627
This article is about the year 627. For the number, see 627 (number). For other uses, see 627 (disambiguation).
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 6th century – 7th century – 8th century |
| Decades: | 590s 600s 610s – 620s – 630s 640s 650s |
| Years: | 624 625 626 – 627 – 628 629 630 |
| 627 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 627 DCXXVII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1380 |
| Armenian calendar | 76 ԹՎ ՀԶ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5377 |
| Bengali calendar | 34 |
| Berber calendar | 1577 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1171 |
| Burmese calendar | −11 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6135–6136 |
| Chinese calendar | 丙戌年 (Fire Dog) 3323 or 3263 — to — 丁亥年 (Fire Pig) 3324 or 3264 |
| Coptic calendar | 343–344 |
| Discordian calendar | 1793 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 619–620 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4387–4388 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 683–684 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 549–550 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3728–3729 |
| Holocene calendar | 10627 |
| Iranian calendar | 5–6 |
| Islamic calendar | 5–6 |
| Japanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | 627 DCXXVII |
| Korean calendar | 2960 |
| Minguo calendar | 1285 before ROC 民前1285年 |
| Seleucid era | 938/939 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1169–1170 |
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Maneuvers during the Battle of Nineveh (Iraq)
Year 627 (DCXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 627 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
- Spring – Byzantine–Sasanian War: Emperor Heraclius sweeps through southern Armenia with a 50,000 expeditionary force, recapturing most of the Byzantine fortresses lost to the Persians ten and fifteen years earlier. The army of Shahrbaraz, still in Anatolia, is now cut off completely. Hearing from Byzantine agents (showing him letters) that king Khosrau II, dissatisfied with his failure to capture Constantinople, is planning to have him executed. Surrenders to Heraclius, refusing to join the Byzantine army against his ungrateful sovereign.
- Third Perso-Turkic War: The Göktürks and their Khazar allies (40,000 men) approach the Caspian Gates and capture the Persian fortress at Derbent (modern Dagestan). Heraclius marched to the upper Tigris and invades the Persian heartland. Leaving the Khazars under Tong Yabghu Qaghan to continue the siege of Tblilisi.[1]
- December 12 – Battle of Nineveh: Heraclius crosses the Great Zab River and defeats, in a feigned retreat, the Persian army (12,000 men) under Rhahzadh near the ruins of Nineveh (Iraq). Although wounded, Heraclius refuses to leave the battlefield, and in a final cavalry charge personally kills the Persian general.[2]
- Winter – Heraclius plunders the city palace of Dastgird (Iran) and gains tremendous riches (also recovering 300 captured Byzantine flags).[3] He turns north-eastward to Caucasian Albania to rest his army. Khosrau II flees to the mountains of Susiana to rally support for the defense of the Persian capital Ctesiphon.[4][5]
Britain
- King Eorpwald of East Anglia is murdered and succeeded by Ricberht. He is a member of the East Anglian elite, during his rule paganism is re-established.
Arabia
- March 31 – Battle of the Trench: Muhammad successfully withstands a siege for 27 days at Medina by Meccan forces (10,000 men) under Abu Sufyan, whose allies, the Jewish tribe of Banu Qurayza, ultimately surrender to Muhammad.[6]
- Constitution of Medina: Muhammed creates a confederation between Muslim followers in Mecca and eight Arab clans in Saudi Arabia (approximate date).
By topic
Religion
- April 12 – Paulinus, last of the missionaries send by pope Gregory I, builds a wooden church in the old Roman legionary headquarters in York and baptises Edwin of Northumbria as the first Christian king in northern England.[7]
- Synod of Mâcon: A council of Christian bishops approve in the city of Mâcon (Burgundy) the Monastic Rule of Saint Columbanus.[8]
- Cunibert is elected bishop of Cologne. Throughout his episcopacy, monasticism flourish in Austrasia (approximate date).
Education
- St Peter's School, York, is founded by Paulinus.
Births
- Cui Zhiwen, official of the Tang dynasty (d. 683)
Deaths
- Amatus, Benedictine abbot and hermit
- Bonus, Byzantine general and regent
- Cathal mac Áedo, king of Cashel (Ireland)
- King Eorpwald of East Anglia (approximate date)
- Feng Deyi, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 568)
- November 10 – Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury
- Luo Yi, official of the Sui dynasty
- Pei Ju, official of the Tang dynasty
- Rhahzadh, Persian general
- Sichilde, Frankish queen
- King Stephen I of Iberia (Georgia)
- Zaynab bint Khuzayma, wife of Muhammad (b. 595)
References
- ↑ Kaegi, Walter Emil (2003), "Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium", Cambridge University Press, p. 144. ISBN 0-521-81459-6
- ↑ Kaegi, Walter Emil (2003), "Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium", Cambridge University Press, p. 167. ISBN 0-521-81459-6
- ↑ Kaegi, Walter Emil (2003), "Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium", Cambridge University Press, p. 173. ISBN 0-521-81459-6
- ↑ Oman, Charles (1893), "Europe, 476–918", Volume 1 (p. 211)
- ↑ Norwich, John Julius (1997), "A Short History of Byzantium", Vintage Books, p. 93. ISBN 0-679-77269-3
- ↑ Watt, "Muhammad at Medina", p. 36
- ↑ Bede, H.E. Volume II, chapter 14
- ↑ "St. Columbanus". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company (1913)