Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Fountain

Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Fountain
Artist Sidney Waugh
Year 1951
Type Bronze, Granite, Quartz
Dimensions 12 m (38 ft)
Location Washington, D.C., United States
Owner Department of the Interior

The Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Fountain is a bronze fountain sculpture by Sidney Waugh. It is located in Washington D.C., United States, just north of the National Gallery of Art, at Pennsylvania Avenue, Constitution Avenue, and 6th Street NW.[1] The fountain is maintained by the Department of the Interior and was dedicated on May 9, 1952, by Harry S. Truman.[1][2][3]

Description

The round fountain is made up of three small-to-large nested bronze basins, which sit in a granite outer basin. The outer, and largest, bronze basin is decorated in zodiac signs which sit in their "correct astrological position for the sun's rays." The small basin serves as the venue for a 20 foot[4] tall water spouting jet. The water then proceeds to spill over the small basin and over the edge of the other basins, eventually over and into the granite basin. Surrounding the fountain is a seven foot wide granite walkway and a semi-circular granite bench.[1]

The inscription on the bench reads:

1855.ANDREW W. MELLON.1937
FINANCIER.INDUSTRIALIST.STATESMAN
SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY 1921-1932 AMBASSADOR TO GREAT BRITAIN 1932-1933
FOUNDER OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART 1937
THIS FOUNTAIN IS A TRIBUTE FROM HIS FRIENDS[1]

Information

"It sits like an island, traffic whizzing by on the three major arteries." - Gary Tischler[5]

The fountain serves as a tribute to Andrew Mellon who served as Secretary of the Treasury from 1921–1932 and ambassador to Great Britain from 1932-1933. The fountain shares a Classical architecture style with[6] and sits close by to the National Gallery of Art where Mellon donated his art collection, as well as funding to build the art museum. This memorial fountain cost $300,000, which was donated by Mellon's friends through the Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Committee. The fountain was dedicated on May 9, 1952[1][2][3] and sits on the former site of the Saint James Hotel.[7]

Creation

Authorized by Congress on July 16, 1947,[1] the fountains cascading design was inspired by a fountain in Genoa, Italy.[6] Tuck and Eipel served as the structural engineers and Edward E. Ashley Associates were the mechanical engineers. While excavating for the fountain a 7 ft. x 8 ft. underground tunnel was discovered. The tunnel had to be backfilled with concrete to make a proper bearing capacity for the fountain. Two concentric rings of 30-ton concrete piles had to be driven down 30–40 ft. into the ground to ensure that the ground was level. The largest bronze basin was the largest of its kind ever cast at the time and required "casting in four sections" which had to be fitted together "with great precision." The fountain was cast by the General Bronze Company and Modern Art Factory may have cast the zodiac signs.[1] The pink granite used is from the Swenson Pink Granite Quarry in South Berwick, Maine.[8]

The Aries zodiac faces directly east with the Libra symbol facing west and the Virgo symbol arranged along Pennsylvania Avenue, leading to some believing that Masonic influences were essential in the architecture.[7] On the vernal equinox the sun directly hits Aries, which then faces the rising sun a month later.[4]

Condition

In 1993 the fountain was surveyed by the Smithsonian Institution's Save Outdoor Sculpture! program and was described as "well maintained."[1]

Artists

Paul Manship

Main article: Paul Manship

Sidney Waugh

Sidney Waugh, who designed the zodiacs, also designed the sculptures seen outside of the National Archives and Records Administration and the Federal Reserve Board buildings in Washington, D.C.[9]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Fountain, (sculpture).". Save Outdoor Sculpture!. Smithsonian Institution. 1993. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Mellon Memorial Fountain Dedication". Truman Library Photographs. Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Paul Richard (24 August 2006). "From the Collection:Washington's Prize Possessions". The Washington Post.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Rita Kempley (23 August 1982). "Sculpture Under the Sun". The Washington Post.
  5. ↑ Gary Tischler (22 June 2000). "Water becomes art at area fountains; Visitors find visual appeal, relief from heat". The Washington Times.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Benoliel, Alice L. (2010). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Washington, Part 3. DK Publishing.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ovason, David (March 2002). The Secret Architecture of Our Nation's Capital: The Masons and the Building of Washington, D.C. Harper Paperbacks. ISBN 0-06-095368-3.
  8. ↑ "Quarries in Maine & Quarry Links, Photographs, and Articles (Continued)". Stone Quarries and Beyond. 2011. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
  9. ↑ "Andrew W. Mellon Memorial Water Fountain". DCpages. 2011. Retrieved 23 April 2011.

Further reading

External links

Coordinates: 38°53′32.59″N 77°1′9.9″W / 38.8923861°N 77.019417°W