1683
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1650s 1660s 1670s – 1680s – 1690s 1700s 1710s |
| Years: | 1680 1681 1682 – 1683 – 1684 1685 1686 |
| 1683 by topic: | |
| Arts and Science | |
| Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors - State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1683 MDCLXXXIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2436 |
| Armenian calendar | 1132 ԹՎ ՌՃԼԲ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6433 |
| Bengali calendar | 1090 |
| Berber calendar | 2633 |
| English Regnal year | 34 Cha. 2 – 35 Cha. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2227 |
| Burmese calendar | 1045 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7191–7192 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬戌年 (Water Dog) 4379 or 4319 — to — 癸亥年 (Water Pig) 4380 or 4320 |
| Coptic calendar | 1399–1400 |
| Discordian calendar | 2849 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1675–1676 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5443–5444 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1739–1740 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1605–1606 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4784–4785 |
| Holocene calendar | 11683 |
| Igbo calendar | 683–684 |
| Iranian calendar | 1061–1062 |
| Islamic calendar | 1094–1095 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenna 3 (天和３年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 4016 |
| Minguo calendar | 229 before ROC 民前229年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2225–2226 |
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Year 1683 (MDCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
- April 10 – Charles V the Duke of Lorraine is appointed commander of the Imperial army.
- May 3 – Sultan Mehmed IV enters Belgrade.
- June 6 – The Ashmolean Museum opens as the world's first university museum.
- June 12 – The Rye House Plot to assassinate Charles II of England is discovered.
July–December
- July 8 – The Qing Dynasty Chinese admiral Shi Lang leads 300 ships with 20,000 troops out of Tongshan, Fujian and sails towards the Kingdom of Tungning, in modern-day Taiwan and Penghu, in order to quell the kingdom in the name of Qing.
- July 14 – A 140,000-man Ottoman force arrives at Vienna and starts to besiege the city.
- July 16 and July 17 – Battle of Penghu: Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang defeats the naval forces of Zheng Keshuang in a decisive victory.
- September 5 – The Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang receives the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang, ushering in the collapse of the Kingdom of Tungning, which is then incorporated into the Qing Empire.
Vienna Battle, 1683
- September 12 – Battle of Vienna: The Ottoman siege of the city is broken with the arrival of a force of 70,000 Polish, Austrians and Germans under Polish-Lithuanian king Jan III Sobieski, whose cavalry turns their flank (considered to be the turning point in the Ottoman Empire's fortunes).
- October 3 – Shi Lang reaches Taiwan and occupies present day Kaohsiung.
- October 6 – Germantown, Philadelphia is founded as the first permanent German settlement in North America (in 1983 U.S. President Ronald Reagan declares a 300th Year Celebration, and in 1987, it becomes an annual holiday, German-American Day).
- November 1 – The British crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.
- December – The River Thames freezes, allowing a frost fair to be held.
Date unknown
- Wild boars are hunted to extinction in Britain.
Births
- January 13 – Christoph Graupner, German composer (d. 1760)
- February 28 – René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French scientist (d. 1757)
- March 1 – Caroline of Ansbach, wife of George II of Great Britain (d. 1737); her birthdate was associated with Saint David's Day, for example in plate 4 of William Hogarth's A Rake's Progress
- April 3 – Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)
- June 23 – Etienne Fourmont, French orientalist (d. 1745)
- September 7 – Maria Anna of Austria, Archduchess of Austria and Queen consort of Portugal (d. 1754)
- September 11 – Farrukhsiyar, Mughal Emperor (d. 1719)
- September 25 – Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (d. 1764)
- October 17 – Aixin-Jueluo Yuntang, born Aixin-Jueluo Yintang, Qing prince (d. 1726)
- October 25 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician (d. 1757)
- November 10 – King George II of Great Britain (d. 1760)
- November 30 – Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (d. 1744)
- December 19 – King Philip V of Spain (d. 1746)
- December 27 – Conyers Middleton, English minister (d. 1750)
Deaths
- January 21 – Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, British politician (b. 1621)
- February 18 – Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (b. 1620)
- March 19 – Thomas Killigrew, English dramatist (b. 1612)
- March 29 – Yaoya Oshichi, young Japanese girl burned at the stake for arson (b. 1667)
- July 10 – François-Eudes de Mézeray, French historian (b. 1610)
- July 13 – Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (b. 1631)
- July 30 – Maria Theresa of Spain, first wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
- August 18 – Charles Hart, English actor (b. 1625)
- August 24 – John Owen, English non-conformist theologian (b. 1616)
- September 6 – Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of finance (b. 1619)
- September 12 – King Afonso VI of Portugal (b. 1643)
- October 25 – William Scroggs, lord chief justice of England (b. c. 1623)
- December 7
- John Oldham, English poet (smallpox) (b. 1653)
- Algernon Sydney, English politician (b. 1623)
- December 15 – Izaak Walton, English writer (b. 1593)