Anshi National Park

Anshi National Park
Anshi Dandeli Tiger Reserve
IUCN category II (national park)

Road in Anshi National Park
Map showing the location of Anshi National Park

Location in Karnataka, India

Location Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India
Nearest city Dandeli
Coordinates 15°1′0″N 74°23′0″E / 15.01667°N 74.38333°ECoordinates: 15°1′0″N 74°23′0″E / 15.01667°N 74.38333°E
Area 340
Established 2 September 1987
Governing body Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Wildlife), Karnataka
Karnatakawildlifeboard

Anshi National Park (Kannada:ಅಣಶಿ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಉದ್ಯಾನ) is located in Uttara Kannada district, in the Indian state of Karnataka, bordering the state of Goa. The park is a habitat of Bengal tigers, black panthers and Indian elephants, amongst other distinctive fauna.

Anshi Dandeli Tiger Reserve

It is notable that Anshi National Park and Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary were together granted the status of Project Tiger tiger reserve, being declared as 'Anshi Dandeli Tiger Reserve' in January, 2007.[1] The 340 km2 (130 sq mi) Anshi park adjoins the Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary, and together with six adjacent protected areas in the states of Goa and Maharashtra, forms an almost uninterrupted protected forest area of over 2,200 km2 (850 sq mi).

History

The forest in the area was declared the Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary on 10 May 1956. The state proposed carving out a section of the sanctuary to form the Anshi national park, and the proposal was implemented on 2 September 1987.[2] The initial proposal covered 250 square kilometres. When the final notification of the park area was issued in 2002, it was extended by another 90 square kilometres.

The park is home to several hydroelectric dams and nuclear power stations.

Geography

Located in the Western Ghats range from l4°54' to l5°07' N latitude and 74°l6' to 74°30’ E longitude, Anshi's elevation varies from 27–927 m (89–3,041 ft) above MSL. Despite high rainfall in this area, water holes go dry very early in the summer because the soil is laterite, with minimal water-holding capacity.[3]

Park management

The management of National parks and sanctuaries in the state is the responsibility of the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Wild life). Anshi National Park and the adjoining Dandeli wildlife sanctuary together form the Dandeli Wildlife Division of the Karnataka Forest Department, headed by a Deputy Conservator of Forests.

Flora

Anshi National Park forest canopy
Medicinal candy corn plant

The park is in the ecoregions of North Western Ghats montane rain forests and North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests, both of which are deemed endangered by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).[4] The forests have high biodiversity.

Some common trees and plants here include: bintangur, Calophyllum wightianum, Malabar tamarind, Garcinia morella, Knema attenuata, Hopea wightiana, Tetrameles nudiflora, blackboard tree, Flacourtia montana, Machilus macrantha, Carallia brachiata, aini-maram, Artocarpus lacucha, true cinnamon, bamboo, bauhinia, eucalyptus, lantana, silver oak, teak and jamba.[5]

Fauna

The black panther,[6] elephants and tigers live in the park but are rarely seen. Other large mammals here are Indian bison, sloth bear, Indian wild boar, bonnet macaque, northern plains gray langur, gray slender loris, several deer including: barking deer (muntjac), mouse deer (chevrotain), sambar deer and spotted deer (chital or axis deer).

Wild dog, jackal, jungle cat, leopard cat, small Indian civet, Indian gray mongoose, flying squirrel, porcupine, Malabar civet, Indian giant squirrel and pangolin also make their home in the forests here.

Reptiles in the park include the king cobra, spectacled cobra, Russell's viper, saw-scaled viper, common krait, Indian rock python, rat snake, vine snake, green or bamboo pit viper and monitor lizards.

Interesting birds include the Ceylon frogmouth, great hornbill, Malabar pied hornbill, Malabar grey hornbill, Indian grey hornbill and Asian fairy bluebird. Around 200 species of birds are recorded in the park. These include the distinctive adjutant stork, ashy woodswallow, black-crested bulbul, blue-headed pitta, brahminy kite, broad-billed roller, crested serpent eagle, great hornbill, golden-backed woodpecker, Malabar pied hornbill, Sri Lanka frogmouth and yellow-footed green pigeon.[5]

Visitor information

The best months to visit are October to May. The park is open from 6:00 am to 6:00 pm. The nature camp at Kulgi has accommodations available in tents (two beds each), deluxe tents (two beds each), and a dormitory with 16 beds. The climate is quite humid year around. The usual plans are visiting the Bird Trail, Mammal trail in Kulgi which is a 3-km walk. The water sports like jacuzzi, boating, rafting, and canoeing can be planned in the river Kali, and trekking the extremely beautiful Dudhsagar waterfalls by a 20-km trek is also available.

Communication is an issue. Locals are not at all comfortable in talking in any language other than their local tongue. Most of the signboards are written or printed in Kannada hence the non-native visitor may get lost.

Visiting the eco interests in Goa is optional. The local vegetarian food is served.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Rajendran, S (17 January 2007), "Karnataka gets its fourth Project Tiger sanctuary", The Hindu (Chennai, India), retrieved 6-3-2007 Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  2. ↑ Wildlife Institute of India Protected Areas in Karnataka state, (June 2000), URL accessed 2 April 2007
  3. ↑ "About the park", National Parks - Anshi National Park (Karnataka State Wildlife Board), 2011, retrieved 8-3-2012 Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  4. ↑ WWF "North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 6 March 2007.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Flora and Fauna", National Parks - Anshi National Park (Karnataka State Wildlife Board), 2011, retrieved 8-3-2012 Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  6. ↑ Black panther in India
  7. ↑ "Accommodation", National Parks - Anshi National Park (Karnataka State Wildlife Board), 2011, retrieved 8-3-2012 Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anshi National Park.