AA amyloidosis

AA amyloidosis
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 E85
ICD-9 277.3
DiseasesDB 16
eMedicine med/3388

AA amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis, i.e. a disease characterized by the abnormal deposition of fibers of insoluble protein in the extracellular space of various tissues and organs. In AA amyloidosis, the deposited protein is serum amyloid A protein (SAA), an acute-phase protein which is normally soluble and whose plasma concentration is highest during inflammation.[1]

Causes

AA amyloidosis is a complication of a number of inflammatory diseases and infections.:[2]

Pathology

The SAA protein is mainly deposited in the liver, spleen and kidney, and AA amyloidosis can lead to nephrotic syndrome.[6][7]

Current Clinical Research

Kiacta - (eprodisate disodium) is currently being evaluated as a protector of renal function in AA amyloidosis.

Transmission of amyloidosis

There is evidence that eating amyloid fibers may lead to amyloidosis. This evidence is based on studies in cattle, chickens, mice, and cheetahs.[8] Thus, in a sense, SAA amyloidosis may be considered a contagious disease, although whether this occurs or is important in the development of naturally occurring amyloidosis remains unknown. Nevertheless, because amyloid fibers can be detected in muscle in low amounts, it raises some concern about whether people could develop amyloidosis as a result of ingesting meat from an animal with the disease.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Lachmann HJ, Goodman HJ, Gilbertson JA et al. (June 2007). "Natural history and outcome in systemic AA amyloidosis" (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine 356 (23): 2361–71. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa070265. PMID 17554117.
  2. ↑ Chapter 5 in: Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson. Robbins Basic Pathology. Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2973-7. 8th edition.
  3. ↑ d'Ythurbide, G; Kerrou, K; Brocheriou, I; Hertig, A (2012). "Reactive amyloidosis complicated by end-stage renal disease 28 years after liquid silicone injection in the buttocks". Case Reports 2012: bcr2012006803. doi:10.1136/bcr-2012-006803. PMID 23035166.
  4. ↑ Emekli, U; Tümerdem, B; Demiryont, M (2002). "Rupture of a silicone gel mammary prosthesis and amyloidosis: A case report". Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 26 (5): 383–7. doi:10.1007/s00266-002-2022-x. PMID 12432480.
  5. ↑ Goldman, A. B.; Bansal, M (1996). "Amyloidosis and silicone synovitis: Updated classification, updated pathophysiology, and synovial articular abnormalities". Radiologic clinics of North America 34 (2): 375–94, xi. PMID 8633122.
  6. ↑ "AA (Inflammatory) Amyloidosis". Medscape Reference.
  7. ↑ "AA Amyloidosis". BU Amyloid Treatment & Research Program.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Murakami, T; Ishiguro N; Higuchi K (March 2014). "Transmission of Systemic AA Amyloidosis in Animals". Veterinary Pathology 51 (2): 363–371. doi:10.1177/0300985813511128. PMID 24280941.

External links