Arthur Mitchell (physician)

Sir Arthur Mitchell K.C.B., M.D. (1826 – 12 October 1909) was a Scottish doctor involved in the study and care of patients with mental illness. He served on several public commissions, and also wrote a number of works on historical subjects.

Sir Arthur Mitchell
The Mitchell grave, Rosebank Cemetery, Edinburgh

Biography

Mitchell was born in Elgin, Moray, and gained a degree in medicine at the University of Aberdeen.

Medicine

In 1857 Mitchell was appointed Deputy Commissioner of Lunacy with the newly established General Board of Lunacy for Scotland. His appointment coincided with a report produced by the Scottish Royal Lunacy Commission that prompted a greater understanding and care of the insane.[1] In 1870 he was appointed to the commission, and also served on the Commission on Criminal Lunacy in England, and later chaired a commission which investigated lunacy care in Ireland.[1]

His work included a special study of individuals in private care, which were outlined in his work The Insane in Private Dwellings. His contributions to the Edinburgh Medical Journal, reprinted in a condensed form in Memoirs of the Anthropological Society of London, contained material collected from extensive surveys.[1] His work established a methodology for epidemiological studies in this field.[2]

Historian

He held positions with the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, the Scottish Meteorological Society, the Early Scottish Text Society, and council member of the Scottish History Society. He was a professor of ancient history and member of the Royal Scottish Academy. His Rhind Lectures to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland were published as The Past in the Present: What is Civilisation. His conclusion was that the difference in the essential characteristics of modern and early peoples are imperceptible, that civilisation was due to accumulated knowledge rather than an inherent superiority of its individual members. Other works included A List of Travels in Scotland 1296—1900, and Dreaming, Laughing, and Blushing (1905).[1]

In 1886 Mitchell was made a Companion of the Bath by Queen Victoria, and was raised to the rank of Knight Commander of the Bath the following year. He retired in 1895, and died on October 12, 1909. He was buried at Rosebank Cemetery, Edinburgh.[1] The grave lies on the north-facing retaining wall in the centre of the cemetery.

He married Margaret Hay Houston, daughter of James Houston of Tullochgriban in Strathspey. Their only child was the architect Sydney Mitchell (1856–1930).[3]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Obituary: Sir Arthur Mitchell". The British Medical Journal 2 (2547): 21261–2. October 23, 1909. PMC 2321032.
  2. ↑ Smith, G. D. (2010). "The antecedents of epidemiological methodology in Arthur Mitchell's surveillance and care of the insane". International Journal of Epidemiology 39 (1): 25–30. doi:10.1093/ije/dyq013. ISSN 0300-5771.
  3. ↑ "Arthur George Sydney Mitchell". Dictionary of Scottish Architects.