Afro Turks

Afro Turks
Türkiye'deki Afrikalılar

Regions with significant populations
Muğla, Izmir, Antalya
Languages
Turkish, Cretan Greek

Afro Turks are people of African origin in Turkey. Like the Afro-Abkhazians, they trace their origin back to the African branch of the Ottoman slave trade.

History

Beginning several centuries ago, a number of Africans, usually via Zanzibar (as Zanj) and from places such as Niger, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Kenya and Sudan,[1] came to the Ottoman Empire settled by the Dalaman, Menderes and Gediz valleys, Manavgat, and Çukurova. African quarters of 19th-century İzmir, including Sabırtaşı, Dolapkuyu, Tamaşalık, İkiçeşmelik, and Ballıkuyu, are mentioned in contemporary records.[2]

Chief black eunuch in the Imperial Harem in 1912.

Some came from Crete following the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923. They settled on the Aegean coast, mainly around İzmir.[3] Africans in Ayvalık declare that their ancestors from Crete spoke Greek when they came to Turkey and learned Turkish later.[4] Afro-Turks living in İzmir celebrated the traditional spring festival Dana Bayramı ("Calf Festival") until the 1960s. Dana Bayramı has currently been revived among the younger generation of Afro-Turks.[2]

Ulcinj in Montenegro had its own black community – descendants of the Ottoman slave trade that had flourished there.[5] As a consequence of the slave trade and privateer activity, it is told how until 1878 in Ulcinj 100 black people lived.[6] The Ottoman Army counted thousands of Black African soldiers in its ranks. The army sent to Balkans during the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18 included 24,000 men from Africa.[7]

Today

Areas with significant populations are in the Aegean Region, especially İzmir, Aydın, and Muğla. At the time of Barack Obama's inauguration, a group of Afro-Turks from the districts Ortaca, Dalaman, and Köyceğiz gathered in Ortaca for celebration.[8] There are also people of African ancestry living in some villages and municipalities of Antalya and Adana provinces.[9] Some of the descendants of the African settlers remain, mixed with the rest of the population in these areas, and many migrated to larger cities.[3] These factors make it difficult to guess the number of Afro-Turks.[10]

Notable Afro-Turks

Arts

Sports

Literature

Politics

Military

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ "Turks with African ancestors want their existence to be felt". Todayszaman.com. 2008-05-11. Retrieved 2012-05-03.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Afro-Türklerin tarihi, ''Radikal'', 30 August 2008, retrieved 22 January 2009". Radikal.com.tr. 2008-08-30. Retrieved 2012-05-03.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Turks with African ancestors want their existence to be felt". Today's Zaman. Todayszaman.com. 11 May 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2008.
  4. ↑ Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç: Balıkesir/Ayvalık, afroturk.org, retrieved 25 January 2009
  5. ↑ "Yugoslavia – Montenegro and Kosovo – The Next Conflict?". Cyber-adventures.com. 1997-01-16. Retrieved 2012-05-03.
  6. ↑ "Ulcinj – History". Visit-montenegro.com. Retrieved 2012-05-03.
  7. ↑ Dieudonne Gnammankou, "African Slave Trade in Russia", in Doudou Diene, La Chaine et le lien, Paris: Editions UNESCO, 1998.
  8. ↑ "Afro-Turks meet to celebrate Obama inauguration". Today's Zaman. Todayszaman.com. 20 January 2009. Retrieved 22 January 2009.
  9. ↑ "Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç". Afroturk.org. Retrieved 25 January 2009.
  10. ↑ Afrika'nın kapıları İzmir'e açılıyor, Yeni Asır, 21 November 2008, retrieved 25 January 2009.
  11. ↑ Marie Woolf: "UK peer Meral Hussein-Ece and artist cousin Tracey Emin trace roots to slavery", The Australian, 19 July, 2010

External links