1525

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William Tyndale

Year 1525 (MDXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• January 21 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptize each other in the home of Manz's mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union.
• February 24 – Battle of Pavia: Spanish forces under Charles de Lannoy and the Marquis of Pescara defeat the French army and capture Francis I of France, after his horse is wounded by Cesare Hercolani.
• February 28 – The last Aztec Emperor, Cuauhtémoc, is killed by Hernán Cortéz.
• March 20 – In the German town Memmingen the pamphlet The Twelve Articles: The Just and Fundamental Articles of All the Peasantry and Tenants of Spiritual and Temporal Powers by Whom They Think Themselves Oppressed is published , the first human rights related document written in Europe.
• April 10 – Albert of Prussia commits Prussian Homage.
• May 15 – Insurgent peasants led by radical pastor Thomas Muentzer were defeated at the Battle of Frankenhausen, ending the German Peasants' War in the Holy Roman Empire.
• June 13 – Martin Luther marries ex-nun Katharina von Bora. The painter Lucas Cranach the Elder is one of the witnesses.
• June 16 – Henry VIII of England appoints his illegitimate son Henry Fitzroy Duke of Richmond and Somerset.

July–December

• July 29 – Santa Marta, the first city in Colombia, is founded by Spanish conqueror Rodrigo de Bastidas.

Date unknown

• European-brought diseases sweep through the Andes, killing thousands, including the Inca.
• Mixco Viejo, capital of the Pocomam Maya State, falls to the Spanish Conquistadores of Pedro de Alvarado in what is now Guatemala after a 3-month siege.
• The Bubonic Plague spreads in southern France.
• The New Testament is translated into English by William Tyndale.
• The first French ambassador arrives in Istanbul.
• The Chinese Ministry of War under the Ming Dynasty orders ships having more than one mast sailing along the southeast coast to be seized, investigated, and destroyed; this in an effort to curb piracy and limit private commercial trade abroad.
• Over 75,000 peasants are killed in Germany.
• Francis I of France and Suleiman I strike an alliance against Habsburg Empire.
• Age of Samael ends and the Age of Gabriel starts according to Johannes Trithemius.
• The word "spatula" is first used in English.

Births

• January 6 – Caspar Peucer, German reformer (d. 1602)
• January 29 – Lelio Sozzini, Italian Renaissance humanist and anti-Trinitarian reformer (d. 1562)
• February 5 – Juraj Drašković, Croatian Catholic cardinal (d. 1587)
• March 19 – Caspar Cruciger the Younger, German theologian (d. 1597)
• March 25 Richard Edwardes, English choral musician, playwright and poet (d. 1566)
• March 26 – Katharina of Hanau, Countess of Wied, German noblewoman (d. 1581)
• June 29 – Peter Agricola, German Renaissance humanist, educator, classical scholar, theologian, diplomat and statesman (d. 1585)
• September 1 – Christoffer Valkendorff, Danish politician (d. 1601)
• September 11 – John George, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1598)
• September 25 – Steven Borough, English explorer (d. 1584)
• October 1 – Tadeáš Hájek, Czech physician and astronomer (d. 1600)
• November 7 – Georg Cracow, German lawyer and politician (d. 1575)
• December 1 – Tadeáš Hájek, Czech astronomer (d. 1600)
• December 23 – John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1576)
• date unknown
  • Maharal of Prague, Talmudic scholar, Jewish mystic and philosopher (d. 1609)
  • Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (d. 1560)
  • Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley (d. 1586)
• probable
  • Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1569)
  • Baldassare Donato, Italian composer and singer (d. 1603)
  • Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Italian composer (d. 1594)
  • Hans Staden, German soldier and sailor (d. 1579)

Deaths

• January 24 – Franciabigio, Florentine painter (b. 1482)
• February 24 (in action at the Battle of Pavia)
  • Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet, French soldier (b. c. 1488)
  • Jacques de la Palice, French nobleman and military officer (b. 1470)
  • Richard de la Pole, last Yorkist claimant to the English throne
• February 28 – Cuauhtémoc, last Aztec ruler (executed) (b. c. 1502)
• May 5 – Frederick III, Elector of Saxony (b. 1463)
• May 27 – Thomas Müntzer, German pastor and rebel leader (b. 1489) (executed)
• July 22 – Richard Wingfield, English diplomat (b. c. 1456)
• November 17 – Leonor of Viseu, queen of João II of Portugal (b. 1458)
• December 30 – Jakob Fugger, German banker (b. 1459)
• date unknown – Nicholas Storch, weaver and reformer
• probable – Jean Lemaire de Belges, Walloon poet and historian (b. 1473)

References