1745 in science
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The year 1745 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
- The Omega Nebula, Messier 25, Messier 35, and IC 4665 are discovered by Philippe Loys de Chéseaux.
Biology
- Charles Bonnet publishes his first work on entomology, entitled Traité d'insectologie.
Geography
- The Cassini projection, a type of map projection, is described by César-François Cassini de Thury.
Medicine
- May 2 – The Company of Surgeons separates from the Company of Barbers of London.
- The Dublin Lying-In Hospital is established by Bartholomew Mosse.
Physics
- The Leyden jar, a device for storing electric charge, is invented by Pieter van Musschenbroek. It Is the first capacitor.
- Ruđer Bošković publishes De Viribus Vivis in which he tries to find a middle way between Newton's gravitational theory and Leibniz's monadology, developing a concept of "impenetrability" as a property of hard bodies which explains their behavior in terms of force rather than matter.[1]
Technology
- The first blasting cap, or detonator, is demonstrated by a Dr. Watson of the Royal Society.
Awards
Births
- January 6 – Jacques Étienne Montgolfier, French inventor (died 1799)
- January 7 – Johan Christian Fabricius, Danish entomologist (died 1808)
- January 23 – William Jessop, English civil engineer (died 1814)
- February 18 – Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist and chemist (died 1827)
- April 20 – Philippe Pinel, French psychiatrist (died 1826)
- April 26 – Johann Anton Güldenstädt, German naturalist and explorer (died 1781)
- November 30 – Jean-Louis Baudelocque, French obstetrician (died 1810)
- December 15 – Johann Gottfried Koehler, German astronomer (died 1801)
- December 28 – Juan de Ayala, Spanish explorer (died 1797)
- William Cruikshank, Scottish-born anatomist and chemist (died 1800)
Deaths
- November 30 – Johann Bessler, German inventor (born 1680)