra are worshipped here. Every year, Ratha Yatra is performed with all the deities.

Panchulingeswara Temple, is a temple near a picnic spot in Baleswar which is located 30 km from Balasore.^[4] There is a state tourism Pantha Nivas in Panchalingeswara for tourists. Panchalingeswara is surrounded by hills and forests. Branches of a natural spring flow through the hills, adding to the attraction of this place.

Bhujakhia Pir, situated at sunhat at the heart of the city is the tomb of Sufi saint Aasthana Sharif Hazrat Pir named as Bhujakhia Pir. The shrine of Baba Bhujakhia Pir of Balasore stands as a symbol of harmony between Muslim and Hindu. During the occasion of Urs, Crowd gathers at shrine comprises both Hindu and Muslims. This is an age-old tradition here. The legend tells that Aasthana Sharif Hazrat Pir, name afterwards as ‘Bhujakhia Pir’ had come to Odisha in the 16th century and devoted himself to the service of mankind, especially to the service of Cholera victims. The Pir was much fond of ‘Bhuja’ (Puffed rice), and he is remembered as Bhujakhia Pir. Since after his demise also he is remembered with respect and the shrine remained as place of worship for both communities since centuries.
It was the birthplace of linguist and novelist Fakir Mohan Senapati, social activist Lambodar Panda, creator of Oriya script and rebel against the British Raj, and poet Kabibar Radhanath Ray, noted for his poems on the beauty of Chilika Lake and rebel against the British Raj. He is born in Kedarpur (soro) near to village Budei.
Allama Abdul Rasheed Habibi, Balasore is also birthplace of this great personality, who is a former teacher of balasore Zilla High School.He is a beloved student of Hazrat Mujahide Millat,Dhamnaghar. Who doesn't compromise ever sunnah and religion things for world. He lives in a normal house which is located in balubazar near to golapokhar.

Culture and festivals

Balasore culture is a blend of traditional festivals, food, and music . The city offers a cosmopolitan and diverse lifestyle with a variety of food, entertainment, available in a form and abundance comparable to that in other cities. Balasore residents celebrate both Western and Indian festivals. Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, Navratri, Good Friday, Dussera, Moharram, Ganesh Chaturthi, Durga Puja, Rajaa and Maha Shivratri are some of the popular festivals in the city. The akhada Arts Festival during durga puja is a unique culture of balasore.

Festivals

• Dusshera, the festival of goddess Durga, is very popular in Balasore. Idols are worshipped in many streets and localities. In this city, Dussehra is famous for its idols, with localities trying to outsmart each other by constructing more attractive idols. Indeed, the whole city comes to a standstill on Astami, Navami and in Dashami burning of effigy of the demon Ravana (the eighth, ninth and tenth days of Dussehra) as people travel all over the city appreciating all the idols put forth by the neighbourhoods.
• Kali puja, Just after Durga puja gets over, balasore gear up with all their vigour to celebrate Kali puja. On the auspicious day of Diwali amidst the bursting of firecrackers.
• Kartikeshwar puja: The organized puja committees in charge of carrying out the worship of the deity of Balasore get ready for Kartikeswar Puja. Kartikeshwar is the eldest son of Lord Shiva.
• Kite flying is also celebrated with much enthusiasm and energy in the city. Kite-flying culminates with the Makar Sankranti, with kite-flying competitions being held all over the city.
• All the other regular Indian festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi, Vasant Panchami, Holi, Id, Good Friday, Rath Yatra, Diwali, Christmas and the numerous Hindu festivals are also celebrated.

Education

Balasore is the education hub of Northern Odisha with many Engineering Schools and the famous Fakir Mohan University, named after the renowned novelist Fakir Mohan Senapati, who hails from this town of Odisha.

Universities/Colleges

Schools

Sports and Entertainment

Cricket is the most popular sport in the city. Due to a shortage of grounds, various modified versions are played everywhere. The city is also represented by the Balasore Baghas in the Odisha Premier League. Apart from cricket, people here loved the game of football,volleyball & other sports.

• Theaters

Balasore has several cinemas playing films in Oriya, Hindi, and English languages. Some of the well-known theatres are Balasore Talkies, MoviEx, Oden, etc.

• Parks

Sand park at Gandhi smruti Bhawan and Baghajatin park at Phuladi is quite a large and nice park for spending your afternoons and evenings. It is also a popular destination for a mini-picnic.

Nursing homes and Hospitals in Balasore

Industrial and infrastructural development has boosted the healthcare market in Balasore and attracted healthcare corporate houses to set up base in the city. Balasore government hospital was the city's first hospital. The other healthcare facilities of repute are Jyoti Hospital, Kaushalaya Memorial Hospital, Durga Nursing Home, etc.

Politics

Current MLA from Balasore Assembly Constituency is Jeeban Pradeep Dash of BJD, who won the seat in State elections in 2009. He had won this seat earlier as a BJP candidate in 2000. Other previous MLAs from this seat were Arun Dey (NCP) who won this seat in 2004, Gopa Narayan Das of INC in 1985, and Kartik Chandra Rout of JNP in 1977.^[5] Balasore is part of Balasore (Lok Sabha constituency).^[6]

See also

• Rocket launch sites
• Indian Space Research Organisation
• Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station
• Chandipur
• Chandipur travel guide from Wikivoyage
• PanchaLingeswar travel guide from Wikivoyage

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Balasore.

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Balasore.

• Know history of and Information of Balasore
• Online Information Center of Balasore
• Baleswar District website
• Balasore at Encyclopedia Astronautica
• Architectural Planning, Quality Control, survey Work and Civil Consultancy
• Hotel Barjorjis Banjara/Bhojan website

Panchalingeswara Temple

State of Odisha Capital: Bhubaneswar Governance Governors Chief Ministers Legislative Assembly Political parties Raj Bhavan High Court Police Topics Arts Cinema Cuisine Culture Economy Education Elections Flora and Fauna Geography History Historic sites Rulers Language Alphabet Literature Morphology People Politics Tourism Districts Angul Balasore Bargarh Bhadrak Balangir Boudh Cuttack Debagarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Kendujhar Khordha Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nabarangpur Nayagarh Nuapada Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Subarnapur Sundargarh Cities Angul Balasore Barbil Bargarh Baripada Bhadrak Bhubaneswar Brahmapur Cuttack Dhenkanal Jajpur Jharsuguda Puri Rourkela Sambalpur Odisha portal

Baleswar district Constituencies Balasore Basta Bhograi Jaleswar Nilgiri Remuna Soro Simulia Towns and villages Balasore Chandipur Chaumukha Dagara Dehurda Gopinathpur Jaleswar Nilagiri Remuna Soro Other districts Angul Balangir Bargarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Debagarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Kendujhar Khordha Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nabarangpur Nayagarh Nuapada Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Subarnapur Sundergarh See also Kirtania port Talasari Beach

Industrial hubs in Odisha Angul Balasore Barbil Bhubaneswar Brajarajnagar Chandikhole Choudwar Cuttack Damanjodi Hirakud Jharsuguda Joda Kalinganagar Kalunga Kansbahal Paradeep Rajgangpur Rayagada Rourkela Sunabeda Talcher

Danish overseas colonies and territories Former colonies Danish Gold Coast (Ghana) Danish West Indies (U.S. Virgin Islands) Danish India Tranquebar (Tharangambadi) Balasore Frederiksnagore (Serampore) Danmarksnagore (Gondalpara) Calicut (Kozhikode) Oddeway Torre (Malabar Coast) Frederiksøerne (Nicobar Islands) Current overseas territories Faroe Islands Greenland See also: Danish East India Company Danish West India Company