Archaeopriapulida

Archaeopriapulida
Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3–Middle Cambrian
Reconstruction of the celebrated archaeopriapulid Ottoia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Stem-group: Priapulida
Class: †Archaeopriapulida
Genera
  • From the Burgess Shale:


    • Ancalagon minor
    • Fieldia lanceolata
    • Lecythioscopa simplex Conway Morris 1977 (Walcott, 1931)
    • Ottoia prolifica
    • Selkirkia columbia Conway Morris 1977
    • Scolecofurca rara
  • From Chengjiang deposits:
    • Acosmia maotiania
    • Archotuba conoidalis (possibly a Cnidarian)[1]
    • Corynetis brevis Luo & Hu 1999 (=Anningvermis multispinosus Huang et al 2004[2])[3]
    • Corynetis fortis Hu et al. 2012[4]
    • Eximipriapulus globocaudatus Ma et al 2014[5]
    • Gangtoucunia aspera Luo & Hu 1999 (May not be a priapulid)[6]
    • Lagenula striolata Luo & Hu, 1999 nomen dubium[7]
    • Laojieella thecata Han Zhang Zhang and Shu 2006[8]
    • Oligonodus specialis Luo & Hu, 1999 nomen dubium[9]
    • Omnidens amplus Hou et al 2006
    • Paratubiluchus bicaudatus Han, Shu, Zhang et Liu, 2004
    • Paraselkirkia sinica (=P. jinningensis, =Selkirkia sinica Luo & Hu 1999)[10]
    • Sandaokania latinodosa Luo & Hu, 1999 nomen dubium[11]
    • Selkirkia elongata Luo & Hu, 1999
    • Sicyophorus rara (=Protopriapulites haikouensis Hou, Bergström, Wang, Feng & Chen 1999; =Palaeopriapulites parvus Hou et al 1999)[12]
    • Sicyophorus sp. [13]
    • Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris Hu 2002 (in Chen et al 2002) (=Yunnanpriapulus halteroformis Huang et al 2004[14])[15]
  • From elsewhere:

Archaeopriapulida is a group of priapulid-like worms known from Cambrian lagerstatte.[17] The group is closely related to, and very similar to, the modern Priapulids.[18] It is unclear whether it is mono- or polyphyletic.[19] Despite a remarkable morphological similarity to their modern cousins,[20] they fall outside of the priapulid crown group, which is not unambiguously represented in the fossil record until the Carboniferous.[21] They are probably closely related or paraphyletic to the palaeoscolecids; the relationship between these basal worms is somewhat unresolved.[19]

References

  1. ↑ Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas (2012-12-21). Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera. ISBN 9783110272536.
  2. ↑ Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  3. ↑ Ma, X.; Aldridge, R. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Hou, X.; Edgecombe, G. D. (2014). "A New Exceptionally Preserved Cambrian Priapulid from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Journal of Paleontology 88 (2): 371. doi:10.1666/13-082.
  4. ↑ Hu, S.; Steiner, M.; Zhu, M.; Luo, H.; Forchielli, A.; Keupp, H.; Zhao, F.; Liu, Q. (2012). "A new priapulid assemblage from the early Cambrian Guanshan fossil Lagerstätte of SW China". Bulletin of Geosciences: 93. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1238.
  5. ↑ Ma, X.; Aldridge, R. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Hou, X.; Edgecombe, G. D. (2014). "A New Exceptionally Preserved Cambrian Priapulid from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Journal of Paleontology 88 (2): 371. doi:10.1666/13-082.
  6. ↑ Hu, S.; Zhu, M.; Steiner, M.; Luo, H.; Zhao, F.; Liu, Q. (2010). "Biodiversity and taphonomy of the Early Cambrian Guanshan biota, eastern Yunnan". Science China Earth Sciences 53 (12): 1765. doi:10.1007/s11430-010-4086-9.
  7. ↑ Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  8. ↑ Han, J.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Z.; Shu, D. (2006). "A new theca-bearing Early Cambrian worm from the Chengjiang Fossil Lagerstätte, China". Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 30: 1. doi:10.1080/03115510608619340.
  9. ↑ Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  10. ↑ Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, J.; Shu, D. (2007). "EVIDENCE OF PRIAPULID SCAVENGING FROM THE EARLY CAMBRIAN CHENGJIANG DEPOSITS, SOUTHERN CHINA". PALAIOS (Society for Sedimentary Geology) 22 (6): 691–694. doi:10.2110/palo.2006.p06-117r. ISSN 0883-1351.
  11. ↑ Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  12. ↑ Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  13. ↑ Zeng, H.; Zhao, F.; Yin, Z.; Li, G.; Zhu, M. (2014). "A Chengjiang-type fossil assemblage from the Hongjingshao Formation (Cambrian Stage 3) at Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan". Chinese Science Bulletin 59 (25): 3169. doi:10.1007/s11434-014-0419-y.
  14. ↑ Huang, D.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J. (2004). "Recent Priapulidae and their Early Cambrian ancestors: Comparisons and evolutionary significance". Geobios 37 (2): 217. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2003.04.004.
  15. ↑ Han, J.; Shu, D.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, J. (2004). "The earliest-known ancestors of Recent Priapulomorpha from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Chinese Science Bulletin 49 (17): 1860. doi:10.1007/BF03183414.
  16. ↑ Liu, Y.; Xiao, S.; Shao, T.; Broce, J.; Zhang, H. (2014). "The oldest known priapulid-like scalidophoran animal and its implications for the early evolution of cycloneuralians and ecdysozoans". Evolution & Development 16 (3): 155. doi:10.1111/ede.12076.
  17. ↑ Conway Morris, S. (1979). "The Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian) Fauna". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 10: 327–349. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.10.110179.001551.
  18. ↑ Por, F. D. (1983). "Class Seticoronaria and Phylogeny of the Phylum Priapulida". Zoologica Scripta 12 (4): 267–272. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1983.tb00510.x.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Wills, M. A. (1 April 1998). "Cambrian and Recent Disparity: the Picture from Priapulids". Paleobiology 24 (2): 155–286. doi:10.2307/2401237 (inactive 2015-03-21). JSTOR 2401237.
  20. ↑ Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  21. ↑ Budd, G. E.; Jensen, S. (2000). "A critical reappraisal of the fossil record of the bilaterian phyla". Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 75 (2): 253–95. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00046.x. PMID 10881389.