Auzet

Auzet

The Col de Fanget

Coat of arms
Auzet

Coordinates: 44°17′42″N 6°19′04″E / 44.295°N 6.3178°ECoordinates: 44°17′42″N 6°19′04″E / 44.295°N 6.3178°E
Country France
Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Department Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Arrondissement Digne-les-Bains
Canton Seyne
Intercommunality Pays de Seyne
Government
 • Mayor (1989–2020) Roger Isoard
Area1 34.53 km2 (13.33 sq mi)
Population (2010)2 79
 • Density 2.3/km2 (5.9/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 04017 / 04140
Elevation 1,068–2,028 m (3,504–6,654 ft)
(avg. 1,180 m or 3,870 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Auzet is a French commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Auzetans or Auzetanes.[1]

Geography

Auzet is located some 45 km north-east of Sisteron and 35 km west by south-west of Barcelonnette. Access to the commune is by the D7 road from Seyne in the north which passes through the length of the commune and the village and joins the D900A on the southern border of the commune. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of L'Infernet, L'Infernet Haut, and L'Infernet Bas north of the village. The commune is very rugged with snow-capped mountains and forested slopes with 1,168 hectares of forest.[2][3]

Numerous streams rise mostly in the north of the commune and flow south: the Grave river rises in the north of the commune and gathers countless tributaries as it flows south to join the Bés on the southern border; on the western side the Ravin de Gau, the Ravin de Garnier, the Grave des Planes, and the Ravin du Passavoux all converge with other tributaries to join the Grave; in the east the Ravin du Tourondet, the Ravin du Mairague, and the Ravin du Lausier all flow south and merge to form the Ruisseau de Compolin which continues south to join the Mardaric south of the commune.[3]

The area of the commune is 3,453 hectares and its altitude varies between 1,068 and 2,028 metres.[4] The village is located at 1,180 m above sea level. The highest peaks are the Tête Grosse (Big Head) (2032 m), Clot de Bouc (1962 m) and the cols of Fanget (1459 m) and Grangeasse.

Natural and technological hazards

None of the 200 communes in the department is in a no seismic risk zone. The Canton of Seyne to which Auzet belongs is zone 1b (low risk) according to the deterministic classification of 1991, which is based on the historical seismic activities,[5] and zone 4 (medium risk) according to the probabilistic classification EC8 of 2011.[6] Auzet is also exposed to four other natural hazards:

Auzet is not exposed to any risk of technological origin identified by the prefecture.[7]

No risk prevention plan for foreseeable natural risks (PPR)[7] exists for the commune and there is no DICRIM.[8]

Habitat

In 2013 the commune built two certified passive buildings (heating needs are less than 15 kilowatts m²/year) with four housing units at 1200 m altitude.[9]

The passive concept is the most advanced in the world and is the only one which can dispense with conventional heating. The heating power is provided by 10w/m2 of fresh air (ventilation).

Neighbouring communes and villages[3]

Toponymy

The name Auzet appears for the first time in charters of 1058 under the name Ausitum.[10] In referring to sheep belonging to the Abbey of Saint Victor, Marseille, it appeared as Alisino in 814 with forty inhabitants.[11]

History

In 1958 loggers discovered a deposit of iron and bronze objects dating from the La Tène period: spearheads, knives, and bits for horses.[12]

In 1351 reference was made to the community, or rather to its chaplain, indicating that the priest of the church did not depend on an Abbey.[11] From the 13th to the 18th century there was a mill in the ravine of Saint Andrieu.[11]

The death of Queen Joanna I re-opened a succession crisis at the head of the County of Provence with the cities of the Aix Union (1382-1387) supporting Charles de Duras against Louis I of Anjou. The Auzet community supported Duras until 1386 then switched sides to join the Angevins through patient negotiation by Marie of Blois, widow of Louis I and regent for their son Louis II.[13]

In the 18th century a fair was held in Auzet.[14]

During the French Revolution the commune had a patriotic society formed after the end of 1792.[15]

In the 19th century Auzet was one of the last towns in the region to develop a school: in the survey of 1863 it was among the 17 communes in the department (245) not to possess one and awaited the Jules Ferry laws to install it.[16]

During the Second World War a colony of Jewish children at the Col du Fanget was saved.[17] Joseph Isoard and his brother Armand with their wives Julie and Simone saved Jews from deportation and were therefore distinguished as Righteous among the Nations.[18][19][20][21]

Heraldry

 Blazon:

Or, a bell Azure clapper Argent between three oaks of Vert 2 and 1.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[22]

From To Name Party Position
1989 2020 Roger Issouard PCF

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 79 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Evolution of the Population (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
308 300 256 302 300 293 287 270 260
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
267 287 278 279 258 243 253 255 244
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
232 243 228 178 156 151 138 120 128
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
111 96 73 67 73 87 - 79 -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Economy

Overview

In 2009 the active population stood at 43 people including 7 unemployed[23] (8 in late 2011[24]). These workers are mostly employed (82%)[25] and mostly work outside the commune (68%).[25] Most of the employees in the commune have jobs in services and administration with 14 positions.[26]

At 1 January 2011 businesses active in the commune were divided between farms (8 out of 22 businesses) and the tertiary sector (10 out of 22).[26]

Agriculture

At the end of 2010 the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, fisheries) had eight businesses.[26]

The number of farms, according to the Agreste survey by the Ministry of Agriculture, was 7 in 2010, all livestock.[27] Auzet had suffered a severe loss of farms, losing six of the ten farms present in the commune from 1988 to 2000.[28] The utilized agricultural area (UAA) has increased from 418 hectares in 1988 to 728 hectares in 2010 distributed among cattle (656 ha) and sheep (71 ha).[27]

Auzet is included in the area of the label Apples of Alpes de Haute-Durance.

Industry

At the end of 2010 the secondary sector (industry and construction) had four businesses employing two people.[26]

Service activities

At the end of 2010 the tertiary sector (trades and services) had eight businesses (employing a total of 13 people) plus two institutions in the administrative sector, health and social (one employee).[26]

The main employer is a school of music - the Music and Environment Centre Fontaine de l’Ours created in 1997.[29]

According to the Departmental Observatory of tourism, tourism is very important for the commune with more than five tourist arrivals per capita.[30] Most of the accommodation capacity is non-market.[31] Several tourist accommodation structures exist in the commune:

It is nevertheless second homes that weigh heaviest in the capacity of with 83 dwellings affected (nearly two out of three homes are second homes)[35][36]

Local culture and heritage

The Parish Church, under the patronage of Saint Andrew and Saint Bartholomew,[11] was built in the 15th or 16th century[10] near Riou but was engulfed by a flood that deposited a lot of gravel in 1787, then again in 1807. Despite some partial cleanup work it became very damp. It was demolished in March 1872 and its reconstruction was completed in 1874. The current nave is 11 m long, 6 m wide and 8.5 m high; the chevet is 6.4 m long. The spire rises to 22.8 m in height.[37] The church contains a silver Ciborium (17th century) which is registered as an historical object.[38]

The Water gap of Verdaches where an ancient cache of arms was found in 1958.[39]

See also

Bibliography

External links

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force in 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

  1. ↑ Inhabitants of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (French)
  2. ↑ Roger Brunet, Canton of Seyne, Le Trésor des régions, consulted on 8 June 2013 (French)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Google Maps
  4. ↑ Geographic repertoire of communes, published by IGN (French)
  5. ↑ Prefecture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Departmental Dossier on the major risks in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (DDRM), 2008, p. 39 (French)
  6. ↑ Ministry of Ecology, sustainable development, transport, and housing, Communal Notice on the Gaspar database, put online 27 May 2011, consulted on 30 June 2012 (French)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Prefecture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, DDRM, opcit, p. 95 (French)
  8. ↑ Search page, Dicrim database, consulted on 30 June 2011
  9. ↑ Michel Simon, Passive houses at altitude, La Marseillaise, 14 July 2013, p. 10 (French)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Under the direction of Édouard Baratier, Georges Duby, and Ernest Hildesheimer, Historical Atlas Provence, County of Venaissin, Principality of Orange, County of Nice, Principality of Monaco, Librairie Armand Colin, Paris, 1969, p. 162 (French)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Daniel Thiery, Auzet, On the origins of churches and rural chapels of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, published on 12 December 2010, put online 11 December 2010, consulted on 30 June 2012 (French)
  12. ↑ François Salviat, Provence-Côte-d'Azur-Corse (Northern region), Gallia, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1967, p. 383 (French)
  13. ↑ Geneviève Xhayet, Supporters and adversaries of Louis of Anjou during the war with the Union of Aix, Provence historique, Fédération historique de Provence, volume 40, No. 162, "Author of the war of the Union d'Aix", 1990, Maps pp. 417-418 and 419 (French)
  14. ↑ Baratier and Hilsdesheimer, Map 122: The Fairs (1713-1789), in Baratier, Duby & Hildesheimer, opcit (French)
  15. ↑ Patrice Alphand, "The Popular Societies", The Revolution in the Lower Alpes, Annals of Haute-Provence, bulletin of the société scientifique et littéraire des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, No. 307, 1st trimester 1989, 108th year, p 296-298 (French)
  16. ↑ Jean-Christophe Labadie (director), The School houses, Digne-les-Bains, Departmental Archives of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, 2013, ISBN 978-2-86-004-015-0, p. 9 & 11 (French)
  17. ↑ Michel de La Torre, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: the complete guide to 200 communes, Paris, Deslogis-Lacoste, coll. Towns and villages of France, 1989, Relié, 72 p. (non-paginated) (ISBN 2-7399-5004-7) (French)
  18. ↑ Article "Joseph Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (French)
  19. ↑ Article "Armand Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (French)
  20. ↑ Article "Julie Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (French)
  21. ↑ Article "Simone Isoard" on the Anonymous, Just, and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France, consulted on 5 October 2008 (French)
  22. ↑ List of Mayors of France (French)
  23. ↑ INSEE, Local Dossier - Commune, p. 5 (French)
  24. ↑ Insee, Local Dossier - Commune, p. 8 (French)
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Insee, Local Dossier - Commune, p. 7 (French)
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4 Insee, Local Dossier - Commune, p. 16 (French)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Ministry of Agriculture, "Techno-economic Orientation of farming", Agricultural census of 2010 and 2000. (Download zip file (4.4mB) (French)
  28. ↑ Insee, Agricultural enterprises in 1988 and 2000, Insee, 2012 (7.4 Mb) (French)
  29. ↑ Community of communes of Pays de Seyne, A mountain village, Commune of Auzet, put online 14 February 2013, consulted on 19 February 2013 (French)
  30. ↑ Departmental Observatory of tourism, Atlas of tourist accommodation, December 2008, p. 6 (French)
  31. ↑ Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 7 (French)
  32. ↑ Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 32 et 36 (French)
  33. ↑ Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 38 (French)
  34. ↑ Atlas of tourist accommodation, p. 29-30 (French)
  35. ↑ Insee, Dossier local, p. 16 (French)
  36. ↑ Insee, Tourist accommodation in communes, 2008, 2009, and 2012, INSEE, 2012 (4.1 Mb) (French)
  37. ↑ Jeanne Sicard, Chronicles of Haute-Provence, No. 304 (French)
  38. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM04000651 Ciborium (French)
  39. ↑ R. Moulin, "An Archaeological enigma: the cache of antique arms in the Water gap of Verdaches", in Bulletin of the Société scientifique littéraire des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, No. 292 (French)
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