Atractaspis engaddensis

Atractaspis engaddensis
Atractaspis engaddensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Atractaspididae
Genus: Atractaspis
Species: A. engaddensis
Binomial name
Atractaspis engaddensis
Haas, 1950[1]

Atractaspis engaddensis is an African venomous snake found in Israel, including Palestinian territories, Sinai, Jordan, SW/C Saudi Arabia and Lebanon.

Description

It can also be called Israeli Mole Viper.[2] It is a venomous snake native to Africa and its body is usually dark black color and it has small eyes with round pupils. The tail is short and pointy. Its approximate size is one meter long.

Feeding

They prefer hatchling snakes but they can also eat small mammals like baby rodents.

Venom

Three isotoxins, named sarafotoxins S6a1, S6b and S6c, with strong cardiotoxic activity were isolated from the venom of a snake, Atractaspis engaddensis. All three sarafotoxins are homologous peptides (four or less than four residue replacements) consisting of 21 amino acid residues. Their structure and activity are novel among snake venom components. The venom from the snake Atractaspis engaddensis has a very high lethal potency, with an i.v. LD50 of 0.06-0.075 micrograms per g body weight in mice. The action of the venom is rapid and death results from seemingly neurotoxic effects. However, even at high concentrations, the venom does not block contractions of skeletal muscles that are directly or indirectly stimulated. The most prominent action of the venom is seen in the function of the heart in anesthetized mice, with or without artificial respiration. The changes observed in the ECG are similar to those recorded in human victims and are the result of an A-V block that is caused by an apparent direct action of the venom on the heart.

References

  1. ↑ Haas, G. "A New Atractaspis (Mole Viper) from Palestine". Copeia 1950 (15): 52–53.
  2. ↑ http://apps.who.int/bloodproducts/snakeantivenoms/database/Images/SnakesDistribution/Large/map_Atractaspis_engaddensis.pdf

External links