Ammonium sulfide

Ammonium sulfide
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium sulfide
Other names
Diammonium sulfide
Identifiers
12135-76-1 Yes
ChemSpider 23808 Yes
Jmol-3D images Image
PubChem 25519
RTECS number BS4900000
UNII 2H0Q32TDFZ Yes
UN number 2683 (solution)
Properties
(NH4)2S
Molar mass 68.154 g/mol
Appearance yellow crystals (> −18 °C)[1]
hygroscopic
Density 0.997 g/cm3
Melting point decomposes at ambient temperatures
128.1 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in alcohol
very soluble in liquid ammonia
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU Index 016-008-00-2
EU classification Corrosive (C)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases R31, R34, R50
S-phrases (S1/2), S26, S45, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g., gasoline) Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
3
3
0
Flash point 32.22 °C (90.00 °F; 305.37 K)
Related compounds
Other anions
 Ammonium hydroxide
Other cations
 Sodium sulfide
Potassium sulfide
Related compounds
 Ammonium hydrosulfide
Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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Infobox references

Ammonium sulfide, also known as diammonium sulfide, is an unstable salt with the formula (NH4)2S. Aqueous solutions purporting to contain this salt are commercially available. With a pKa exceeding 15,[2] the hydrosulfide ion cannot be deprotonated to an appreciable amount by ammonia. Thus, such solutions mainly consist of a mixture of ammonia and (NH4)SH. Ammonium sulfide solutions are used occasionally in photographic developing, to apply patina to bronze, and in textile manufacturing. Also, due to its offensive smell, it is the active ingredient in a variety of foul pranks including the common stink bomb.

It can be used as a selective reducing agent (cf Clonitazene), where there are 2 nitro groups only one of them is selectively reduced.

Safety

Solutions of "ammonium sulfide" are hazardous as labile sources of toxic hydrogen sulfide.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
  2. ↑ Meyer B, Ward K, Koshlap K, Peter L "Second dissociation constant of hydrogen sulfide" Inorganic Chemistry', (1983). volume 22, pp. 2345.doi:10.1021/ic00158a027
  3. ↑ J. T. Baker: MSDS for Ammonium Sulfide