1992–93 South Pacific cyclone season
| |
| Season summary map |
| First system formed |
December 3, 1992 |
| Last system dissipated |
May 19, 1993 |
| Strongest storm |
Prema – 940 hPa (mbar), 185 km/h (115 mph) (10-minute sustained) |
| Total depressions |
10 |
| Tropical cyclones |
10 |
| Severe tropical cyclones |
6 |
| Total fatalities |
None reported |
| Total damage |
$18.5 million (1993 USD) |
South Pacific tropical cyclone seasons
1990–91, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95 |
| Related articles |
|
|
The 1992–93 South Pacific cyclone season was a near average tropical cyclone season with ten tropical cyclones occurring within the South Pacific to the east of 160°E. The season officially ran from November 1, 1992, to April 30, 1993 with the first disturbance of the season forming on December 3 and the last disturbance dissipating on April 6.
During the season, tropical cyclones were monitored by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers (TCWC) in Nadi, Fiji, and in Wellington, New Zealand.[A 1] Whilst tropical cyclones that moved to the west of 160°E were monitored as a part of the Australian region by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Both the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the Naval Western Oceanography Center (NWOC) issued unofficial warnings within the southern Pacific. The JTWC issued warnings between 160°E and the International Date Line whilst the NWOC issued warnings for tropical cyclones forming between the International Date Line and the coasts of the Americas. Both the JTWC and the NWOC designated tropical cyclones with a number and a P suffix with numbers assigned in order to tropical cyclones developing within the whole of the Southern Hemisphere. TCWC Nadi and TCWC Wellington both use the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale, and measure windspeeds over a period of ten minutes, while the JTWC and the NWOC measured sustained winds over a period of one minute and use the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.
Seasonal summary
On July 1, 1992 the New Zealand Meteorological Service (TCWC Wellington) was broken up and became the Meteorological Service of New Zealand and the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research.[1]
Storms
Severe Tropical Cyclone Joni
| Category 4 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
December 3 – December 14 |
| Peak intensity |
165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min) 940 mbar (hPa) |
Name Retired but reused.
Severe Tropical Cyclone Kina
Main article:
Cyclone Kina
| Category 3 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
December 23 – January 6 |
| Peak intensity |
150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min) 955 mbar (hPa) |
On December 23, TCWC Nadi started to monitor a tropical depression, that had developed within the monsoon trough about 340 km (210 mi) to the northeast of Honiara on the Solomon Island of Guadalcanal.[2] Over the next few days the depression gradually developed further as it moved slowly towards the south-southeast, before during December 26, the JTWC designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 07P and started to issue warnings on the system as it had become equivalent to a tropical storm.[3][4] During the next day, the system appeared to slightly relax before it resumed developing from about 1200 UTC with TCWC Nadi naming it Kina later that day, after the depression developed into a category one tropical cyclone.[2][5] Early on December 28, the JTWC reported that the system had become equivalent to a category 1 hurricane on the SSHWS.[3] During that day Kina continued to develop as it moved south-eastwards, before it turned towards the south and became slow moving later that day, before the JTWC reported during the next day that Kina had reached its peak intensity with 1-minute sustained wind speeds of 220 km/h (140 mph) which made it a category 4 hurricane on the SSHWS.[3][4] Later that day TCWC Nadi reported that Kina had peaked as a category 3 severe tropical cyclone with 10 – minute sustained wind speeds of 150 km/h (90 mph).[2][5]
Tracked towards the capital, Suva, where it caused significant damage and reports of casualties.[6] The main bridge and secondary bridge to the international airport at Nadi collapsed and subsequently delayed the evacuation of tourists from the island, with emergency ferry services forced to ferry passengers from buses waiting on either side of the river bank.
Throughout Fiji, 23 people were killed and damage amounted to $100 million.[7]
Severe Tropical Cyclone Nina
| Category 3 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 1 – January 5 |
| Peak intensity |
140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min) 960 mbar (hPa) |
Tropical Storm 08P
| Tropical depression (Australian scale) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 1 – January 3 |
| Peak intensity |
85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min) 991 mbar (hPa) |
On January 1, TCWC Nadi reported that a tropical depression had developed about 500 km (310 mi) to the east of Alofi in Niue.[8] During that day the depression moved towards the east before on January 2, the NPMOC designated it as Tropical Cyclone 08P.[8] During that day 08P started to move towards the southeast through the Cook Islands before the NPMOC reported that it had peaked with 1-minute sustained windspeeds of 45knots. During January 3, 08P rapidly degenerated into an extratropical low about 405 km to the southeast of Papeete in French Polynesia.
Tropical Depression 09P
| Tropical depression (Australian scale) |
| Tropical depression (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 11 – January 13 |
| Peak intensity |
65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min) |
Severe Tropical Cyclone Lin
| Category 3 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 29 – February 5 |
| Peak intensity |
120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min) 970 mbar (hPa) |
Tropical Cyclone Mick
| Category 1 tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
February 3 – February 11 |
| Peak intensity |
85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min) 987 mbar (hPa) |
Tropical Cyclone Nisha
| Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
February 3 – February 11 |
| Peak intensity |
110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min) 975 mbar (hPa) |
Tropical Cyclone Oli
| Category 1 tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
February 14 – February 20 |
| Peak intensity |
75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min) 990 mbar (hPa) |
Severe Tropical Cyclone Polly
| Category 3 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
February 27 – March 9 |
| Peak intensity |
155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min) 945 mbar (hPa) |
Tropical Cyclone Roger
| Category 2 tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
March 20 – March 27 |
| Peak intensity |
95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min) 985 mbar (hPa) |
Severe Tropical Cyclone Prema
| Category 4 severe tropical cyclone (Australian scale) |
| Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
March 24 – April 6 |
| Peak intensity |
185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min) 940 mbar (hPa) |
Season effects
This table lists all the storms that developed in the South Pacific to the east of longitude 160°E during the 1992–93 season. It includes their intensity on the Australian Tropical cyclone intensity scale, duration, name, landfalls, deaths, and damages. All data is taken from the warning centers from the region unless otherwise noted.
See also
Notes
- ↑ TCWC Nadi warned on systems in the South Pacific located from the Equator to 25°S and from 160°E to 120°W. TCWC Wellington warns on systems from 25°S to 40°S and from 160°E to 120°W
References
- ↑ Steiner, J Thomas; Martin, John R; Gordon, D Neil; Grant, Malcolm A (September 1991). "Commercialization in the provision of meteorological services in New Zealand". Meteorological Applications (Royal Meteorological Society) 4 (3): 247–257. doi:10.1017/S1350482797000480.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prasad, Rajendra; Nadi Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (May 20, 1996). Tropical Cyclone Kina, December 23, 1992 - January 5, 1993 (Tropical Cyclone Report 92/1). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on March 6, 2013. Retrieved March 21, 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Joint Typhoon Warning Center; Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center. "Tropical Cyclone 07P (Kina) best track analysis". United States Navy, United States Air Force. Archived from the original on March 25, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Joint Typhoon Warning Center; Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center (1993). Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1993 (PDF) (Report). United States Navy, United States Air Force. pp. 165 — 170, 216 — 224. Retrieved January 31, 2013.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 RSMC Nadi – Tropical Cyclone Centre, TCWC Brisbane, TCWC Wellington (May 22, 2009). "TCWC Wellington Best Track Data 1967–2006". Fiji Meteorological Service, Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited, Australian Bureau of Meteorology. United States: International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship.
- ↑ http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/ACOS-64DDYY?OpenDocument
- ↑ http://www.apfm.info/pdf/case_studies/cs_fiji.pdf
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Beven, Jack (1993-01-07). "Weekly tropical cyclone summary #74 (December 27, 1992 – January 3, 1993)". Google Groups. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- ↑ Unattributed (1993). "Vanuatu Cyclone Perma Mar 1993 UNDHA Information Reports 1–5". Reliefweb. Archived from the original on 2010-08-02. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
External links
| 1990–1999 South Pacific cyclone seasons |
|---|
| |
|
