Antipodes parakeet
| Antipodes parakeet | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A parakeet in Wellington Zoo's breeding program | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Superfamily: | Psittacoidea |
| Family: | Psittaculidae |
| Subfamily: | Platycercinae |
| Tribe: | Platycercini |
| Genus: | Cyanoramphus |
| Species: | C. unicolor |
| Binomial name | |
| Cyanoramphus unicolor (Lear, 1831) | |
The Antipodes parakeet or Antipodes Island parakeet (Cyanoramphus unicolor) is endemic to the Antipodes Islands of New Zealand, one of two parrot species found on the islands, and one of only five ground-dwelling parrots in the world. They are long-living birds that may live up to 10 years of age, but the introduction of mice that compete for food with them is a threat to their survival on the Antipodes Islands. Unusually for parrots, they sometimes prey upon other birds, a trait shared by the kea in the Kaikoura region.
Description
It is the largest species in the genus Cyanoramphus at 30 cm (12 in) long.[2] and makes a penetrating kok-kok-kok-kok noise.
Behaviour
These parakeets eat leaves, buds, grass, and tussock stalks, as well as sometimes feeding on seeds, flowers, and will scavenge dead seabirds. The Antipodes parakeet also preys on grey-backed storm petrels, entering burrows to kill incubating adults, even digging at the entrance if it is too small.[3]
Antipodes parakeets spend much of their time on the ground and in very small groups, in pairs or solitary.
They are quite inquisitive, territorial, probing and mischievous.[4]
Their nest is in a tunnel 2 meters beneath the fibrous peat away from the wind.[5]
Population
The population is stable but conservation status is Vulnerable. The population is 2,000-3,000. [6] Originally entirely restricted to the islands that bear their name there is now a small captive population, founded with less than 20 individuals, on the mainland.
Distribution
They are common on the main Antipodes Island, they aren't very common on Bollons Island, they live in very small numbers on Leeward Island where they only live in a 0.1 square kilometer region of the island. The Antipodes parakeet also live on the 0.1 square kilometer Archway Island as well.
Relatives
Their closest relative is Reischek's parakeet, a larger bird than the Antipodes parakeet, which also lives on the Antipodes Islands. Other relatives include the Norfolk parakeet, Society parakeet and Chatham parakeet.
References
- ↑ BirdLife International (2013). "Cyanoramphus unicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ Forshaw (2006). plate 59.
- ↑ Greene, T. (1999) "Aspects of the ecology of Antipodes Parakeet ( Cyanoramphus unicolor) and Reischek's Parakeet ( C. novaezelandiae hochstetten) on Antipodes Island, October - November 1995" Notornis 46: 301-310
- ↑ Department of Conservation (1995) Captive Management Plan Antipodes Island Parakeet http://www.doc.govt.nz/documents/science-and-technical/tsop07.pdf
- ↑ TerraNature | New Zealand ecology - Antipodes Island parakeet (Cyanoramphus unicolor) http://terranature.org/parakeetantipodes.htm
- ↑ Taylor 1985
Cited texts
- Forshaw, Joseph M. (2006). Parrots of the World; an Identification Guide. Illustrated by Frank Knight. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09251-6.
External links
- World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia - Species Profile
- BirdLife Species Factsheet.
- ARKive - images and movies of the Antipodes Parakeet (Cyanoramphus unicolor)
- Antipodes Parakeet TerraNature | New Zealand ecology