1843 in literature
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The year 1843 in literature involved some significant literary events and new works.
Events
- January
- Serial publication of Charles Dickens' picaresque novel The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit by Chapman & Hall in London begins. In the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States.
- Publication of Edgar Allan Poe's Gothic short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" in The Pioneer and poem "The Conqueror Worm" in Graham's Magazine, both in Philadelphia.
- April 4 – William Wordsworth accepts the office of Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom (following the death of Robert Southey on March 21) on being assured that it is regarded as a purely honorific position.[1]
- June 21 – Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Gold-Bug" begins serialization in the Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper as the winning entry in a competition, earning Poe a $100 prize, being widely reprinted, given a theatrical adaptation, and popularizing cryptography.
- August 22 – The Theatres Act is passed in the United Kingdom, ending the virtual monopoly on theatrical performances held by the patent theatres, encouraging the development of popular entertainment.[2]
- October – Anna Atkins begins publication of Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions, a collection of contact printed cyanotype photograms of algae which forms the first book illustrated with photographic images.[3][4][5][6]
- December 17 – Publication of Charles Dickens' novella A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas by Chapman & Hall at his expense, introducing the character Ebenezer Scrooge. Released on December 19 it sells out by Christmas Eve.[7]
- Christmas – Thomas Hood's poem "The Song of the Shirt" is first published, in Punch.[8]
- date unknown
- Macmillan Publishers is founded in London by Scottish brothers Daniel and Alexander Macmillan.
- The Routledge publishing imprint is established in London by Cumberland-born bookseller George Routledge.
- The steam-powered rotary printing press is invented by Richard March Hoe in the United States.[9]
- Ada Lovelace (Byron's daughter) translates and expands Menabrea’s notes on Charles Babbage's analytical engine, including an algorithm for calculating a sequence of Bernoulli numbers, regarded as the world's first computer program.[10][11][12]
New books
- W. Harrison Ainsworth – Windsor Castle
- Hans Christian Andersen – New Fairy Tales (Nye Eventyr; published November 10, dated 1844) including "The Ugly Duckling" (Den grimme ælling)
- Edward Bulwer-Lytton – The Last of the Barons
- James Fenimore Cooper – Le Mouchoir; an Autobiographical Romance
- Charles Dickens
- Alexandre Dumas, père – Georges[13]
- Catherine Gore – The Banker's Wife
- Léon Gozlan – Aristide Froissart[14]
- Victor Hugo – Les Burgraves
- Søren Kierkegaard – Diary of a Seducer (a literary novel included in Either/Or)
- Frederick Marryat – Monsieur Violet
- Edgar Allan Poe – short stories
- Eugène Sue – The Mysteries of Paris
- Robert Smith Surtees – Handley Cross
- Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna – Perils of the Nation
New drama
- Eusebio Asquerino – Casada, vírgen y mártir
- Nikolai Gogol – The Gamblers
- W. T. Moncrieff – The Scamps of London
Poetry
Main article: 1843 in poetry
- Richard Henry Horne – Orion: an epic poem
- Edgar Allan Poe – "The Conqueror Worm"
Non-fiction
- Leon Battista Alberti – I Libri della famiglia
- Anna Atkins – Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions
- Paul Rudolf von Bilguer – Handbuch des Schachspiels ("Handbook of Chess")
- George Borrow – The Bible in Spain; or, the Journey, Adventures, and Imprisonment of an English-man in an Attempt to Circulate the Scriptures in the Peninsula
- James Braid – Neurypnology: or the Rationale of Nervous Sleep
- Thomas Carlyle – Past and Present
- Søren Kierkegaard (as "Johannes de Silentio") – Fear and Trembling (Frygt og Bæven)
- Thomas Babington Macaulay – Critical and Historical Essays
- John Stuart Mill – A System of Logic
- William H. Prescott – History of the Conquest of Mexico
- John Ruskin – Modern Painters, vol. 1.
- Wei Yuan and others (comp.) – Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms (海國圖志, Hǎiguó Túzhì)
Births
- January 14 – Hans Forssell, Swedish historian (died 1901)
- January 17 – Florence Montgomery, English novelist and children's writer (died 1923)
- February 24
- Teófilo Braga, Portuguese poet, playwright and politician (died 1924)
- Violet Fane (Mary Montgomerie Lamb), English novelist, poet and essayist (died 1905)
- April 15 – Henry James, American-born writer (died 1916)
- May 3 – Edward Dowden, Irish-born poet and critic (died 1913)
- May 25 – Christabel Rose Coleridge, novelist and editor (died 1921)
- July 5 – Mandell Creighton, English bishop and historian (died 1901)
- October 25 – Gleb Uspensky, Russian writer (died 1902)
- September 26 - James Rice, English novelist (died 1882)
- December 21 – Thomas Bracken, Irish-born New Zealand poet (died 1898)
- December 29 – Princess Elisabeth of Wied ("Carmen Sylva"), German-born queen consort and writer (died 1916)
Deaths
- January 11 – Francis Scott Key, American poet (born 1779)
- February 10 – Richard Carlile, English writer and agitator for suffrage and freedom of the press (born 1790)
- March 21 – Robert Southey, English poet and Poet Laureate (born 1774)
- May 12 – Charlotte von Kalb, German writer (born 1761)
- May 19 – Charles James Apperley ("Nimrod"), English sporting writer (born 1777)
- May 28 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer (born 1758)
- June 6 – Friedrich Hölderlin, German poet, novelist, and dramatist (born 1770)
- July 4 - John Basset, writer on Cornish mining (born 1791)
- July 9 – Karoline Pichler, Austrian novelist (born 1769)
- July 31 – William Thomas Lowndes, English bibliographer (born c.1798)
- August 10 – Jakob Friedrich Fries, German philosopher (born 1773)
- October 21 – William Pinnock, English writer, publisher and bookseller (born 1782)
- December 11 – Casimir Delavigne, French poet and dramatist (born 1793)
Awards
- Newdigate Prize - Matthew Arnold, "Cromwell"
References
- ↑ Pinion, F. B. (1988). A Wordsworth Chronology. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press. p. 201. ISBN 0-333-38860-7.
- ↑ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 266–267. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ↑ Parr, Martin; Badger, Gerry (2004). The Photobook: a history, Volume I. London: Phaidon. ISBN 0-7148-4285-0.
- ↑ James, Christopher (2009). The Book of Alternative Photographic Processes (2nd ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-4180-7372-5. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
- ↑ "Photography. Cyanotype photograph. Anna Atkins (1799-1871)". Seeing is Believing: 700 years of scientific and medical illustration. New York Public Library. 2001 [1843]. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
- ↑ Peres, Michael R. (2007). The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography: Digital Imaging, Theory and Applications, History, and Science (4th ed.). Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier/Focal Press. ISBN 978-0-240-80740-9.
- ↑ Dickens, Charles (2006). Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert, ed. A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books. Oxford world's classics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280694-9.
- ↑ Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
- ↑ Meggs, Philip B. (1998). A History of Graphic Design (3rd ed.). Wiley. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-471-29198-5. It receives U.S. Patent 5,199 in 1847 and is placed in commercial use the same year.
- ↑ Fuegi, John; Francis, Jo (October–December 2003). "Lovelace & Babbage and the creation of the 1843 'notes'". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 25 (4): 16–26. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2003.1253887.
- ↑ "Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace". Archived from the original on 21 July 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-11.
- ↑ Menabrea, L. F. (1843). "Sketch of the Analytical Engine Invented by Charles Babbage". Scientific Memoirs 3. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-01.
- ↑ Reed, Frank Wild (1933). A Bibliography of Alexandre Dumas père. England: J. A. Neuhuys. p. 152
- ↑ Pierre Echinard et Georges Jessula, Léon Gozlan (1803-1866), coll. IMMAJ, Marseille, 2003, 66 p. ; ISBN 2-9519299-1-9