1957 Tour de France

1957 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 27 June–20 July 1957
Stages 22
Distance 4,669 km (2,901 mi)
Winning time 135h 44' 42" (34.250 km/h or 21.282 mph)
Palmares
Winner  Jacques Anquetil (France) (France)
Second  Marcel Janssens (Belgium) (Belgium)
Third  Adolf Christian (Austria) (Switzerland)
Points  Jean Forestier (France) (France)
Mountains  Gastone Nencini (Italy) (Italy)
Team France

The 1957 Tour de France was the 44th Tour de France, taking place June 27 to July 20, 1957. It was composed of 22 stages over 4665 km, ridden at an average speed of 34.250 km/h.[1]

The 1957 Tour was the first win for Jacques Anquetil, who won the Tour five times over his career.

The French national team was very successful in the 1957 Tour de France; not only did they provide the winning cyclist, they also won the team classification, and almost every daily team classification. They lost only one cyclist (last year's winner Roger Walkowiak), and had the stage winner 12 times. They had Forestier winning the points classification, and Bergaud second in the mountains classification. Only once they did not have the yellow jersey for the leader in the general classification, when Barone took it after the seventh stage.[2]

Changes from the 1956 Tour de France

For the first time since the introduction of the national team format in 1930, the riders were allowed to have advertising on their jerseys.[3]

The Tour organisation had a conflict with the French television, and as a results there had almost been no live television coverage of the 1957 Tour de France.[4] At the last moment the organizers and the television agreed on how much the television would pay for the right to cover the Tour, and the race was broadcast.[5] For the other journalist, the conditions improved: a mobile press room with modern communication equipment was installed, so the journalists had the best conditions to report.[6]

The cut-off time, which had been set at 10% of the winner in 1956, was reduced to 8% of the winner in 1957. In the seventh and eighth stage it would be 10% of the winner, while in stages 10, 11, 16, 17 and 18 the cut-off time would be 12% of the winner. In each stage, if the number of cyclists removed from the race would be more than 15% of the cyclists that started the stage, the cut-off time would be increased by 2%. The goal of this reduction in cut-off time was to make the race tougher.[7]

Favourites

The route of the 1957 Tour de France contained many mountains, so mountain specialists Charly Gaul and Federico Bahamontes were considered favourites.[8] Gaul, had requested to ride in the Dutch team, but this was not allowed.[9]

Louison Bobet and Raphael Géminiani, two important French cyclists, did not race in 1957, so the French team needed new stars. The team was then built around young Jacques Anquetil, who had broken the hour record earlier that year.[10]

The riders who had been favourites in previous years had stopped (Fausto Coppi), had lost their greatness (Hugo Koblet), or had chosen not to participated (Louison Bobet). As a result, there was no outspoken favourite. Roger Walkowiak, who had won the previous edition, had not shown good results since. Charly Gaul had lost the 1957 Giro d'Italia when he was almost sure of winning it, so he was not considered to be in great form. Gastone Nencini, who won the 1957 Giro, was not considered constant enough. The Spanish team was considered the best Spanish team ever, but they were more favourite for the mountain classification than for the general classification. And the Belgian team was focussed around Jan Adriaensens.[11]

Race details

The first stage was won by André Darrigade, who had also won the first stage in the previous edition. The first stages were run in hot weather, and many cyclists had to give up. After six stages, there were only 83 cyclists remaining, from the 120 that started.[12] In the second stage, Darrigade's team mate Privat took over the yellow jersey. The Luxembourg favourite, Charly Gaul, abandoned on that stage[10] due to sickness.[13]

In the fifth stage, French cyclist Jacques Anquetil took the lead in the general classification, so in the seventh stage he wore the yellow jersey for the first time in his career.[12] It was too early in the race to defend that jersey, so two days later he allowed regional cyclist Nicolas Barone to take the yellow jersey. One day later the French national team took back the yellow jersey, when Jean Forestier took the lead by 15 minutes.[12]

In the ninth stage, Spanish climber Bahamontes abandoned.[13] In stage 10, the first mountain stage, Anquetil took the lead back. Although Gastone Nencini won the stage, Anquetil was only one and a half minute behind, which was enough. In the second mountain stage the riders remained calm, as the French team was superior and dominated the race.[12]

In the second part of the fifteenth stage, a short time trial of 10 km, Anquetil won his first time trial in the Tour de France.

In the Pyrenées from stage 16 to stage 18, the attack on Anquetil's leading position did not take place. In stage 16, the weather had turned bad, with coldness, rain, hail and fog, which made the course dangerous. Several cyclists fell: Nello Lauredi broke his wrist and abandoned the race, and Stanislas Bober had to abandon due to a shoulder injury.[12] The main victims of the bad weather were reporter Alex Virot and his motor cyclist René Wagner, who fell from their motor; Virot died on the spot, and the motor cyclist on the way to the hospital. It was the only accident that Wagner ever had in his career.[14]

Bofore stage 18, the French team had the first three places in the general classification with Anquetil, Forestier and Mahé.[15] In stage 18, the last mountain stage, Anquetil was in good shape, and he attacked early on. But in the food zone he missed his food bag, and some time later he was out of energy. Several cyclists passed him, but later in the stage Anquetil got help and finished only two and a half minutes after the winner Nencini.[14]

Marcel Janssens and Adolf Christian were in the leading group, while Forestier and Mahé lost considerable time, so Janssens and Christian took the podium places.[12] Anquetil was still leading, and nobody doubted that he would win the race, especially because there was still an individual time trial coming up, Anquetil's specialty. And indeed, Anquetil won that time trial with a margin of more than two minutes.[12]

Stages

The 1957 Tour de France started on 27 June, and had two rest days, in Thonon-les-Bains and Barcelona,[16] although the second rest day had a short time trial of less than 10 km.[17] Every stage had a winning cyclist (the cyclist who crossed the finish line first, or in case of a time trial who took the shortest time to complete the course) and a team that wins the daily team classification (the team of which the three best cyclists had the lowest accumulated time). The cyclist who wins the stage therefore is not always part of the team that wins the daily team classification.

Stage results[13][18]
Stage Date Route Terrain Length Winner Team
1 27 June Nantes – Granville Plain stage 204 km (127 mi)  André Darrigade (FRA)  France
2 28 June Granville – Caen Plain stage 226 km (140 mi)  René Privat (FRA)  France
3A 29 June Circuit de la Prairie Team time trial 15 km (9.3 mi)  France  France
3B Caen – Rouen Plain stage 134 km (83 mi)  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  France
4 30 June Rouen – Roubaix Plain stage 232 km (144 mi)  Marcel Janssens (BEL)  Belgium
5 1 July Roubaix – Charleroi Plain stage 170 km (110 mi)  Gilbert Bauvin (FRA)  France
6 2 July Charleroi – Metz Plain stage 248 km (154 mi)  André Trochut (FRA) North East-Central France
7 3 July Metz – Colmar Stage with mountain(s) 223 km (139 mi)  Roger Hassenforder (FRA)  Netherlands
8 4 July Colmar – Besançon Plain stage 192 km (119 mi)  Pierino Baffi (ITA)  Italy
9 5 July Besançon – Thonon-les-Bains Plain stage 188 km (117 mi)  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  France
10 7 July Thonon-les-Bains – Briançon Stage with mountain(s) 247 km (153 mi)  Gastone Nencini (ITA)  France
11 8 July Briançon – Cannes Stage with mountain(s) 286 km (178 mi)  René Privat (FRA)  France
12 9 July Cannes – Marseille Stage with mountain(s) 239 km (149 mi)  Jean Stablinski (FRA)  France
13 10 July Marseille – Alès Plain stage 160 km (99 mi)  Nino Defilippis (ITA)  France
14 11 July Alès – Perpignan Plain stage 246 km (153 mi)  Roger Hassenforder (FRA) North East-Central France
15A 12 July Perpignan – Barcelona Plain stage 197 km (122 mi)  René Privat (FRA)  France
15B 13 July Circuit de Montjuich Individual time trial 9.8 km (6.1 mi)  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  France
16 14 July Barcelona – Ax-les-Thermes Stage with mountain(s) 220 km (140 mi)  Jean Bourlès (FRA) South West France
17 15 July Ax-les-Thermes – Saint-Gaudens Stage with mountain(s) 236 km (147 mi)  Nino Defilippis (ITA)  France
18 16 July Saint-Gaudens – Pau Stage with mountain(s) 207 km (129 mi)  Gastone Nencini (ITA)  France
19 17 July Pau – Bordeaux Plain stage 194 km (121 mi)  Pierino Baffi (ITA)  Italy
20 18 July Bordeaux – Libourne Individual time trial 66 km (41 mi)  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  France
21 19 July Libourne – Tours Plain stage 317 km (197 mi)  André Darrigade (FRA)  France
22 20 July Tours – Paris Plain stage 227 km (141 mi)  André Darrigade (FRA)  France

In 1957, the split stages were numbered differently: the third stage consisted of the team time trial and the stage from Caen to Rouen but they were not called 3A and 3B; the fifteenth stage was only the stage from Perpignan to Barcelona, and the short individual time trial was referred to as the time trial between stage 15 and 16, without number.

Classification leadership

Stage General classification
 Points classification
 Mountains classification Team classification
1  André Darrigade (FRA)  André Darrigade (FRA) no award  France
2  René Privat (FRA)  Joseph Thomin (FRA)
3A
3B
4  Stanislas Bober (FRA)
5  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  Joseph Thomin (FRA)  Daan de Groot (NED)
6
7  Nicolas Barone (FRA)  Louis Bergaud (FRA)
8  Jean Forestier (FRA)
9
10  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  Gastone Nencini (ITA)
11
12  Louis Bergaud (FRA)
13
14
15A
15B
16  Wim van Est (NED)
17  Jean Forestier (FRA)
18  Gastone Nencini (ITA)
19
20
21
22
Final  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)  Jean Forestier (FRA)  Gastone Nencini (ITA)  France

Results

General classification

The time that each cyclist required to finish each stage was recorded, and these times were added together for the general classification. If a cyclist had received a time bonus, it was subtracted from this total; all time penalties were added to this total. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey. Of the 120 cyclists that started the 1957 Tour de France, 56 finished the race.

Final general classification (1–10)[13]
RankRiderTeamTime
1  Jacques Anquetil (FRA) France 135h 44' 42"
2  Marcel Janssens (BEL) Belgium +14' 56"
3  Adolf Christian (AUT) Switzerland +17' 20"
4  Jean Forestier (FRA) France +18' 02"
5  Jesus Lorono (ESP) Spain +20' 17"
6  Gastone Nencini (ITA) Italy +26' 03"
7  Nino Defilippis (ITA) Italy +27' 57"
8  Wim Van Est (NED) Netherlands +28' 10"
9  Jan Adriaenssens (BEL) Belgium +34' 07"
10  Jean Dotto (FRA) South East France +36' 31"

Points classification

The points classification in 1957 was calculated in the same way as since the introduction in 1953, following the calculation method from the Tours de France from 1905 to 1912. Points were given according to the ranking of the stage: the winner received one points, the next cyclist two points, and so on. These points were added, and the cyclist with the least points was the leader of the points classification. In 1957, this was won by Jean Forestier with 301 points.[13] Over 22 stages (including two split stages), this meant that his average stage finish was approximately place 14.

Final points classification (1–10)[19]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1  Jean Forestier (FRA) France 301
2  Wim van Est (NED) Netherlands 317
3  Adolf Christian (AUT) Switzerland 366
4  Joseph Thomin (FRA) West France 402
5  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)France 405
6  Fernand Picot (FRA) West France 418
7  Jef Planckaert (BEL) Belgium 445
8  Désiré Keteleer (BEL) Belgium 460
9  Gastone Nencini (ITA) Italy 533
10  Gilbert Bauvin (FRA) France 573

Mountains classification

Points for the mountains classification were earned by reaching the mountain tops first. The system was almost the same as in 1956: there were three types of mountain tops: the hardest ones, in category 1, gave 10 points to the first cyclist, the easier ones, in category 2, gave 6 points to the first cyclist, and the easiest ones, in category 3, gave 3 points. Gastone Nencini won this classification.[13]

Final mountains classification (1–11)[19]
RankRiderTeamPoints
1  Gastone Nencini (ITA) Italy 44
2  Louis Bergaud (FRA) France 43
3  Marcel Janssens (BEL) Belgium 32
4  Jacques Anquetil (FRA)France 24
4  Jesus Loroño (ESP) Spain 24
6  Jean Adriaenssens (BEL) Belgium 20
7  Henri Anglade (FRA) South East France 18
8  Marcel Queheille (FRA) South West France 17
8  Jean Dotto (FRA) South East France 17
10  Jean Stablinski (FRA) France 16
10  Marcel Rohrbach (FRA) North East-Center France 16

Team classification

The team classification was calculated as the sum of the daily team classifications, and the daily team classification was calculated by adding the times in the stage result of the best three cyclists per team. It was won by the French team, with a large margin over the Italian team.

Final team classification[19]
RankTeamTime
1 France 405h 59' 08"
2 Italy +1h 24' 36"
3 Belgium +2h 24' 36"
4 Netherlands +3h 43' 43"
5 West France +3h 51' 49"
6 Northeast-Center France +4h 38' 43"
7 Ile de France +4h 44' 40"
8 South East France +4h 57' 50"
9 South West France +5h 11' 25"
10 Switzerland +5h 28' 32"
11 Spain +5h 59' 00"

The Luxembourg/Mixed team finished with only one cyclist, so they were not included in the team classification.

Other classifications

The combativity award was given to Nicolas Barone.[1]

Aftermath

Jacques Anquetil would later win the Tour de France four more times.

From 1960 to 1967, the "Alex Virot award" was given to the most loyal cyclist, named after the journalist who died during the 1957 Tour de France.[20][21]

Further reading

References

General
Specific
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Augendre, Jacques (2009). "Guide Historique, part 6" (PDF) (in French). Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 2009-10-03. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  2. ↑ "Anquetil was de veelzijdigste renner; Darrigade eerste in Parc des Princes" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 22 July 1957. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  3. ↑ Dauncey, Hugh; Hare, Geoff (2003). The Tour de France, 1903-2003: a century of sporting structures, meanings, and values. Routledge. ISBN 0-7146-5362-4.
  4. ↑ Thompson, p.283
  5. ↑ "Franse televisie zendt toch Tour de France uit" (in Dutch). 25 June 1957. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  6. ↑ Thompson, p.45
  7. ↑ "Bepalingen Ronde van Frankrijk verscherpt" (in Dutch). 13 April 1957. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  8. ↑ Velo news, Volume 36, Edition 11. Inside Communications, Inc. 2007. p. 162.
  9. ↑ "Formatie Tour-ploeg geen groot probleem" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 20 June 1957. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Barry Boyce (2004). "Maitre Jacques' Decisive Debut". Cycling Revealed. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  11. ↑ "Etappe-wedstrijd nog 200 km langer; bergetappes zijn dit jaar zeer zwaar" (in Dutch). 25 June 1957. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Amels, Wim (1984). De geschiedenis van de Tour de France 1903–1984 (in Dutch). Sport-Express. pp. 79–80. ISBN 90-70763-05-2.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 "44ème Tour de France 1957" (in French). Memoire du cyclisme. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2006). The Story of the Tour de France Volume 1: 1903-1964. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 225–227. ISBN 1-59858-180-5.
  15. ↑ "44ème Tour de France 1957 - 17ème étape" (in French). Memoire du cyclisme. Retrieved 17 December 2009.
  16. ↑ Augendre, Jacques (2009). "Guide Historique, part 3" (PDF) (in French). Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 2009-10-03. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  17. ↑ "Tour de France 1957 langs andere route" (in Dutch). 17 January 1957. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  18. ↑ Arian Zwegers. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCC. Archived from the original on 2009-06-10. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "1957: 44e editie". Tourdefrance.nl. 30 December 2003. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  20. ↑ "Klassementen" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 16 July 1960. Retrieved 23 December 2009.
  21. ↑ "Prix Alex Virot voor Felice Gimondi" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 24 July 1967. Retrieved 23 December 2009.