ARINC 661

ARINC 661
Status Published
Year started 2001
Latest version 5
April 2013
Organization AEEC - Engineering Standards for Aircraft Systems
Domain Avionics
Abbreviation ARINC 661
Website ARINC 661 website

ARINC 661 is a standard which aims to normalize the definition of a Cockpit Display System (CDS), and the communication between the CDS and User Applications (UA) which manage aircraft avionics functions. The GUI definition is completely defined in binary Definition Files (DF).

The CDS software is constituted of a kernel which is able to create the GUI hierarchy specified in the DF during initialization, thus not needing to be recompiled if the GUI definition changes.

History and adoption in industry

The first version of the standard was adopted in 2001. Its first use was for Airbus A380 CDS development. The first supplement was adopted in 2003, and added new widgets. The second supplement was adopted in June 2005, and added supplementary widgets. Third supplement has been adopted in 2007.[1] Supplement 4 was adopted in 2010.

The standard is known today to be used for Airbus A380 and A400M CDS development,[2][3] and also Boeing 787 CDS development.[4] AgustaWestland company use ARINC 661 for the development of a new Touchscreen unit in the upgraded Merlin helicopter for the Royal Navy.[5][6][7][8] In March 2011, Embraer announced that it selected SCADE Solutions for ARINC 661, a COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) tool for ARINC 661 development, for its future developments.[9]

Supplement history

Supplement Release Date Highlights
Initial version2001First use for Airbus A380 development
12003New widgets, vertical maps
2June 2005New widgets
32007New widgets
42010New widgets
52013New widgets, widgets extensions, Look specification, User Application to Cockpit Display System interface specification

Technical overview

The standard normalizes :

In order to be compliant with the standard, a CDS must have a kernel that can create the widgets tree during CDS initialization, using the Definition File, and communicate with UA in both ways using the runtime protocol.

ARINC 661 does not imply the use of a particular Data bus structure to perform the low-level communication between CDS and UA. For example, an ARINC 429 or ethernet protocol can be used, but it is not mandatory.

GUI definition

Each DF binary file specify the GUI definition for one User Application (UA) User interface. Several UA user interface trees can be combined to constitute the CDS display definition.

A DF is composed of two parts : an optional symbol definition, and a widgets definition. The widget library is similar to Widgets used in computing. There are Containers, Lists, ScrollPanes, Buttons, Menus, Labels, EditBoxes, etc...

Although the DF File is binary, the standard has also defined an associated XML definition, which is easier to manipulate in tools.

Relationship with other UI languages

The concepts used by ARINC 661 are close to those used in User interface markup languages, except that the UI language is binary and not XML based.[10]

Main similarities from other User interface markup languages:

Main differences from other User interface markup languages :

Example

The following example presents the XML Definition File for a Layer containing a panel enclosing a label, which shows the text "Hello World!". Note that contrary to most widget toolkits, ARINC 661 widgets origins are relative to the lower left-hand corner of their parent container, and screen units are not in pixel but in 1/100 of millimeters.

  <?xml version="1.0"?>
  <!DOCTYPE a661_df SYSTEM "a661.dtd">
  <a661_df library_version="0" supp_version="2">
    <model>
      <prop name="ApplicationId" value="1"/>
    </model>
    <a661_layer>
      <model>
        <prop name="LayerId" value="5"/>
        <prop name="ContextNumber" value="23"/>
        <prop name="Height" value="10000"/>
        <prop name="Width" value="10000"/>
      </model>
      <a661_widget name="SamplePanel" type="A661_PANEL">
        <model>
          <prop name="WidgetIdent" value="1"/>
          <prop name="Enable" value="A661_TRUE" />
          <prop name="Visible" value="A661_TRUE" />
          <prop name="PosX" value="0"/>
          <prop name="PosY" value="0"/>
          <prop name="SizeX" value="10000"/>
          <prop name="SizeY" value="10000"/>
          <prop name="StyleSet" value="STYLESET_DEFAULT" />
        </model>
        <a661_widget name="Hello World Label" type="A661_LABEL">
           <model>
             <prop name="WidgetIdent" value="2"/>
             <prop name="Anonymous" value="A661_FALSE" />
             <prop name="Visible" value="A661_TRUE" />
             <prop name="PosX" value="5000" />
             <prop name="PosY" value="5000" />
             <prop name="SizeX" value="1500" />
             <prop name="SizeY" value="1000" />
             <prop name="RotationAngle" value="0.0" />
             <prop name="StyleSet" value="0" />
             <prop name="MaxStringLength" value="20" />
             <prop name="MotionAllowed" value="A661_TRUE" />
             <prop name="Font" value="T4" />
             <prop name="ColorIndex" value="black" />
             <prop name="Alignment" value="A661_CENTER" />
             <prop name="LabelString" value="Hello World!" />
           </model>
        </a661_widget>
      </a661_widget>
    </a661_layer>
  </a661_df>

Development and tools support

ARINC 661 GUI development includes tools for the specification of definition files and the kernel that use these files:

COTS specification tools for DF specification currently include SCADE Solutions for ARINC 661 Compliant Systems, DiSTI's GL Studio ARINC 661 Toolkit and Presagis VAPS XT 661 Toolkit.

Esterel Technologies announced on October 13, 2010, the availability of SCADE Solutions for ARINC 661 in 2011.[11] SCADE Solutions for ARINC 661 allow creating both ARINC 661-compliant CDS and UA. For CDS developers, the toolchain features a complete customizable ARINC 661 compliant model-based widgets library and the automated generation of a portable ARINC 661 server, compliant with the DO-178B/C safety objectives up to level A. For UA developers, the toolchain features the model-based design and generation of DFs and the automatic generation of communication code between SCADE Suite UA models and the ARINC 661 Server.

The GL Studio ARINC 661 Toolkit is a plug-in to GL Studio HMI Toolkit that delivers a set of pre-existing customizable widgets, a DF Generator, CDS, Communication Libraries, and a User Application Generator.

Presagis [12] introduced the first COTS ARINC 661 development tool which allows creation of Widgets, Layers, DF Generation and embeddable real-time COTS CDS kernel with DO-178B/C certification artifacts [13][14] It must also be noted that because of the burden of Avionics software certification, the kernel must be embedded in a DO-178B-compliant environment.

Flexible Software Solutions introduced COTS Testing and analysis tools for ARINC 661 protocol at the beginning of 2012. [15] The UAM tool can be used to test and debug UA and CDS ARINC 661 messaging.

See also

References

  1. "Cockpit Display Systems (CDS) Subcommittee". AEEC. 2007-06-14. Archived from the original on 11 June 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
  2. Adams, Charlotte (2003-03-01). "A380 Innovations: A Balancing Act". aviationtoday.com. Archived from the original on 30 June 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
  3. Adams, Charlotte (2003-07-01). "Airbus A400M". aviationtoday.com. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
  4. Jensen, David (2005-11-01). "B787 Cockpit: Boeing’s Bold Move". aviationtoday.com. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
  5. "AgustaWestland Selects Presagis’s Next-Generation VAPS XT 661 Tool to Fly Aboard Its Aircraft". airframer.com. 2006-06-10. Retrieved 2009-07-25.
  6. "Barco wins major contract under Royal Navy Merlin upgrade program". Barco NV. 2007-06-18. Retrieved 2009-01-03.
  7. "AgustaWestland Accelerates Merlin HMI TouchScreen display software development with COTS ARINC 661 prototyping tools". presagis.com. 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
  8. "Helicopter HMIs: Managing risk with automatic code generation, standards, and simulation". mil-embedded.com. September 2008. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
  9. "Embraer selects SCADE Solutions for ARINC 661 from Esterel for cockpit display development". militaryaerospace.com. 2011-03-17. Retrieved 2011-05-06.
  10. The standard also specifies an XML format for the UI language, but it is mainly used to ease DF production by specification tools. The kernel is initialized with the binary version of DFs
  11. "Esterel Technologies Introduces SCADE ARINC 661 Solutions for Interactive Cockpit Displays Development". Esterel Technologies. 2010-10-13. Archived from the original on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
  12. "Understanding ARINC 661 and the benefits of 661-based development tools". Presagis. Retrieved 2010-11-07.
  13. http://www.presagis.com/products_services/products/embedded-graphics/hmi_modeling_and_display_graphics/vaps_xt_178/#features
  14. http://www.presagis.com/products_services/products/embedded-graphics/hmi_modeling_and_display_graphics/vaps_xt_178/#overview
  15. http://uasquared.co.uk/content/ua-emulator-product-launch

External links