Argyns

Approximate areas occupied by three Kazakh Juzes in the early 20th century. (Key: green - Junior Juz, yellow - Middle Juz, red - Senior Juz)
Location of Kazakh Middle jüz tribe Argyn, after M.S.Mukanov,[1]
Kazakh Middle jüz tribe Argyn tamga, after S.Kudayberdy-Uly "Family tree of Türks, Kirgizes, Kazakhs and their Khan dynasties", Alma-Ata, Dastan, 1990

Argyn (Kazakh: Арғын) tribe is one of the main constituents of the Kazakh people, of Turkic descent, and a main component in the Middle jüz sub-confederation in Kazakhstan, which historically consisted of three tribal conglomerations of Great jüz, Middle jüz, and Little jüz. It is found that 80 to 90% out of the 6 samples of Argyns belong to Haplogroup G1.[2]

Present Argyns in the Kazakh Middle jüz are the former Basmals, and these names are equivalent ("mixed tribe"). As a proof serves the description of the "Tenduk" country by Marco Polo, which says that the prevailing tribe of that country are Argon Christians (i.e. Argyns), which means Basmul. Early Middle Age location of Basmals are given in the Tszychji tuntszyan, where Basmals' residence is named in Beitin, in the Bogdoshan ridge in Guchen area.[3]

Mahmut Kashgari (11th century) listed Basmyls as one of ten prominent Turkic tribes, enumerating location of the Türkic polities from the borders of Greece to the borders of China in the following sequence: Bechen (Badjinak), Kyfchak (Kipchak), Oguz, Yemek (Kimek), Bashgyrt (Bashkort), Basmyl, Kai, Yabaku, Tatars, Kyrgyz. He also noted that the tribes Kai, Yabaku, Tatar, and Basmyl are bilingual, speaking in Türkic alongside their own languages, while Kyrgyzes, Kyfchaks, Oguzes... have their own Türkic languages, and the languages of Yemeks and Bashkirts are close to them.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Mukanov M.S., "Ethnic territory of Kazakhs in 18 - beginning of 20th century", Almaty, 1991, Муканов М. С. "Этническая территория казахов в 18 – нач. 20 вв. Алма-Ата, 1991 (Russian)
  2. ↑ Biro, A. Zalan, A., et al., (2009). "A Y-Chromosomal Comparison of the Madjars (Kazakhstan) and the Magyars (Hungary)". Amer. J. of Physical Anthr. 139 (3): 305–10. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20984. PMID 19170200.
  3. ↑ Zuev Yu.A., "Horse Tamgas from Vassal Princedoms (Translation of Chinese composition "Tanghuyao" of 8-10th centuries)", Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences, Alma-Ata, I960, p. 104, 132 (Russian)
  4. ↑ M.Zakiev, "Origin of Türks and Tatars", p.69, 192, Moscow, "Insan", 2002, ISBN 5-85840-317-4 (Russian)

See also