1891 in Italy
See also: 1890 in Italy, 1892 in Italy.
Events from the year 1891 in Italy.
Events
- January 15 – Foundation of Critica Sociale by Filippo Turati and Anna Kuliscioff, the most influential Marxist review in Italy from 1891 to 1898, tackling all the serious public problems of 1890s: banking scandals, repression of the Fasci Siciliani unrest, the colonial war in Africa, and food riots.
- February 6 – The administration of Prime Minister Francesco Crispi resigns. He is succeeded by Antonio di Rudinì forming a coalition cabinet with a part of the Left under Giovanni Nicotera. His Minister of Finance Luigi Luzzatti imprudently abolished the system of frequent clearings of banknotes between banks, a measure which facilitated the duplication of part of the paper currency and hastened the bank crisis of 1893 and the resulting Banca Romana scandal.
- May 1 – The first official Fascio dei Lavoratori was founded on Labour Day in Catania by Giuseppe de Felice Giuffrida.
- May 15 – Pope Leo XIII issued the Rerum novarum encyclical addressing the condition of the working classes.
Births
- January 1 – Alessandro De Stefani, Italian screenwriter (died 1970)
- January 2 – Giovanni Michelucci, Italian architect, urban planner and engraver (died 1990)
- January 21 – Aldo Silvani, Italian film actor (died 1964)
- January 22 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian writer, politician, political philosopher, and one of the most important Marxist thinkers in the 20th century (died 1937)
- January 30 – Francesco Pricolo, Italian aviator (died 1980)
- February 2 – Antonio Segni, Italian Christian Democratic politician and President of the Italian Republic from 1962–1964 (died 1972)
- February 9 – Pietro Nenni, Italian socialist politician and national secretary of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) (died 1980)
- February 15 – Dino Borgioli, Italian lyric tenor (died 1960)
- February 16 – Pietro Parente, Italian theologian, cardinal, and inquisitor in the Holy Office of the Roman Catholic Church (died 1986)
- March 16 – Alfonsina Strada, Italian cyclist, the only woman to have ridden the Giro d'Italia in 1924 when the organisers mistook her for a man (died 1959)
- March 31 – Bruno Fattori, Italian poet (died 1985)
- April 4 – Giani Stuparich, Italian author (died 1961)
- April 19 – Riccardo Bacchelli, Italian writer (died 1985)
- April 20 – Aldo Finzi, Jewish-Italian Fascist politician, executed in the Ardeatine massacre (died 1944)
- April 26 – Alberto Gianni, Italian underwater diver (died 1930)
- May 26 – Enrico Del Debbio, Italian architect (died 1973)
- June 21 – Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian engineer and architect (died 1979)
- July 13 – Franco Casavola, Italian Futurist composer and theorist (died 1955)
- July 19 – Luigi Cimara, Italian film actor (died 1962)
- August 14 – Giuseppe Fioravanzo, Italian admiral (died 1975)
- August 29 – Mario Berlinguer, Italian lawyer and politician (died 1969)
- September 1 – Ferdinando Innocenti, founder of the Innocenti company and the creator of the Lambretta motorscooter (died 1966)
- September 2 – Maria Capuana, Italian mezzo-soprano (died 1955)
- November 10 – Enrica Calabresi, Italian zoologist, herpetologist, and entomologist (died 1944)
- November 18 – Gio Ponti, Italian architect and industrial designer (died 1979)
- November 27 – Giovanni Breviario, Italian opera tenor (died 1982)
Deaths
- January 1 – Antonio Stoppani, Italian geologist and palaeontologist (born 1824)
- January 30 – Carlo Cristofori, Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (born 1813)
- February 1 – Corradino D'Ascanio, Italian aeronautical engineer (died 1981)
- February 8 – Antonio Brilla, Italian sculptor and ceramic artist (born 1813)
- February 18 – Ferdinando Acton, Italian naval officer, admiral, politician and Minister for the Navy (born 1832)
- February 22 – Agostino Magliani, Italian financier and Minister of Finance (born 1824)
- February 28 – Giovanni Morelli, Italian art critic and political figure (born 1816)
- March 25 – Stefano Jacini, Italian statesman and economist (born 1826)
- May 29 – Giulio Litta, Italian composer (born 1822)
- June 8 – Carlo Maria Curci, Italian theologian (born 1810)
- June 8 – Giovanni Caselli, Italian physicist and inventor of the pantelegraph (born 1815)
- July 3 – Stefano Golinelli, Italian piano virtuoso and composer (born 1818)
- July 21 – Franco Faccio, Italian composer and conductor (born 1840)
- August 15 – Pietro Rosa, Italian architect and topographer (born 1810)
- November 11 – Raffaele Ferlotti, Italian opera baritone (born 1819)
- November 28 – Ferdinando Palasciano, Italian physician and politician (born 1815)
- December 17 – Amos Cassioli, Italian painter (born 1832)