August W. Eichler

August Wilhelm Eichler

A. W. Eichler
Born April 22, 1839
Neukirchen, Hesse
Died March 2, 1887
Berlin
Nationality German
Fields Botany, Plant taxonomy

August Wilhelm Eichler, also known under his Latinized name, Augustus Guilielmus Eichler (April 22, 1839 – March 2, 1887), was a German botanist who modified the classification system to better reflect the relationships between plants.

Biography

Born in Neukirchen, Hesse, Eichler studied at the University of Marburg, Germany, and in 1871 became Professor of Botany at Technische Hochschule (Technical University) of Graz and director of the botanical garden in that city. In 1872 he received an appointment at the University of Kiel, where he remained until 1878 when he became director of the herbarium at the University of Berlin. He died in Berlin on March 2, 1887.

Eichler made important contributions to the study of the comparative structure of flowers (mainly on floral symmetry in his work Blütendiagramme). He wrote extensively on the Coniferae, Cycadaceae and other plant groups of Brazil.

The standard author abbreviation Eichler is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name.

Eichler System

The Eichler System divided the plant kingdom into non-floral plants (Cryptogamae) and floral plants (Phanerogamae). It was the first to accept the concept of evolution and therefore also the first to be considered phylogenetic. Moreover, Eichler was the first taxonomist to separate the Phanerogamae into Angiosperms and Gymnosperms and the former into Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae.

The Eichler system was the foundation for Adolf Engler's System and was widely accepted in Europe and other parts of the world.

Works

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Aaron Goldberg (1986). "Classification, Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Dicotyledons". Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 58: 1–314.
  2. ^ G. H. M. Lawrence (1951). Taxonomy of vascular plants.
  3. ^ Author Details: Eichler, August Wilhelm (1839-1887). International Plant Names Index.
  4. ^  Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Eichler, August Wilhelm". Encyclopedia Americana.

External links