1952 VFL season
1952 VFL Premiership season | |
---|---|
Teams | 12 |
Premiers |
Geelong (5th premiership) |
Minor premiers |
Geelong (7th minor premiership) |
Matches played | 118 |
Highest attendance | 82,890 |
Leading Goalkicker Medallist | John Coleman (Essendon) |
Brownlow Medallist |
Bill Hutchison (Essendon) Roy Wright (Richmond) |
← 1951 1953 → |
The 1952 Victorian Football League season was the 56th season of the elite Australian rules football competition.
Premiership season
In 1952, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, plus two substitute players, known as the 19th man and the 20th man. A player could be substituted for any reason; however, once substituted, a player could not return to the field of play under any circumstances.
Teams played each other in a home-and-away season of 19 rounds.
There was an extra round (round 8), in addition to 1951's 18 rounds, promoted as a "National Day Round", and held on the Saturday (14 June) of the Queen's Birthday weekend while the Victorian State side played against the West Australian State side at Melbourne Cricket Ground (also on 14 June).
The season was constructed as follows: in matches 1 to 7 and 9 to 12 the teams played each other. Round 8, the "National Day Round", was the reverse of round 11 (and the designated round 8 "home team" was the reverse of that in round 11). Rounds 13 to 19 were the "home-and-way reverse" of matches 1 to 7.
Once the 19 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1952 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the "Page-McIntyre system".
Round 1
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Fitzroy | 5.15 (45) | Richmond | 7.12 (54) | Brunswick Street Oval | 20,500 | 19 April 1952 |
South Melbourne | 11.16 (82) | St Kilda | 8.26 (74) | Lake Oval | 18,000 | 19 April 1952 |
Melbourne | 14.13 (97) | Geelong | 15.13 (103) | MCG | 25,000 | 19 April 1952 |
Footscray | 6.10 (46) | Essendon | 6.5 (41) | Western Oval | 24,000 | 19 April 1952 |
Hawthorn | 2.8 (20) | Collingwood | 15.16 (106) | Glenferrie Oval | 14,000 | 19 April 1952 |
North Melbourne | 8.19 (67) | Carlton | 13.12 (90) | Arden Street Oval | 22,000 | 19 April 1952 |
Round 2
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Essendon | 14.12 (96) | North Melbourne | 13.11 (89) | Windy Hill | 21,000 | 26 April 1952 |
Collingwood | 13.17 (95) | Fitzroy | 8.14 (62) | Victoria Park | 26,000 | 26 April 1952 |
Carlton | 12.12 (84) | South Melbourne | 13.11 (89) | Princes Park | 31,500 | 26 April 1952 |
St Kilda | 13.11 (89) | Melbourne | 12.19 (91) | Junction Oval | 19,000 | 26 April 1952 |
Richmond | 12.10 (82) | Hawthorn | 8.14 (62) | Punt Road Oval | 13,000 | 26 April 1952 |
Geelong | 10.4 (64) | Footscray | 7.15 (57) | Kardinia Park | 30,000 | 26 April 1952 |
Round 3
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Geelong | 14.15 (99) | St Kilda | 5.4 (34) | Kardinia Park | 20,500 | 3 May 1952 |
Collingwood | 9.21 (75) | Essendon | 7.9 (51) | Victoria Park | 34,000 | 3 May 1952 |
Carlton | 10.12 (72) | Fitzroy | 13.14 (92) | Princes Park | 25,500 | 3 May 1952 |
South Melbourne | 14.17 (101) | Richmond | 12.9 (81) | Lake Oval | 28,500 | 3 May 1952 |
Melbourne | 8.12 (60) | Hawthorn | 10.14 (74) | MCG | 13,500 | 3 May 1952 |
North Melbourne | 11.11 (77) | Footscray | 10.6 (66) | Arden Street Oval | 20,000 | 3 May 1952 |
Round 4
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Hawthorn | 11.3 (69) | South Melbourne | 8.12 (60) | Glenferrie Oval | 15,000 | 10 May 1952 |
Footscray | 6.16 (52) | Melbourne | 10.16 (76) | Western Oval | 20,000 | 10 May 1952 |
Fitzroy | 6.15 (51) | Geelong | 14.16 (100) | Brunswick Street Oval | 19,500 | 10 May 1952 |
Richmond | 18.13 (121) | North Melbourne | 16.15 (111) | Punt Road Oval | 24,000 | 10 May 1952 |
St Kilda | 8.16 (64) | Collingwood | 12.12 (84) | Junction Oval | 19,500 | 10 May 1952 |
Essendon | 13.9 (87) | Carlton | 13.16 (94) | Windy Hill | 28,000 | 10 May 1952 |
Round 5
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Melbourne | 8.9 (57) | South Melbourne | 10.11 (71) | MCG | 27,000 | 17 May 1952 |
Geelong | 11.16 (82) | North Melbourne | 6.10 (46) | Kardinia Park | 20,000 | 17 May 1952 |
Footscray | 9.6 (60) | Richmond | 5.6 (36) | Western Oval | 22,500 | 17 May 1952 |
Fitzroy | 6.6 (42) | Hawthorn | 5.11 (41) | Brunswick Street Oval | 9,500 | 17 May 1952 |
St Kilda | 11.10 (76) | Essendon | 18.8 (116) | Junction Oval | 17,500 | 17 May 1952 |
Collingwood | 15.16 (106) | Carlton | 7.14 (56) | Victoria Park | 36,000 | 17 May 1952 |
Round 6
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Collingwood | 12.19 (91) | Footscray | 4.5 (29) | Victoria Park | 20,500 | 31 May 1952 |
Carlton | 14.10 (94) | St Kilda | 10.13 (73) | Princes Park | 12,500 | 31 May 1952 |
North Melbourne | 6.13 (49) | Melbourne | 9.9 (63) | Arden Street Oval | 11,000 | 31 May 1952 |
Richmond | 8.7 (55) | Geelong | 11.13 (79) | Punt Road Oval | 25,000 | 31 May 1952 |
South Melbourne | 14.12 (96) | Fitzroy | 9.11 (65) | Lake Oval | 15,000 | 31 May 1952 |
Hawthorn | 5.14 (44) | Essendon | 15.8 (98) | Glenferrie Oval | 14,000 | 31 May 1952 |
Round 7
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Fitzroy | 8.15 (63) | St Kilda | 3.6 (24) | Brunswick Street Oval | 10,300 | 7 June 1952 |
North Melbourne | 12.8 (80) | Hawthorn | 7.8 (50) | Arden Street Oval | 11,000 | 7 June 1952 |
Melbourne | 12.10 (82) | Collingwood | 6.14 (50) | MCG | 58,543 | 7 June 1952 |
Essendon | 7.18 (60) | Richmond | 10.9 (69) | Windy Hill | 29,000 | 9 June 1952 |
Carlton | 18.12 (120) | Geelong | 13.15 (93) | Princes Park | 37,500 | 9 June 1952 |
South Melbourne | 16.14 (110) | Footscray | 11.13 (79) | Lake Oval | 26,000 | 9 June 1952 |
Round 8 (National Day Round)
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Richmond | 5.6 (36) | Collingwood | 10.12 (72) | SCG | 24,174 | 14 June 1952 |
Fitzroy | 13.12 (90) | Melbourne | 10.10 (70) | North Hobart Oval | 18,387 | 14 June 1952 |
South Melbourne | 18.10 (118) | North Melbourne | 14.12 (96) | Albury Sports Ground | 15,000 | 14 June 1952 |
Footscray | 5.4 (34) | St Kilda | 7.7 (49) | Yallourn Oval | 3,500 | 14 June 1952 |
Carlton | 17.15 (117) | Hawthorn | 11.14 (80) | Euroa Oval | 7,500 | 14 June 1952 |
Geelong | 12.14 (86) | Essendon | 23.17 (155) | Brisbane Exhibition Ground | 28,000 | 16 June 1952 |
Round 9
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Geelong | 7.13 (55) | South Melbourne | 4.11 (35) | Kardinia Park | 21,513 | 21 June 1952 |
Essendon | 11.8 (74) | Melbourne | 10.15 (75) | Windy Hill | 16,000 | 21 June 1952 |
Collingwood | 6.8 (44) | North Melbourne | 8.12 (60) | Victoria Park | 15,500 | 21 June 1952 |
St Kilda | 5.11 (41) | Hawthorn | 7.6 (48) | Junction Oval | 7,500 | 21 June 1952 |
Footscray | 6.9 (45) | Fitzroy | 7.8 (50) | Western Oval | 14,085 | 21 June 1952 |
Richmond | 5.3 (33) | Carlton | 5.9 (39) | Punt Road Oval | 21,000 | 21 June 1952 |
Round 10
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
North Melbourne | 9.10 (64) | St Kilda | 5.9 (39) | Arden Street Oval | 7,000 | 28 June 1952 |
Melbourne | 12.11 (83) | Richmond | 6.10 (46) | MCG | 23,557 | 28 June 1952 |
Carlton | 15.22 (112) | Footscray | 8.9 (57) | Princes Park | 12,617 | 28 June 1952 |
Hawthorn | 6.8 (44) | Geelong | 10.10 (70) | Glenferrie Oval | 7,500 | 28 June 1952 |
Fitzroy | 13.12 (90) | Essendon | 5.8 (38) | Brunswick Street Oval | 12,500 | 28 June 1952 |
South Melbourne | 9.10 (64) | Collingwood | 12.13 (85) | Lake Oval | 21,000 | 28 June 1952 |
Round 11
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
North Melbourne | 7.4 (46) | South Melbourne | 10.17 (77) | Arden Street Oval | 15,000 | 5 July 1952 |
Essendon | 10.16 (76) | Geelong | 11.10 (76) | Windy Hill | 21,000 | 5 July 1952 |
Collingwood | 10.19 (79) | Richmond | 8.8 (56) | Victoria Park | 21,911 | 5 July 1952 |
St Kilda | 11.13 (79) | Footscray | 12.13 (85) | Junction Oval | 7,800 | 5 July 1952 |
Melbourne | 11.7 (73) | Fitzroy | 11.17 (83) | MCG | 25,089 | 5 July 1952 |
Hawthorn | 5.11 (41) | Carlton | 9.24 (78) | Glenferrie Oval | 11,000 | 5 July 1952 |
Round 12
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Richmond | 10.17 (77) | St Kilda | 6.8 (44) | Punt Road Oval | 9,000 | 12 July 1952 |
Footscray | 4.11 (35) | Hawthorn | 9.4 (58) | Western Oval | 12,218 | 12 July 1952 |
Fitzroy | 13.11 (89) | North Melbourne | 10.11 (71) | Brunswick Street Oval | 10,500 | 12 July 1952 |
Carlton | 6.14 (50) | Melbourne | 6.14 (50) | Princes Park | 24,839 | 12 July 1952 |
South Melbourne | 8.12 (60) | Essendon | 9.15 (69) | Lake Oval | 27,000 | 12 July 1952 |
Geelong | 9.8 (62) | Collingwood | 4.9 (33) | Kardinia Park | 36,145 | 12 July 1952 |
Round 13
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
St Kilda | 5.8 (38) | South Melbourne | 6.8 (44) | Junction Oval | 15,000 | 19 July 1952 |
Geelong | 14.26 (110) | Melbourne | 8.6 (54) | Kardinia Park | 21,744 | 19 July 1952 |
Essendon | 5.12 (42) | Footscray | 7.15 (57) | Windy Hill | 17,000 | 19 July 1952 |
Collingwood | 12.15 (87) | Hawthorn | 4.4 (28) | Victoria Park | 12,643 | 19 July 1952 |
Carlton | 5.23 (53) | North Melbourne | 5.8 (38) | Princes Park | 21,055 | 19 July 1952 |
Richmond | 5.17 (47) | Fitzroy | 11.10 (76) | Punt Road Oval | 18,000 | 19 July 1952 |
Round 14
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Melbourne | 11.12 (78) | St Kilda | 8.10 (58) | MCG | 14,045 | 26 July 1952 |
Hawthorn | 8.14 (62) | Richmond | 14.7 (91) | Glenferrie Oval | 11,000 | 26 July 1952 |
Footscray | 8.9 (57) | Geelong | 9.12 (66) | Western Oval | 22,759 | 26 July 1952 |
North Melbourne | 7.11 (53) | Essendon | 7.8 (50) | Arden Street Oval | 15,000 | 26 July 1952 |
Fitzroy | 5.6 (36) | Collingwood | 4.11 (35) | Brunswick Street Oval | 26,000 | 26 July 1952 |
South Melbourne | 10.16 (76) | Carlton | 10.16 (76) | Lake Oval | 32,000 | 26 July 1952 |
Round 15
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Richmond | 10.14 (74) | South Melbourne | 12.14 (86) | Punt Road Oval | 19,000 | 2 August 1952 |
Hawthorn | 9.3 (57) | Melbourne | 12.13 (85) | Glenferrie Oval | 9,000 | 2 August 1952 |
Footscray | 7.6 (48) | North Melbourne | 8.9 (57) | Western Oval | 14,760 | 2 August 1952 |
St Kilda | 7.13 (55) | Geelong | 9.16 (70) | Junction Oval | 12,000 | 2 August 1952 |
Essendon | 13.10 (88) | Collingwood | 12.17 (89) | Windy Hill | 21,000 | 2 August 1952 |
Fitzroy | 5.15 (45) | Carlton | 5.14 (44) | Brunswick Street Oval | 29,000 | 2 August 1952 |
Round 16
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
North Melbourne | 14.10 (94) | Richmond | 9.12 (66) | Arden Street Oval | 12,000 | 9 August 1952 |
Collingwood | 20.19 (139) | St Kilda | 8.7 (55) | Victoria Park | 14,100 | 9 August 1952 |
Carlton | 11.16 (82) | Essendon | 12.11 (83) | Princes Park | 34,000 | 9 August 1952 |
South Melbourne | 6.14 (50) | Hawthorn | 9.14 (68) | Lake Oval | 12,000 | 9 August 1952 |
Melbourne | 15.17 (107) | Footscray | 8.12 (60) | MCG | 17,421 | 9 August 1952 |
Geelong | 12.16 (88) | Fitzroy | 5.10 (40) | Kardinia Park | 31,314 | 9 August 1952 |
Round 17
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Essendon | 22.15 (147) | St Kilda | 7.9 (51) | Windy Hill | 12,000 | 16 August 1952 |
Carlton | 12.16 (88) | Collingwood | 9.13 (67) | Princes Park | 42,662 | 16 August 1952 |
South Melbourne | 10.14 (74) | Melbourne | 8.18 (66) | Lake Oval | 24,000 | 16 August 1952 |
North Melbourne | 11.9 (75) | Geelong | 15.13 (103) | Arden Street Oval | 15,000 | 16 August 1952 |
Richmond | 13.11 (89) | Footscray | 5.14 (44) | Punt Road Oval | 11,000 | 16 August 1952 |
Hawthorn | 7.6 (48) | Fitzroy | 12.12 (84) | Glenferrie Oval | 12,000 | 16 August 1952 |
Round 18
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Melbourne | 11.16 (82) | North Melbourne | 15.7 (97) | MCG | 16,402 | 23 August 1952 |
Geelong | 17.9 (111) | Richmond | 10.7 (67) | Kardinia Park | 21,318 | 23 August 1952 |
Fitzroy | 9.10 (64) | South Melbourne | 7.15 (57) | Brunswick Street Oval | 29,000 | 23 August 1952 |
Essendon | 20.12 (132) | Hawthorn | 11.11 (77) | Windy Hill | 12,000 | 23 August 1952 |
Footscray | 6.14 (50) | Collingwood | 14.15 (99) | Western Oval | 20,584 | 23 August 1952 |
St Kilda | 8.8 (56) | Carlton | 13.14 (92) | Junction Oval | 18,000 | 23 August 1952 |
Round 19
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Hawthorn | 8.11 (59) | North Melbourne | 12.10 (82) | Glenferrie Oval | 6,000 | 30 August 1952 |
Footscray | 13.13 (91) | South Melbourne | 8.13 (61) | Western Oval | 20,723 | 30 August 1952 |
Collingwood | 13.14 (92) | Melbourne | 10.11 (71) | Victoria Park | 18,753 | 30 August 1952 |
St Kilda | 10.12 (72) | Fitzroy | 8.18 (66) | Junction Oval | 9,000 | 30 August 1952 |
Richmond | 15.11 (101) | Essendon | 11.10 (76) | Punt Road Oval | 28,000 | 30 August 1952 |
Geelong | 10.17 (77) | Carlton | 3.14 (32) | Kardinia Park | 49,107 | 30 August 1952 |
Ladder
| ||||||||||||
TEAM | P | W | L | D | PF | PA | % | PTS | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Geelong (P) | 19 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 1594 | 1183 | 134.74 | 66 | |||
2 | Collingwood | 19 | 14 | 5 | 0 | 1528 | 1058 | 144.42 | 56 | |||
3 | Fitzroy | 19 | 13 | 6 | 0 | 1233 | 1170 | 105.38 | 52 | |||
4 | Carlton | 19 | 11 | 6 | 2 | 1473 | 1310 | 112.44 | 48 | |||
5 | South Melbourne | 19 | 11 | 7 | 1 | 1411 | 1337 | 105.53 | 46 | |||
6 | Melbourne | 19 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 1420 | 1379 | 102.97 | 38 | |||
7 | North Melbourne | 19 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 1352 | 1396 | 96.85 | 36 | |||
8 | Essendon | 19 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 1579 | 1390 | 113.60 | 34 | |||
9 | Richmond | 19 | 8 | 11 | 0 | 1281 | 1384 | 92.56 | 32 | |||
10 | Footscray | 19 | 5 | 14 | 0 | 1052 | 1364 | 77.13 | 20 | |||
11 | Hawthorn | 19 | 5 | 14 | 0 | 1030 | 1480 | 69.59 | 20 | |||
12 | St Kilda | 19 | 2 | 17 | 0 | 1071 | 1573 | 68.09 | 8 | |||
Key: P = Played, W = Won, L = Lost, D = Drawn, PF = Points for, PA = Points against |
Finals
First Semi-Final
Team | 1 Qtr | 2 Qtr | 3 Qtr | Final |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fitzroy | 2.1 | 6.3 | 8.5 | 10.9 (69) |
Carlton | 0.5 | 3.10 | 7.15 | 8.20 (68) |
Attendance: 59,970 | ||||
Second Semi-Final
Team | 1 Qtr | 2 Qtr | 3 Qtr | Final |
---|---|---|---|---|
Geelong | 2.6 | 5.9 | 12.10 | 14.16 (100) |
Collingwood | 1.4 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 6.10 (46) |
Attendance: 77,417 | ||||
Preliminary Final
Team | 1 Qtr | 2 Qtr | 3 Qtr | Final |
---|---|---|---|---|
Collingwood | 4.4 | 9.9 | 10.12 | 11.15 (81) |
Fitzroy | 4.2 | 4.3 | 9.5 | 9.8 (62) |
Attendance: 54,046 | ||||
Grand final
Team | 1 Qtr | 2 Qtr | 3 Qtr | Final |
---|---|---|---|---|
Geelong | 4.2 | 5.3 | 11.6 | 13.8 (86) |
Collingwood | 1.1 | 3.3 | 5.3 | 5.10 (40) |
Attendance: 82,890 | ||||
Awards
- The 1952 VFL Premiership team was Geelong.
- The VFL's leading goalkicker was John Coleman of Essendon with 103 goals.
- The winner of the 1952 Brownlow Medal was Roy Wright of Richmond with 21 votes. He won on a count-back from Bill Hutchison of Essendon.
- As a consequence of its 1981 decision to change its rules relating to tied Brownlow Medal contests, the AFL awarded a retrospective medal to Bill Hutchison in 1989.
- St Kilda took the "wooden spoon" in 1952.
Notable events
- Essendon winger Lance Mann won the 1952, 130-yard Stawell Gift in eleven and fourteen-sixteenths seconds, off a handicap of 7¼yards; his team-mate, half-back flanker Norm McDonald, running off a handicap of 5 yards, came second.
- Bowing to pressure from its players and supporters, Fitzroy abandoned "The Gorillas" as its emblem. Originally intended to signify strength, tenacity, aggression, power, etc. the symbol had become somewhat devalued when opposition supporters started referring to the team as "The Apes". "The Lions" was not introduced until 1957; in the interim they were known as either "The Maroons" or "The Roys".
- In May 1952, as part of its promotion of the Burt Lancaster movie Ten Tall Men, the management of the Melbourne cinema The State Theatre on the corner of Flinders Street and Russell Street (now known as the Forum Theatre) measured the height of the ten tallest VFL players. Geoff Leek of Essendon was officially declared to be the tallest, at 6'4½" (194.3cm).[1]
- As part of an effort by the VFL to promote the game, a special round of premiership matches was held on Queen's Birthday weekend known as the "National Day Round". The premiership matches were played at the Brisbane Exhibition Ground in Brisbane, the Sydney Cricket Ground in Sydney, the North Hobart Oval in Hobart, the Albury Sports Ground in Albury, New South Wales, the Euroa Oval in Euroa, Victoria and the Yallourn Oval Yallourn, Victoria. Heavy rain meant that the Brisbane match had to be postponed until Monday (16 June); it was held on Monday evening, under lights, in front of a crowd of 28,000 spectators. An interstate match between Victoria and Western Australia in Melbourne during that weekend. The National Day Round was played in addition to the now standard eighteen games, so that the people of Melbourne and Geelong would still have nine home matches.
- In the First Semi-Final, Carlton's high marking centreman Keith Warburton received a heavy knock to his abdomen early in the match, but thought little of it. Later that evening he collapsed at the Carlton Club dance. He was rushed to hospital where it was discovered that he was suffering from a severed artery leading to his bowel. He hovered near death for some days, requiring almost continuous transfusions of blood. It was said that his physical fitness was the only reason he survived that time.
- In Round 10, in a match played in atrocious conditions at the Brunswick Street Oval, Fitzroy's champion full-back, Vic Chanter, held Essendon champion full-forward John Coleman goalless for the only time in his 98 game career.
- Overall, the season was the wettest season for more than 20 years. Many matches were played in deep sticky mud on grounds that were covered in sheets of water. Mud was ankle deep at the Brunswick Street Oval in Round 11. White balls were introduced in July to help players see the ball in all of the mud.
- The overall bad weather and the atrocious condition of the grounds throughout the season, and the effect that had on the condition of the ball, especially in relation to hand-passing, marking and kicking, as well as the physical problems of leading and being unable to spring from muddy ground, highlights the significance of John Coleman's 103 goals in 18 matches.
Footnotes
- ↑ See "Geoff Leek Tops of the Tall Men, The Sporting Globe, (Saturday, 31 May 1952), p.8. At 6'4½" (194.3cm), Leek was half an inch taller than the next 8 tallest players: Denis Cordner of Melbourne, Kevin Easton of North Melbourne, John Gill of Essendon, Brian Gilmore of Footscray, Jack "Chooka" Howell of Carlton, Tom H. McLean of Melbourne, Bill McMaster of Geelong, and George Swarbrick of Geelong, all measured 6'4" (193 cm). Leek was an inch taller than the ninth player, Colin Thornton of North Melbourne, who was measured at 6'3½" (191.8cm).
References
- Maplestone, M., Flying Higher: History of the Essendon Football Club 1872-1996, Essendon Football Club, (Melbourne), 1996. ISBN 0-9591740-2-8
- Rogers, S. & Brown, A., Every Game Ever Played: VFL/AFL Results 1897-1997 (Sixth Edition), Viking Books, (Ringwood), 1998. ISBN 0-670-90809-6
- Ross, J. (ed), 100 Years of Australian Football 1897-1996: The Complete Story of the AFL, All the Big Stories, All the Great Pictures, All the Champions, Every AFL Season Reported, Viking, (Ringwood), 1996. ISBN 0-670-86814-0
External links
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