Amarna letter EA 153

EA 35, obverse.
("Out-of-Focus")
The fractured upper left corner shows the surface gloss of the clay tablet, and its non-gloss interior; similar high surface-gloss letters are EA 9, EA 23, EA 153, and EA 362.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Amarna letters.

Amarna letter EA 153, titled: Ships on Hold,[1] is a short-length clay tablet letter from Abimilku of the island (at Amarna letters time) of city-state Tyre.

EA 153 is about 3 in tall x 2 in wide (photo here ), and has a missing flaked, lower right corner on its obverse affecting two lines of text. Fortunately one line repeats "...King, Lord-mine...," allowing for only one line of more difficult restoration.

The letter shows a high-gloss surface on the clay tablet, and being a short letter, has only 5 to 8/9 cuneiform characters per line. It contains one special cuneiform sign for ship, MÁ, MÁ (ship Sumerogram), a sign used in both the Amarna letters, and the Epic of Gilgamesh. Also, the letter's scribe used mostly 'very-short' stroked, and 'fat-and-rounded' cuneiform strokes (see here ), instead of the more 'arrow-shaped', sharp, and linear strokes, . Since on EA 153, there are also distinct, medium-sized wedge strokes, (example "be" ) as well as L-shaped strokes (angled stylus), the scribe may have used 2 or more styluses.

The clay tablet letter is located in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, no. 24.2.12.

The Amarna letters, about 300, numbered up to EA 382, are mid 14th century BC, about 1350 BC and 25? years later, correspondence. The initial corpus of letters were found at Akhenaten's city Akhetaten, in the floor of the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh; others were later found, adding to the body of letters.

EA 153, obverse, bottom, and last lines

Moran's non-linear letter English language translation (translated from the French language):[2]

(Lines 1-3)--[To] the king, my lord: [Mes]sage of Abimilku,1 your servant. I fall at your feet 7 times and 7 times. ( "7 and 7 times" )
(4-11)--I have carried out what the king, my lord, ordered. The entire land-("country-side") is afraid of the troops of the king, my lord. I have had my men hold ships at the disposition of the troops of the king, my lord.
(line 16, end of obverse)
(12-20)--Whoever has disobeyed has no family, has nothing alive. Since I gua[rd the ci]ty of the king, [my] lo[rd], m[y] s[afety] is the king's responsibility. [May he take cognizance] of his servant who is on his side.2--(obverse, bottom edge, and top of reverse, with lacunae restored)

EA 153, Akkadian text

The Akkadian language text, Metropolitan Museum of Art (Spar 1988).[3]

Obverse
-(Line 1)--[ a-na ] LUGAL EN-lí-ia
-(2)--[u]m-ma IIa-Bi-LUGAL [ ÌR ]-ka
-(3)--7 u 7 a-na GÌR.MEŠ-ka am-qut
-(4)--ša i[q-b ]i LUGAL be-li-ia
-(5)--šu-[ ut ] e-te-pu-uš
-(6)--pal-ha-at gáb-bi
-(7)--KUR-ti iš-tu pa-ni
-(8)--(ÉRIN)ERIM.MEŠ LUGAL EN-lí-ia
-(9)--su-hi-iz-ti LÚ.MEŠ-ia
-(10)--gišMÁ.MEŠ a-na pa-ni
-(11)--(ÉRIN)ERIM.MEŠ LUGAL be-li-ia
-(12)--ù ša la iš-te-mi
-(13)--ia-nu É-šu ia-nu
-(14)--bal-tá-šu an-nu-ú
-(15)--a-na-an-ṣ[ár UR ] U(?)
-(16)--LUGAL be-[li -i]a
Lower Edge
-(17)--[ šu-ul ]-[[mi (cuneiform)|m[i]] ]
-(18)--mu-hi LUGAL li-[de]
Reverse
-(19)--a-na ÌR-šu ša
-(20--it-ti-šu

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. The Amarna Letters. EA 153, Ships on Hold, p. 240.
  2. ↑ Moran 1987, 1992. The Amarna Letters. EA 153, Ships on Hold, p. 240.
  3. ↑ Spar, Ira. (1988) Cuneiform Texts in the Metropolitan Museum of Art: Tablets, Cones, and Bricks of the Third and Second Millennia B.C., Vol. 1., EA 153, pp. 150-151.