Arabic encyclopedia
An Encyclopedia in Arabic is called Mawsooa (ar: موسوعة), coming from the Arabic word wase'e or Wide, several Historical Encyclopedias were created in the Golden Age of islam, concerning Science, History and religion.
History
The early Arabic compilations of knowledge in the Middle Ages included many comprehensive works, and much development of what we now call scientific method, historical method, and citation. About year 960, the Brethren of Purity of Basra were engaged in their Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity. Notable works include Abu Bakr al-Razi's encyclopedia of science, the Mutazilite al-Kindi's prolific output of 270 books, and Ibn Sina's medical encyclopedia, which was a standard reference work for centuries. Also notable are works of universal history (or sociology) from Asharites, al-Tabri, al-Masudi, al-Tabari's History of the Prophets and Kings, Ibn Rustah, Ali ibn al-Athir, and Ibn Khaldun, whose Muqadimmah contains cautions regarding trust in written records that remain wholly applicable today. These scholars had an incalculable influence on methods of research and editing, due in part to the Islamic practice of isnad which emphasized fidelity to written record, checking sources, and skeptical inquiry.
By preserving Latin and Greek texts which would otherwise have been lost, they helped to rekindle the search for knowledge and methods of natural philosophy which would blaze again during the Renaissance.
Following the Ottoman Empire, the Arabic Encyclopedias started to dwindle, along with scientific research, the "renaissance" of the Arab world was over, following the 1950s and the liberation of the Arab states from colonial powers, new encyclopedias started to be published, like the marafa, and with the Internet and an Arab League proposal of creating an online encyclopedia in Arabic, it started to flourish again.[1]
Printed Arabic Encyclopedia
- Arab Encyclopedia (2008–...)
- Arabic Legislations Encyclopedia
- Khalf Aswar el Elm (Behind Scientific Barriers)
- Marefa
- Al-Arabi
- Mawsooat Al mawsooa Al tarikheya lel-alam al Arabi (الموسوعة التاريخية للعالم العربي)
- Anabaa [2]
- Marefah
Online Arabic Encyclopedia
General
- Dahsha (2003–...)
- Intaaj
- Global Arabic Encyclopedia (1992–...)(الموسوعة العربية العالمية)
- Arab Encyclopedia (الموسوعة العربية)
- Arabic Wikipedia (ويكيبيديا العربية)
Scientific
- Arabic Chemistry Encyclopedia
- Al-Mawsooa [3]
Literature
Historical
- Arabiah [3]
Religion
Social
Law
Medical
- King Abdulllah Abdul Aziz Health Encyclopedia