Arrestin beta 2

Arrestin, beta 2
Identifiers
SymbolsARRB2 ; ARB2; ARR2; BARR2
External IDsOMIM: 107941 MGI: 99474 HomoloGene: 3183 GeneCards: ARRB2 Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez409216869
EnsemblENSG00000141480ENSMUSG00000060216
UniProtP32121Q91YI4
RefSeq (mRNA)NM_001257328NM_001271358
RefSeq (protein)NP_001244257NP_001258287
Location (UCSC)Chr 17:
4.61 – 4.62 Mb		Chr 11:
70.43 – 70.44 Mb
PubMed search

Beta-arrestin-2, also known as arrestin beta-2, is an intracellular protein that in humans is encoded by the ARRB2 gene.

Members of arrestin/beta-arrestin protein family are thought to participate in agonist-mediated desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors and cause specific dampening of cellular responses to stimuli such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or sensory signals,[1][2][3] as well as having signalling roles in their own right.[4][5][6][7][8] Arrestin beta 2, like arrestin beta 1, was shown to inhibit beta-adrenergic receptor function in vitro. It is expressed at high levels in the central nervous system and may play a role in the regulation of synaptic receptors. Besides the brain, a cDNA for arrestin beta 2 was isolated from thyroid gland, and thus it may also be involved in hormone-specific desensitization of TSH receptors. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, but the full-length nature of some variants has not been defined.[9]

The protein may interact with the agonist DOI in 5-HT2A receptor signaling.[10][11]

Interactions

Arrestin beta 2 has been shown to interact with

References

  1. ↑ Breivogel CS, Lambert JM, Gerfin S, Huffman JW, Razdan RK (July 2008). "Sensitivity to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol is selectively enhanced in beta-arrestin2-/- mice". Behavioural Pharmacology 19 (4): 298–307. doi:10.1097/FBP.0b013e328308f1e6. PMC 2751575. PMID 18622177.
  2. ↑ Li Y, Liu X, Liu C, Kang J, Yang J, Pei G, Wu C (March 2009). "Improvement of Morphine-Mediated Analgesia by Inhibition of β-Arrestin 2 Expression in Mice Periaqueductal Gray Matter". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 10 (3): 954–63. doi:10.3390/ijms10030954. PMC 2672012. PMID 19399231.
  3. ↑ Zheng H, Loh HH, Law PY (January 2008). "β-Arrestin-Dependent μ-Opioid Receptor-Activated Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases (ERKs) Translocate to Nucleus in Contrast to G Protein-Dependent ERK Activation". Molecular Pharmacology 73 (1): 178–90. doi:10.1124/mol.107.039842. PMC 2253657. PMID 17947509.
  4. ↑ Ma L, Pei G (January 2007). "Beta-arrestin signaling and regulation of transcription". Journal of Cell Science 120 (Pt 2): 213–8. doi:10.1242/jcs.03338. PMID 17215450.
  5. ↑ Defea K (March 2008). "β-arrestins and heterotrimeric G-proteins: collaborators and competitors in signal transduction". British Journal of Pharmacology. 153 Suppl 1 (S1): S298–309. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707508. PMC 2268080. PMID 18037927.
  6. ↑ Barki-Harrington L, Rockman HA (February 2008). "Beta-arrestins: multifunctional cellular mediators". Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) 23: 17–22. doi:10.1152/physiol.00042.2007. PMID 18268361.
  7. ↑ Patel PA, Tilley DG, Rockman HA (March 2009). "Physiologic and cardiac roles of beta-arrestins". Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 46 (3): 300–8. doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.11.015. PMID 19103204.
  8. ↑ Golan M, Schreiber G, Avissar S (2009). "Antidepressants, beta-arrestins and GRKs: from regulation of signal desensitization to intracellular multifunctional adaptor functions". Current Pharmaceutical Design 15 (14): 1699–708. doi:10.2174/138161209788168038. PMID 19442183.
  9. ↑ "Entrez Gene: ARRB2 arrestin, beta 2".
  10. ↑ Schmid CL, Raehal KM, Bohn LM (January 2008). "Agonist-directed signaling of the serotonin 2A receptor depends on β-arrestin-2 interactions in vivo". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (3): 1079–84. doi:10.1073/pnas.0708862105. PMC 2242710. PMID 18195357.
  11. ↑ Abbas A, Roth BL (January 2008). "Arresting serotonin". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (3): 831–2. doi:10.1073/pnas.0711335105. PMC 2242676. PMID 18195368.
  12. ↑ Laporte SA, Oakley RH, Zhang J, Holt JA, Ferguson SS, Caron MG, Barak LS (March 1999). "The β2-adrenergic receptor/βarrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (7): 3712–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.3712. PMC 22359. PMID 10097102.
  13. ↑ Kim YM, Benovic JL (August 2002). "Differential roles of arrestin-2 interaction with clathrin and adaptor protein 2 in G protein-coupled receptor trafficking". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 30760–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204528200. PMID 12070169.
  14. ↑ Claing A, Chen W, Miller WE, Vitale N, Moss J, Premont RT, Lefkowitz RJ (November 2001). "beta-Arrestin-mediated ADP-ribosylation factor 6 activation and beta 2-adrenergic receptor endocytosis". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (45): 42509–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108399200. PMID 11533043.
  15. ↑ Wang P, Gao H, Ni Y, Wang B, Wu Y, Ji L, Qin L, Ma L, Pei G (February 2003). "Beta-arrestin 2 functions as a G-protein-coupled receptor-activated regulator of oncoprotein Mdm2". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (8): 6363–70. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210350200. PMID 12488444.
  16. ↑ Wang P, Wu Y, Ge X, Ma L, Pei G (March 2003). "Subcellular localization of beta-arrestins is determined by their intact N domain and the nuclear export signal at the C terminus". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (13): 11648–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208109200. PMID 12538596.
  17. ↑ Shenoy SK, Xiao K, Venkataramanan V, Snyder PM, Freedman NJ, Weissman AM (August 2008). "Nedd4 Mediates Agonist-dependent Ubiquitination, Lysosomal Targeting, and Degradation of the β2-Adrenergic Receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 283 (32): 22166–76. doi:10.1074/jbc.M709668200. PMC 2494938. PMID 18544533.
  18. ↑ Bhattacharya M, Anborgh PH, Babwah AV, Dale LB, Dobransky T, Benovic JL, Feldman RD, Verdi JM, Rylett RJ, Ferguson SS (August 2002). "Beta-arrestins regulate a Ral-GDS Ral effector pathway that mediates cytoskeletal reorganization". Nat. Cell Biol. 4 (8): 547–55. doi:10.1038/ncb821. PMID 12105416.

Further reading

  • Lefkowitz RJ (1998). "G protein-coupled receptors. III. New roles for receptor kinases and beta-arrestins in receptor signaling and desensitization". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (30): 18677–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.30.18677. PMID 9668034.
  • Attramadal H; Arriza JL; Aoki C et al. (1992). "Beta-arrestin2, a novel member of the arrestin/beta-arrestin gene family". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (25): 17882–90. PMID 1517224.
  • Rapoport B, Kaufman KD, Chazenbalk GD (1992). "Cloning of a member of the arrestin family from a human thyroid cDNA library". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 84 (3): R39–43. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(92)90038-8. PMID 1587386.
  • Calabrese G; Sallese M; Stornaiuolo A et al. (1995). "Chromosome mapping of the human arrestin (SAG), beta-arrestin 2 (ARRB2), and beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 (ADRBK2) genes". Genomics 23 (1): 286–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1497. PMID 7695743.
  • Parruti G; Peracchia F; Sallese M et al. (1993). "Molecular analysis of human beta-arrestin-1: cloning, tissue distribution, and regulation of expression. Identification of two isoforms generated by alternative splicing". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (13): 9753–61. PMID 8486659.
  • Le Gouill C, Parent JL, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Stanková J (1997). "Role of the Cys90, Cys95 and Cys173 residues in the structure and function of the human platelet-activating factor receptor". FEBS Lett. 402 (2–3): 203–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01531-1. PMID 9037196.
  • Barak LS, Ferguson SS, Zhang J, Caron MG (1997). "A beta-arrestin/green fluorescent protein biosensor for detecting G protein-coupled receptor activation". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (44): 27497–500. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.44.27497. PMID 9346876.
  • Laporte SA; Oakley RH; Zhang J et al. (1999). "The β2-adrenergic receptor/βarrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (7): 3712–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.3712. PMC 22359. PMID 10097102.
  • Cheng ZJ; Zhao J; Sun Y et al. (2000). "beta-arrestin differentially regulates the chemokine receptor CXCR4-mediated signaling and receptor internalization, and this implicates multiple interaction sites between beta-arrestin and CXCR4". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (4): 2479–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.4.2479. PMID 10644702.
  • Lin F, Wang H, Malbon CC (2000). "Gravin-mediated formation of signaling complexes in beta 2-adrenergic receptor desensitization and resensitization". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (25): 19025–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.25.19025. PMID 10858453.
  • McDonald PH; Chow CW; Miller WE et al. (2000). "Beta-arrestin 2: a receptor-regulated MAPK scaffold for the activation of JNK3". Science 290 (5496): 1574–7. doi:10.1126/science.290.5496.1574. PMID 11090355.
  • Luttrell LM; Roudabush FL; Choy EW et al. (2001). "Activation and targeting of extracellular signal-regulated kinases by β-arrestin scaffolds". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (5): 2449–54. doi:10.1073/pnas.041604898. PMC 30158. PMID 11226259.
  • Cen B; Yu Q; Guo J et al. (2001). "Direct binding of beta-arrestins to two distinct intracellular domains of the delta opioid receptor". J. Neurochem. 76 (6): 1887–94. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00204.x. PMID 11259507.
  • Oakley RH; Laporte SA; Holt JA et al. (2001). "Molecular determinants underlying the formation of stable intracellular G protein-coupled receptor-beta-arrestin complexes after receptor endocytosis*". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19452–60. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101450200. PMID 11279203.
  • Miller WE; McDonald PH; Cai SF et al. (2001). "Identification of a motif in the carboxyl terminus of beta -arrestin2 responsible for activation of JNK3". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (30): 27770–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102264200. PMID 11356842.
  • Claing A; Chen W; Miller WE et al. (2001). "beta-Arrestin-mediated ADP-ribosylation factor 6 activation and beta 2-adrenergic receptor endocytosis". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (45): 42509–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108399200. PMID 11533043.
  • Hilairet S; Bélanger C; Bertrand J et al. (2001). "Agonist-promoted internalization of a ternary complex between calcitonin receptor-like receptor, receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), and beta-arrestin". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (45): 42182–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107323200. PMID 11535606.
  • Shenoy SK, McDonald PH, Kohout TA, Lefkowitz RJ (2001). "Regulation of receptor fate by ubiquitination of activated beta 2-adrenergic receptor and beta-arrestin". Science 294 (5545): 1307–13. doi:10.1126/science.1063866. PMID 11588219.
  • Chen Z; Dupré DJ; Le Gouill C et al. (2002). "Agonist-induced internalization of the platelet-activating factor receptor is dependent on arrestins but independent of G-protein activation. Role of the C terminus and the (D/N)PXXY motif". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (9): 7356–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110058200. PMID 11729201.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.