Anthomyzidae

Anthomyzidae
Short-winged form of Stiphrosoma sabulosum from Germany
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Superfamily: Opomyzoidea
Family: Anthomyzidae
Genera
  • Amnonthomyza Roháček, 1993
  • Amygdalops Lamb, 1914
  • Anagnota Becker, 1902
  • Anthomyza Fallén, 1810
  • Apterosepsis Richards, 1962
  • Barbarista Roháček, 1993
  • Cercagnota Roháček & Freidberg, 1993
  • Epischnomyia Roháček, 2006
  • Fungomyza Roháček, 1999
  • Ischnomyia Loew, 1863
  • Margdalops Roháček & Barraclough, 2003
  • Mumetopia Melander, 1913
  • Paranthomyza Czerny, 1902
  • Receptrixa Roháček, 2006
  • Santhomyza Roháček, 1984
  • Stiphrosoma Czerny, 1928
  • Typhamyza Roháček, 1992
  • Zealantha Roháček, 2007

Anthomyzidae are small, slender, yellow to black flies with narrow and elongate wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from Europe. Although they occur in all major regions, they seem to be most varied in the Holarctic Region

Around 20 diverse genera have been placed in the family. Two, Teratomyza and Teratoptera are now in Teratomyzidae, and Cyamops and Stenomicra are in Stenomicridae. Melanthomyza Malloch from Chile should probably not be retained in the family. The remaining genera are very similar to one another.

Anthomyzidae wing veins

Description

For terms see Morphology of Diptera.

Minute to small (1.3mm.-4.5 mm), slender flies. They are yellow (sometimes with dark spots or stripes) to black in colour. The postverticals on the head are small, convergent or parallel and rarely absent. There are 2-3 pairs of frontal bristles, which curve backward present and usually preceded by 1 or more weaker bristles.Interfrontal bristles are absent or present.Peristomal bristles ("false vibrissae") present. In the more common Anthomyza and Paranthomyza the lower side of femur 1 has a well developed spine in apical third. Wings usually long and narrow and immaculate (sometimes marked.Some species are brachypterous).Costa with a subcostal break and subcosta incomplete.

Biology

Anthomyza sp. ovipositing on an old (empty) head of grass

Larvae have been reported from decaying dicotyledonous plants, and from fungi and, in Europe, from leaf sheaths of various grasses and of Typha, Scirpus and Juncus, from Lipara galls on Phragmites, It is possible that they may be either phytophagous or saprophagous, but there seem to be no reports of damage to cereals or other plants.

Adults of are usually found in moist habitats such as damp meadows, marshes, bogs and damp deciduous or mixed forests with rich undergrowth. Some species inhabit dry grasslands (some species of Anthomyza and the brachypterous Stiphrosoma sabulosum (Haliday)).

Species Lists

Phylogeny

  Opomyzoidea  
  Clusioinea  

 Clusiidae[1]
  Agromyzoinea  

 Odiniidae

 Fergusoninidae

 Agromyzidae
  Opomyzoinea  

 Opomyzidae+Anthomyzidae

 Asteioinea





Further reading

References

  1. ↑ Nello schema di McAlpine, i Clusiidae sono in relazione con il genere Acartophthalmus, che secondo l'analisi cladistica di Buck (2006) va collocato nel clade dei Carnoidea. Vedi Acartophthalmidae.

External links

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