Angola Horror
| The Angola Horror | |
|---|---|
|
The "Angola Horror" from Frank Leslie's Weekly, 1867 | |
| Details | |
| Date | December 18, 1867 |
| Time | 3.11 pm |
| Location | Angola, New York |
| Country | United States |
| Rail line | Lake Shore Railway |
| Operator | Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula Railroad |
| Type of incident | Derailment |
| Cause | Poor track condition |
| Statistics | |
| Trains | 1 |
| Deaths | 49 |
The Angola Horror train wreck occurred on December 18, 1867, just after 3 p.m. when the last coach of the Buffalo-bound New York Express of the Lake Shore Railway derailed and caught fire in Angola, New York, killing approximately 49 people.
Train
The express left Cleveland's Union Terminal at 6:40 that morning and was due to arrive in Buffalo at 1:30 in the afternoon. Intending to make the journey was future oil magnate John D. Rockefeller, but he arrived a few minutes late at the station, and although his baggage made it onto the train, he did not.[1] That day the train consisted of four baggage cars, one second class car and three first-class cars; each wooden passenger car also had a pot-bellied stove at each end to provide heat, and kerosene lamps for light. The train lost time on the journey, and by the time it passed Angola it was running two hours and forty-five minutes late, traveling rapidly to try to make up lost time. Its last passenger stop before the accident was at Dunkirk; it also stopped at Silver Creek, but only to take on wood and water.
Accident
The train concerned was formed of so-called 'compromise cars,' which were originally designed to allow freight trains to run on both the 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge of the New York Central Railroad as well as the 4 ft 10 in (1,473 mm) Ohio gauge of the Lake Shore Railroad, but this allowed 3⁄8 inch (9.5 mm) lateral movement on the latter, creating instability. As it neared the truss bridge over Big Sister Creek just east of Angola at 3:11, it ran over a 'frog' (the crossing point of two rails); the front axle of the rear car was slightly bent, and the frog caused a wheel on the defective axle to jump off the track, derailing the rear car, which began swaying violently from side to side.[2] The brakes were applied, but the train was still traveling at considerable speed as it crossed the bridge. The last car finally uncoupled from the train and plunged down into the icy gorge. The second-to-last car also derailed, but managed to make it across to the other side of the gorge before sliding 30 feet (9 m) down the embankment; only one person was killed in this car.[3]
Deaths
The passengers in the last car were not so fortunate. It plunged 40 feet down the ice-covered slope to the gully bottom and came to a rest, at a 45 degree angle, with a fearful crash.[3] The passengers were thrown together at the end of the car onto the overturned stove, while the other stove fell upon them from above, releasing hot coals. The carriage immediately caught fire, the fuel from the kerosene lamps fueling the flames. Only two people escaped alive from the carriage; some may have suffocated, but the majority were burned alive. Witnesses spoke of hearing the screams of those trapped inside lasting for five minutes.[4]
Reporting
The accident, dubbed the 'Angola Horror', gripped the imagination of the nation. Accounts of the tragedy, accompanied by grisly illustrations, filled the pages of newspapers for weeks, and showed the tragedy of those trying to identify their loved ones among the charred remains that were pulled from the wreckage. Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper carried five sketches of the scene[5] and concluded "This railroad disaster is accompanied by more horrible circumstances than ever before known in this country, and its results are truly sickening to contemplate".[4]
Aftermath
The accident and the public outcry that arose from it influenced many railroad reforms that soon followed, including the replacement of loosely secured stoves with safer forms of heating, the replacement of wooden cars with iron, more effective braking systems and the standardisation of track gauges.[4]
Dramatization
The accident was featured on the History Channel television series The Men Who Built America, and explained more in detail how John D. Rockefeller missed the train. The depiction of the accident incorrectly portrays the entire train derailing, and not just the last two coaches as actually happened.
Memorial
In 2008 the villagers of Angola erected a sign to mark the site of the accident, dedicated to its victims. It is planned to erect a second memorial to at least 17 unidentified victims buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo.[6]
Footnotes
- ↑ Vogel, Charity (November 30, 2007). "The Angola Train Wreck". American History. Retrieved October 2013.
- ↑ "The Angola Horror". Catskillarchive.com. 2007-06-21. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Railroad Wrecks by Edgar A. Haine publ 1993 ISBN 0-8453-4844-2
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "The Angola Horror by Mitch McCormick". Retrieved 2011-03-31.
- ↑ "Wrecks - Accidents - The "Angola Horror"". Catskillarchive.com. 2007-06-21. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
- ↑ "Village memorializes victims of 1867 train disaster known as the Angola Horror" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-03-31.
Further reading
- Charity Vogel, The Angola Horror: The 1867 Train Wreck that Shocked the Nation and Transformed American Railroads. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013.