1650

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April 27: Battle of Carbisdale.

Palio horse races.

Wheelchair.

Istanbul.

Year 1650 (MDCL) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• April 27 – Battle of Carbisdale: A Royalist army invades mainland Scotland from the Orkney Islands but is defeated by a Covenanter army.
• May – The New Model Army is decimated at the Siege of Clonmel.
• June 9 – The Harvard Corporation, the more powerful of the two administrative boards of Harvard, is established (the first legal corporation in the Americas).
• June 23 – Claimant King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland arrives in Scotland (at Garmouth), the only one of the three Kingdoms that has accepted him as ruler.

July–December

• August 23 – Colonel George Monck forms Monck's Regiment of Foot, forerunner of the Coldstream Guards.
• September 3 – Third English Civil War: Battle of Dunbar (1650).
• September 27 – The Kolumbo volcano on Santorini experiences a massive eruption (VEI 6).
• September 29 – Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters (the first historically documented dating service) in Threadneedle Street, London.
• November 4 – William III of Orange becomes Prince of the House of Orange the moment of his birth, succeeding his father who had died a few days earlier. He doesn't become stadtholder, so the United Provinces becomes a true republic.
• December 25 – Thomas Cooper, former Usher of Gresham's School, England, is hanged as a Royalist rebel.

Date unknown

• The first modern Palio horserace is held in Siena.
• Puritans chop down the original Glastonbury Thorn.
• Captain James Hind makes an abortive attempt to seize power in England.
• Jews are allowed to return to France and England.
• Cafés begin to become popular in Europe.
• Three-wheeled wheelchairs are invented in Nuremberg by watchmaker Stephen Farfler.
• The Age of Discovery ends.
• Ann Greene, who had been hanged for infanticide in Oxford wakes up on an autopsy table; she is pardoned.
• Abyssinia deports Portuguese diplomats and missionaries.
• Einkommende Zeitungen becomes the first German newspaper (cancelled 1918).
• The town of Sharon, Massachusetts is founded.
• Estimation: Istanbul becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Beijing.

Births

• January 1 – George Rooke, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1709)
• January 10 – Countess Sophie Amalie of Nassau-Siegen, Duchess consort of Courland (1682-1688) (d. 1688)
• February 2 – Nell Gwynne, English actress and royal mistress (d. 1687)
• February 5 – Anne-Jules, 2nd duc de Noailles, French general (d. 1708)
• February 26 – Tomás Marín de Poveda, 1st Marquis of Cañada Hermosa, Royal Governor of Chile (d. 1703)
• February 27 – Jan Verkolje, Dutch painter (d. 1693)
• March 6 – John Conyers (MP born 1650), English politician (d. 1725)
• March 24 – Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet, British bishop (d. 1721)
• March 25
  • Sir Richard Cox, 1st Baronet (d. 1733)
  • Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Ilsenburg, German nobleman (d. 1710)
• April 10 – Sebastiano Antonio Tanara, Catholic cardinal (d. 1724)
• April 15 – Hedwig of the Palatinate-Sulzbach, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. 1681)
• April 18 – Sir Edward Dering, 3rd Baronet, English politician (d. 1689)
• April 20
  • Felice Boselli, Italian painter (d. 1732)
  • William Bedloe, English fraudster and informer (d. 1680)
• April 27 – Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel, Queen Consort of Denmark (1670-1699) (d. 1714)
• May 19 – Cornelis HrR Ridder de Graeff, Dutch nobleman and chief landholder of the Zijpe and Haze Polder (d. 1678)
• May 26 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general (d. 1722)
• June 5 – Ogasawara Nagashige, Daimyo (d. 1732)
• June 14 – Carlo Alessandro Guidi (d. 1712)
• June 25 – Joseph Sherman (Massachusetts Bay Colony), American politician (d. 1731)
• July 1 – Maria Anna Vasa, Polish princess (d. 1651)
• July 6 – Frederick Casimir Kettler (d. 1698)
• July 25 – William Burkitt, biblical expositor and vicar in Dedham (d. 1703)
• July 30 – Edward Lewis (Devizes MP), English politician (d. 1674)
• August 7 – Louis Joseph, Duke of Guise (d. 1671)
• August 16 – Vincenzo Coronelli, Franciscan monk, Italian cartographer, encyclopedist (d. 1718)
• August 17 – Jean Gaston, Duke of Valois (d. 1652)
• August 27 – Carl Philipp Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum, Prussian field Marshal (d. 1719)
• August 30 – Ludovico Sabbatini, Italian priest (d. 1724)
• September 7 – Juan Manuel María de la Aurora, 8th duke of Escalona, Spanish aristocrat (d. 1725)
• September 14 – Theophilus Oglethorpe, English soldier and MP (d. 1702)
• September 20 – Adrian Beverland, Dutch philosopher and jurist who settled in England (d. 1716)
• September 23 – Jeremy Collier, English theatre critic, non-juror bishop and theologian (d. 1726)
• October 9 – René Auguste Constantin de Renneville, French writer (d. 1723)
• October 10
  • Jane Rolfe, Granddaughter of Pocahontas (d. 1676)
  • Ulisse Giuseppe Gozzadini, Catholic cardinal (d. 1728)
• October 19 – Charles Erskine, 21st Earl of Mar (d. 1689)
• October 20 – Robert Shirley, 1st Earl Ferrers, English peer and courtier (d. 1717)
• October 24 – Steven Blankaart, Dutch entomologist (d. 1704)
• November 4 – King William III of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d. 1702)
• November 7 – John Robinson, English diplomat (d. 1723)
• November 14 – William III of England, Prince of Orange, King of England, Scotland and Ireland (d. 1702)
• November 17 – Joanna Koerten, Dutch painter (d. 1715)
• November 18 – Robert Walpole (1650–1700), English politician (d. 1700)
• November 19 – Henry, Duke of Saxe-Römhild, duke of Saxe-Römhild (d. 1710)
• November 23 – Joseph Oriol (d. 1702)
• November 28 – Jan Palfijn, Flemish surgeon and obstetrician (d. 1730)
• November 30 – Domenico Martinelli, Italian architect (d. 1718)
• December 3 – August of Saxe-Weissenfels (1650–1674), Prince of Saxe-Weissenfels and provost of Magdeburg (d. 1674)
• December 6 – Johann Friedrich Mayer (theologian), German Lutheran theologian (d. 1712)
• December 10 – Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon (d. 1701)
• December 16
  • Alexander Hermann, Count of Wartensleben, Prussian field marshal (d. 1734)
  • Sir Robert Marsham, 4th Baronet, English politician (d. 1703)
• December 17 – Christoph Arnold, German astronomer (d. 1695)
• December 25 – Claude Aveneau, French missionary (d. 1711)

Deaths

• February 11 – René Descartes, French philosopher (b. 1596)
• April 18 – Simonds d'Ewes, English antiquarian and politician (b. 1602)
• April 21 – Yagyū Jūbei Mitsuyoshi, Japanese samurai (b. 1607)
• May 21 – James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, Scottish royalist (b. 1612)
• June 18 – Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer (b. 1573 or 1575)
• June 19 – Matthäus Merian, Swiss engraver (b. 1593)
• August – John Parkinson, English herbalist and botanist (b. 1567)
• August 25 – Richard Crashaw, English poet (b. c. 1613)
• October 29 – David Calderwood, Scottish historian (b. 1575)
• November 6 – William II, Prince of Orange (b. 1626)
• November 24 – Manuel Cardoso, Portuguese composer (b. 1566)
• December 31 – Dorgon, Manchu prince (b. 1612)
• date unknown – Koçi Bey, Ottoman man of letters

References