800s (decade)
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
| Centuries: | 8th century – 9th century – 10th century |
| Decades: | 770s 780s 790s – 800s – 810s 820s 830s |
| Years: | 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 |
| Categories: | Births – Deaths Establishments – Disestablishments |
This is a list of events occurring in the 800s, ordered by year.
800
By place
Europe
- December 25 – Charlemagne, king of the Franks, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by pope Leo III as Charles I with the title "Emperor of the Franks and the Lombards". The coronation takes place during mass at the Basilica of St. Peter in Rome on Christmas Day. The Frankish Empire is formed in Western Europe which is not recognized by empress Irene at Constantinople. This triggers a series of disputes with the Byzantines around who is officially ruling the former Western Roman Empire.
- The Rus' Khaganate (modern Russia) is created by people who are called Rus' after 182 year dominance of the Khazars. This is the starting period of the rise of the Kievan Rus', and the later states of Belarus and Ukraine (approximate date).
Britain
- King Eardwulf of Northumbria has his men seize prince Ealhmund, son of the late king Alhred, and put him to death. He is buried at Derby in the St. Alkmund's Church and later revered as a saint (approximate date).
Mesoamerica
- Itza culture starts in Mesoamerica (approximate date).
Polynesia
- The first settlers of the Hawaiian Islands arrive (approximate date).
By topic
Religion
- Retirement of archbishop Hygeberht of Lichfield. He is succeeded by Ealdwulf. King Coenwulf of Mercia is on better terms with the archiepiscopal of Canterbury than his predecessor, and unsuccessfully attempts to have the Mercian archiepiscopal see transferred to London (approximate date).
- Book of Kells is written and illuminated in a Columban monastery in the British Isles (approximate date).
801
By place
Europe
- Emperor Charlemagne formally cedes Nordalbian territory (modern-day Schleswig-Holstein) to the pagan Obotrites. Allies of the Carolingian Empire.[1]
- April 3 – King Louis the Pious, son of Charlemagne, captures Barcelona after a siege of several months. Bera is appointed first count of Barcelona.
Britain
- King Eardwulf of Northumbria leads an army into Mercia against his rival Coenwulf in order to flush out other claimants to the Northumbrian throne.
By topic
Religion
- Rabanus Maurus, Frankish Benedictine monk, takes his vows in the monastery of Fulda and receives the ordination as a deacon.
802
By place
Byzantine Empire
- October 31 – Empress Irene is deposed after a 5-year reign, and banished to Lesbos. High-ranking patricians place Nikephoros, the minister of finance (logothetes tou genikou), on the throne. He is crowned in the Hagia Sophia at Constantinople by patriarch Tarasios as emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
Europe
- Pagan Danes invade Obodrite-ruled Schleswig to take over territory almost emptied by the forcible deportations of the Saxons by emperor Charlemagne.[2]
- Al-Andalus: Saragossa rises against the Emirate of Córdoba. Emir Al-Hakam I sends a Muslim army under general Amrus ibn Yusuf and retakes the city.[3]
- Krum becomes ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire (until 814). During his reign the Bulgarian territory doubles in size, from the Danube to the Dniester.
Britain
- King Beorhtric of Wessex dies after drinking a chalice of poison intended by his wife, Eadburh. She flees to the court of Charlemagne, who accepts a portion of her wealth and makes her abbess. Prince Egbert returns to Wessex and is accepted as new king.[4]
- Battle of Kempsford: Æthelmund, ealdorman of Hwicce, is killed during the battle by his rival Weohstan and levies of West Saxon Wiltshire.[5]
Asia
- Prince Jayavarman declares the Khmer Empire (modern-day Cambodia) independent and establishes the kingdom of Angkor. He is reconsecrated as a world ruler (chakravartin) or god-king (devaraja) under Hindu rites.
By topic
Religion
- The Haeinsa Temple of the Jogye Order is build in Korea.
803
By place
Europe
- Nikephoros I of the Byzantine Empire and Charlemagne of the Holy Roman Empire settle their imperial boundaries and sign Pax Nicephori.
- Venice is recognized as independent by the Byzantine Empire.
- Stiftskeller St. Peter, possibly Central Europe's oldest restaurant is founded.[6]
- Khan Krum rises on the throne of the First Bulgarian Empire.
Asia
- Unsuccessful rebellion of the Byzantine general Bardanes Tourkos against Nikephoros in western Anatolia.
- Fall of the Barmakids from power in the Abbasid Caliphate.
804
By place
Asia
- Japanese monk Kukai visits China, from which he brings back texts of Shingon (Esoteric Buddhism).
- 804–805 – Priest Saicho, patriarch of Tendai Buddhism, visits China and reportedly brings back tea seeds.
Byzantine Empire
- Emperor Nikephoros I of Byzantium suffers a major defeat against the Saracens at the Battle of Krasos.
Oceania
- March 25 – The Inscription of Sukabumi from Eastern Java marks the beginning of the Javanese language.
Europe
- Charlemagne finishes the conquest of Saxony.
By topic
Religion
- March 30 – Saint Ludger becomes the first Bishop of Munster.
805
By place
Asia
- Tang Shunzong succeeds Tang Dezong as emperor of China, but does not last till the end of the year.
Europe
- Oldest known mention of Magdeburg.
- The Battle of Canburg is fought between Charlemagne and the Slavs.
- Khan Krum of Bulgaria conquers the Eastern part of the Avar Khaganate and destroys it.
- Failure of the Siege of Patras (805 or 807) marks the end of independent rule by the South Slavs in the Peloponnese.
806
By place
Asia
- Emperor Heizei succeeds Emperor Kammu as Emperor of Japan.
- Hōzen-ji is founded in Wakakusa, Nakakoma District, Japan (now Minami-Alps, Yamanashi Prefecture).
- The Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid leads a huge invasion of Byzantine Anatolia, and raids Cappadocia sacking several fortresses.
- A large-scale rebellion against oppressive taxation by the Abbasid governor Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan begins in Khurasan, led by Rafi ibn al-Layth.
Europe
- November – al-Andalus: the Umayyad emir, al-Hakam I, reasserts his control over the city of Toledo, autonomous since 797; to this effect the emir has over 700 locals killed in what came to be known as the "day of the trench".[3]
- For a short time, Dalmatia is part of the Frankish rather than the Byzantine Empire.
- The Saracens sack Nola, Italy.
- Vikings kill all the inhabitants on the religious island of Iona, Scotland.
By topic
Religion
- April 12 – Nicephorus is elected patriarch of Constantinople, succeeding Tarasius.
- July 26 – Wulfred is elected archbishop of Canterbury.[7]
807
By place
Europe
- In England, after the death of Cuthred of Kent, king Coenwulf of Mercia takes control over Kent himself.
- The Christianized Vikings (Danes) land on the Cornish coast, and form an alliance with the Cornish to fight against the 'heathen' West Saxons.
- Al-Andalus: uprising in Mérida against the Umayyad emirate.[3]
- Failure of the Siege of Patras (805 or 807) marks the end of independent rule by the South Slavs in the Peloponnese.
Asia
- Li Ji Pu becomes Prime Minister to Emperor Xian Zong in China.
- Dhappula III becomes king of Sri Lanka, making Anuradhapura the capital city.
By topic
Religion
- The Jame' Atiq Mosque of Qazvin is constructed in Qazvin by the orders of Harun al-Rashid.
- The great Book of Armagh is written by Ferdomnach, a scribe at the School of Armagh.
- The temple of Motoyamaji is built in Toyonaka, Japan.
Science
- The first record of sun spots appears in Europe.
808
By place
Asia
Europe
- King Eardwulf is driven out of North-East England and succeeded by Alfwold II, but Eardwulf is restored following Alfwold’s death.
- In the Gharb al-Andalus (present day Portugal), Hazim ibn Wahb leads a rebellion against the Emir of Córdoba.[8]
809
By place
Asia
- Emperor Saga succeeds Emperor Heizei as emperor of Japan.
- Nagabhatta is defeated in India.
Europe
- April 9 – The Bulgars capture Sofia.
- A rebellion in the Gharb al-Andalus (present day Portugal) is squashed by the emir of Córdoba.[9]
Significant people
- Charlemagne
- Haroun al-Raschid
- Jayavarman II
- Nicephorus I
- Krum
- Du Mu
Births
Deaths
References
- ↑ David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 21. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
- ↑ David Nicolle (2014). The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785, p. 21. ISBN 978-1-78200-825-5
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique. Paris: Seuil. p. 87. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.
- ↑ Kirby, Earliest English Kings, p. 186
- ↑ Williams, Smyth & Kirby, A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain (1991), p. 24
- ↑ MYTravelGuide Stifskeller St Peter
- ↑ Brooks, N. P. (2004). "Wulfred (d. 832)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30095. Retrieved 7 November 2007.(subscription or UK public library membership required)
- ↑ Serrão, Joel; de Oliveira Marques, A. H. (1993). "O Portugal Islâmico". Hova Historia de Portugal. Portugal das Invasões Germânicas à Reconquista (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Editorial Presença. p. 124.
- ↑ Serrão, Joel; de Oliveira Marques, A. H. (1993). "O Portugal Islâmico". Hova Historia de Portugal. Portugal das Invasões Germânicas à Reconquista (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Editorial Presença. p. 125.