1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai

1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai

Gyro horizon from a B-24 Liberator
Accident summary
Date 2 August 1943
Summary Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT)
Passengers 25
Crew 5
Fatalities 16
Survivors 14
Aircraft type C-87 Liberator Express
Operator United Airlines
Registration 41-24027
Flight origin Whenuapai Aerodrome

The 1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai was an aircraft accident in New Zealand during World War II.[1][2] The C-87 Liberator Express aircraft, owned by the USAAF and operated by United Airlines, was transferring Japanese men, women and children of the Consular Corps, to exchange for Allied POWs.[3] On 2 August 1943, it took off from Whenuapai Aerodrome runway 04 at 2:20 am, with rain and fog conditions at minimums for departure, and quickly passed through low stratus. Captain Herschel Laughlin’s gyro horizon had inadvertently been left caged – while the instrument displayed level flight, the aircraft entered a steepening bank to the left.[3] The crew detected the problem in a few seconds, but as the aircraft was straightening up and levelling out, it hit the ground at about 322 km/h (200 mph), bounced a few times and exploded. The third bounce threw its first officer, R. John Wisda, out through the canopy; he rolled end over end about 100 metres (330 ft) through mud and reeds.[3] A medic later found him trying to keep warm near a burning tyre. The major factors of the accident were the lack of a pre-flight checklist, and crew fatigue (126 flying hours in the last 26 days).

The crash killed three of the five crew (United States nationals), and eleven of the twenty-five passengers (eight Japanese and three Thai nationals).[4] Two additional passengers died later from injuries.[3]

The TSS Wahine took the surviving internees from Wellington to Sydney three months later.[5][6][7]

TVNZ covered the crash during the program Secret New Zealand in 2003, and posited the accident was covered up, due to concerns of reprisals against POWs.[8]

References

  1. ↑ "Airbus crash not on list of casualties". New Zealand Herald. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
  2. ↑ "August 1943 USAAF Overseas Accident Reports". Aviation Archaeological Investigation and Research. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Livingstone, Bob (1998). Under the Southern Cross: The B-24 Liberator in the South Pacific. Turner. p. 115. ISBN 1-56311-432-1. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
  4. ↑ Mackay, Jamie. "Pearce, Edna Bertha 1906 - 1995". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
  5. ↑ King, John (1995). Aviation Accidents and Disasters. New Zealand Tragedies. Wellington: Grantham House. p. 136. ISBN 1-86934-042-6.
  6. ↑ Bevan, E. Denys (4 November 1991). "Liberator: The Facts". The Listener.
  7. ↑ Sim, J. W. (November 1988). "Letter". New Zealand Wings.
  8. ↑ Roscoe, Bruce (2007). Windows on Japan. Algora. p. 262. ISBN 0-87586-491-0. Retrieved 20 April 2009.