Agenda for Change

Agenda for Change (AfC) is the current National Health Service (NHS) grading and pay system for all NHS staff, with the exception of doctors, dentists and some senior managers. It covers more than 1 million people and harmonises their pay scales and career progression arrangements across traditionally separate pay groups, in the most radical change since the NHS was founded.

It came into operation on 1 December 2004, following agreement between the unions, employers and governments involved.

Job evaluation

The AfC system allocates posts to set pay bands by giving consideration to aspects of the job, such as the skills involved, under an NHS Job Evaluation Scheme.^[1] There are nine numbered pay bands subdivided into points, similar to the old alphabetic Whitley Council 'grades' pay scales. A set of national job profiles has been agreed to assist in the process of matching posts to pay bands.^[2] All staff will either be matched to a national job profile, or their job will be evaluated locally. In theory, AfC is designed to evaluate the job rather than the person in it, and to ensure equity between similar posts in different areas. In reality it has been implemented differently in different places, and some posts have been graded very differently from similar jobs elsewhere, despite the supposedly tighter definitions. Around 5% of staff have appealed their gradings, but again the appeals process varies from site to site. Current indications suggest that lower bandings are being used in London and Scotland than elsewhere in the country.

Under AfC, all staff will have annual development reviews against the NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework (KSF). Normal pay progression is one point a year, but pay progression at specified 'gateway' points in each pay band will depend on how the individual matches the KSF outline for their post. Progression onto a different band has become very difficult, as the post would need to have changed substantially in order to be re-graded (even if the person in the post has developed and become more experienced or taken on more responsibilities this would not be seen as a good enough reason to re-band a post).

Staff have a contributory pension with tiered employee contribution rates starting at a 5% rate increasing in 7 steps to 14.5% on income above £111,000.^[3]

History

When the NHS was established in 1948, it adopted the Whitley industrial relations system, which was used in the civil service and local government. The system stemmed from work done by J. H. Whitley in 1916 and provided a framework for pay, terms and conditions.

The NHS Whitley system has essentially been unaltered since its inception, although there have been some changes. Nevertheless, it has been heavily criticised for decades. These criticisms centred on its structure, complexity, over centralisation, lack of flexibility and equal value.

Negotiations on a new system began in February 1999 when the Agenda for Change White Paper was published. It aimed to address the issues of the Whitley system and highlighted the need for a change of pay, career structures and terms and conditions of employment within the NHS. It stated that any new pay system must deliver equal pay for work of equal value.

A number of organisations were involved in the discussions and negotiations including:

• The four health departments of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales
• NHS Employers - which represents NHS employers
• Twenty trade unions and representative bodies.

Negotiations on the new pay system were concluded in November 2002, allowing full-scale testing of the new Agenda for Change pay system to begin at 12 early implementer sites in England in June 2003, with pilot sites in Scotland following.^[4]

On 1 December 2004 it was implemented across the UK, with pay and conditions backdated to 1 October 2004.^[5] Although most NHS employees in England and Wales were quick to transfer to the new system with staff receiving their back-pay, Scotland had been slower to implement the system because Scotland took a more robust approach to the implementation. All the signatory organisations agreed to implement it through a partnership approach.^[6]

In 2013 some amendments to Agenda for Change were agreed:^[7]

• incremental pay rises for staff will now be conditional on individuals meeting locally set performance requirements
• for the top three bands, 8c, 8d and 9, increments will have to be earned annually, and might not be retained where the appropriate local level of performance is not reached
• for the top three bands employers may introduce alternative local pay arrangements
• better protection for staff moved to lower grade posts.

From September 2014 NHS Wales intends to pay NHS staff at least the living wage, resulting in about 2,400 employees receiving an increase in salary of up to £470 above UK wide Agenda for Change rates.^[8]

Bands

Example job profiles within the bands are:

1. Administration, catering, domestic, portering
2. Administration, catering, clinical support worker, patient transport, pharmacy assistant
3. Microbiology assistant, secretary, security, emergency care support workers, occupational therapy assistants, physiotherapy assistants, speech therapy assistants
4. Mortuary, radiography or occupational therapy assistant, office manager, medical secretary, operating department practitioner (during training or entry level), assistant psychologists, nursing auxiliaries and nursery nurses, ambulance practitioners, physiotherapy assistants, speech therapy assistants
5. Nurse & midwife (old D and E grades), dental technician (entry level), Diagnostic/Therapeutic Radiographers, dietician, occupational therapist, paramedic, emergency medical technician, senior pharmacy technician, physiotherapist, assistant psychologists (higher grade), Clinical Physiologists, operating department practitioner (qualified), Speech & Language Therapists (newly qualified), Biomedical Scientists (entry level)
6. Junior Sister/ specialist senior staff nurse, Senior II Radiographer (diagnostic/therapeutic) Art therapist, specialist dental technician, paramedic practitioner, emergency nurse/care practitioner, health visitor, nurse specialist, trainee clinical psychologist, pharmacist, Senior Clinical Physiologists, Senior Physiotherapist, Senior Occupational Therapist, Biomedical Scientists (specialist level).
7. Senior sister, Advanced Nurse Practitioner, Senior Radiographer (diagnostic/therapeutic team leader), Sonographer, Chief dental technician, management - clinical & administrative, qualified psychologist,specialist pharmacist,specialist paramedic, Chief Clinical Physiologists, Senior Physiotherapist, Senior Occupational Therapist, Physician Associate, Biomedical Scientists (Senior level)
8. Advanced pharmacists, paramedic, modern matrons, nurse & midwife consultants, Superintendent Radiographers (diagnostic/therapeutic), higher management, psychologists, senior therapists (divided into 4 bands - a, b, c, d), Senior Chief Clinical Physiologists, Senior Physician Assistant, Chief Biomedical Scientists.
9. Consultant Psychologists who run large services, Chief Pharmacists managing large/multiple departments

References

External links

• Agenda for Change pay, NHS Employers
• Agenda for Change national pay scales for 2012-2013
• Agenda for Change national pay scales for 2013-2014
• Agenda for Change national pay scales for 2014-2015
• NHS terms and conditions of service handbook, Pay Circular (AforC) 3/2012, incorporating Amendment 27
• NHS Job Evaluation Handbook, Fourth edition, July 2013, NHS Employers
• e-KSF: The official NHS Knowledge & Skills Framework & Development Review Process System
• NHS Pension Scheme: 2013/14 Tiered Employee Contributions